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PDF Comparison based on Various FSO Channel Models under Different Atmospheric Turbulence
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Recently, wireless communication environments with high speeds and low complexity have become increasingly essential. Free-space optics (FSO) has emerged as a promising solution for providing direct connections between devices in such high-spectrum wireless setups. However, FSO communications are susceptible to weather-induced signal fluctuations, leading to fading and signal weakness at the receiver. To mitigate the effects of these challenges, several mathematical models have been proposed to describe the transition from weak to strong atmospheric turbulence, including Rayleigh, lognormal, Málaga, Nakagami-m, K-distribution, Weibull, Negative-Exponential, Inverse-Gaussian, G-G, and Fisher-Snedecor F distributions. This paper extensively studies and analyses different probability density functions (PDFs) that govern the FSO channel, considering various channel models. This paper aims to comprehensively understand how FSO channels can be effectively modeled using different PDFs. Accurate modeling is crucial for designing FSO systems that can operate optimally under potential environmental conditions. Selecting the appropriate PDF model plays a crucial role in determining the FSO channel's performance during system design. With a multitude of PDF models available, this study aims to identify the most effective PDF model to be employed in FSO channel modeling.

 

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Building discriminant function for repeated measurements data under compound symmetry (CS) covariance structure and applied in the health field
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Discriminant analysis is a technique used to distinguish and classification an individual to a group among a number of  groups based on a linear combination of a set of relevant variables know discriminant function. In this research  discriminant analysis used to analysis data from repeated measurements design. We  will  deal  with the problem of  discrimination  and  classification in the case of  two  groups by assuming the Compound Symmetry covariance structure  under  the  assumption  of  normality for  univariate  repeated measures data.

 

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Requirements of Achieving Sustainable Competitive Advantage under Framework of Constructing Green Strategy for Business Organizations ( perceptual analytical study)
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The aim of this research is to know how business organizations achieve competitive advantage ,and make it sustainable through constructing a green strategy ( friend to environment) which is reflected on sustaining their competitive advantages .The problem of this study is presented through trying to answer many thoughtful questions, the most important of them are: 

1-Can business organizations today make green strategies supporting their competitive advantage?

2-Is there a framework or mechanism could be depended on by business organizations to manage strategic risks of losing their competit

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 30 2018
Journal Name
Journal Inspector General
Some Forms of Fault Committed by Police Officers – A Comparative Study of Civil Liability under American and Iraqi Law
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Police play an important role in any society. Where they maintain public order by stopping and deterring crime and bringing criminals to justice. In order to achieve these objectives, they have certain means of law (search, arrest, use of force that may be lethal in some cases). However, such means may be misused in a way that harms members of society such as (Exceeding the Scope of a search warrant, violation of privacy of individuals, False Imprisonment, Excessive use of force, Sudden Deaths in custody, Sexual Assault and Harassment, Failure to respond for Domestic violence calls), which raises the civil liability of police officers and their agencies for such damage. Police officers may even abuse their characteristics even outside offic

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Performance evaluation of the Iraq Stock Exchange market under the financial losses of terrorism for the years 2010-2015
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The Research topic seeks to analyze the "political risk and its component Terrorism Index," which consists of five indicators index, a number of terrorist operations, and the number of dead and wounded, and the size of the physical losses, based search sub-index analysis of material losses for the index terrorism and its impact on the indicators listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange Finance. As for the practical side, it has been use style gradient unrestricted and link the sample represented by ten banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange. was Statement the correlation and interaction of variables of the studySearch results produced that the volume of material losses is the most important indicator in the influential force and it explain a v

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Publication Date
Tue Jul 11 2023
Journal Name
Sport Tk-revista Euroamericana De Ciencias Del Deporte
Analysis of the amount of lost fluids, some blood components and mineral salts in volleyball under hot weather conditions
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The research objective was to study the amount of lost fluids, some blood components and mineral salts in volleyball players under hot weather conditions. The sample of the present study was composed of 12 volleyball players of Al-Sinaa Club (Baghdad, Iraq) in the 2022/2023 season. The variables analyzed in this study were: Heart rate before and after exercise, internal and external body temperature before and after exertion, potassium ion, sodium ion, calcium ion, and the amount of fluid lost (the player's weight) before and after the exercise. The tests were conducted at a temperature between 42-47 degrees Celsius. The maximum anaerobic exercise was performed with volleyball. The results showed that to play volleybal

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
Sport Tk - Revista Euro Americana De Ciencias Del Deporte
Analysis of the amount of lost fluids, some blood components and mineral salts in volleyball under hot weather conditions
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Scopus (7)
Scopus
Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The reality of succession planning Under the retirement law No. (26) of 2019 / Applied research in the medical city
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This research aims to know the reality of succession planning in the researched organization and how it occupies the important jobs in the organization and its readiness for sudden and urgent events that lead to the vacancy of these jobs, and the importance of this research is that it is one of the rare Arab and Iraqi studies and research in this field, as it is one of the first researches It deals with the reality of succession planning in light of the retirement law No. (26) of 2019, and the research problem was the absence of consecutive planning programs and the weak preparation of suitable candidates to face sudden and urgent conditions as replacements for current leaders who occupy the leading and key positions in the depar

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Green Engineering
Water distribution and interference of wetting front in stratified soil under a continues and an intermittent subsurface drip irrigation
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Scopus (8)
Scopus
Publication Date
Mon Nov 01 2010
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Correction of Spherical Aberration of an Immersion Lens Operating Under Space Charge Effect Described by a 2nd Order Equation
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The present work represents a theoretical study for the correction of spherical aberration of an immersion lens of axial symmetry operating under the effect of space charge, represented by a second order function and preassigned magnification conditions in a focusing of high current ion beams. The space charge depends strongly on the value of the ionic beam current which is found to be very effective and represents an important factor effecting the value of spherical aberration .The distribution of the space charge was measured from knowing it's density .It is effect on the trajectory of the ion beam was studied. To obtain the trajectories of the charged particles which satisfy the preassined potential the axial electrostatic potential w

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 09 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Impact of Education Program upon Nurses' Knowledge towards Children under Mechanical Ventilation at Pediatric Teaching Hospitals in Baghdad City
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Objective: impact of the education program for nurses' knowledge toward children under mechanical
ventilation, and to find out the relationships between nurses' knowledge and their general information.
Methodology: Quasi experimental study was carried out at the respiratory care units of Baghdad
Pediatric Teaching Hospitals started from February15th, until September 26th, 2011, A purposive (nonprobability)
sample of (23) nurses working in the respiratory care units, were selected from Children
Welfare and Pediatric Central Teaching Hospitals. The data were gathered through using of the
constructed multiple choice questionnaire using to evaluate the nurses knowledge using checklist, The
questionnaire consists of two p

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