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alkej-534
Hydrodynamics, Mass and Heat Transfer in Reactive Distillation
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      The ethyl acetate synthesis via heterogeneous reactive distillation is studied experimentally using ethanol and acetic acid. Three types of cation exchanging resins were used as catalysts: Zerolit 225, Zerolit 226 and Ambylite 400. Experiments were carried out in two units of the same dimensions. Each unit consisted of three sections: rectifying, reactive and stripping sections of heights (60+25+20) cm respectively and 2.5cm column diameter. The first unit (column-A-) was a fractionation type and the second unit (column-B-) was packed column. The packing type was hollow glass cylinders with 10 mm height, and 4, 5 mm inner and outer diameter respectively.

      The experiments were carried out by using two operation modes. The semi-batch and continuous operation mode. In the first part of present investigation, the semi-batch mode was used to evaluate the catalyst type and to evaluate the performance of reactive distillation unit configuration (Fractionation and packed column). Results show that, the column-B- gave higher conversion rates than column-A-. This is attributed to the high surface area available for liquid vapour contact in packed type column, which leads to increasing mass transfer rates.  On the other hand, Ambylite 400 catalyst showed higher activity for esterification reaction than other two types of catalysts.

      The second part of work continued with column -B- only. It is well known that, the esterification process is regarded one of exothermic reactions. Therefore, the monitoring of the temperature distribution along column axial for all three types of catalysts showed that the temperature distribution was essentially the same due to steady state operation in continuous operation mode. On the other hand, the effect of reflux ratio on temperature distribution was clearly noted, that is as the reflux ratio increased the temperature distribution along the column was reduced for each type of catalysts.

      On the other hand, the experimental results point that, as a reflux ratio increases the conversion rates of acetic acid is increased too because such increasing is related to high mass transfer rates between  vapour and liquid along reactive distillation column.

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 26 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
تحليل فاعلية الشمول المالي لمعالجة الفقر في العراق مع إشارة الى التجربة النيجيرية
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The focus of this research lies in the definition of an important aspect of financial development, which is reflected on the alleviation of poverty in Iraq, namely financial inclusion and then taking the path of achieving a sustainable economy, certainly after reviewing one of the important international experiences in this regard and finally measuring the level of financial inclusion in Iraq and its impact on poverty reduction through the absolute poverty line indicator.

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 13 2018
Journal Name
Arab Science Heritage Journal
وسائل وسائل الاتصالات السريعة في حروب العرب المسلمين حتى منتصف القرن الرابع الهجري
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          This Study is concerned with The Fast communications in the wars of arab moslims until the middle of fourth century . it pointed to many communications for that , Like using the fast horses , and carrier pigeon , Almanader (Almanawin) wich used to tell for long distances , and drums , trumpets…

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 14 2022
Journal Name
Al-academy
The prospects ability of contemporary epistemology for signification internal construction of plastic artwork
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Based on the systematic scientific investigation of artistic achievement, researchers (critics) adhere to mechanisms based on epistemology, through which it is envisaged to reveal the meaning of the achievement as the product of three actors: the effectiveness of an artistic sense, the effectiveness of an idea, and the arousal of taste according to systematic criticism procedures that investigate the new artistic achievement. Or, in a specific way, the possibility of meaning in all the accomplished from the aesthetics of artistic presentation and the character of the self-accomplished by the "artist" and the critic invokes his critical tools with certain cognitive foundations. In defining its nature from the rest of the other cultural ac

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Crossref
Publication Date
Thu Jan 01 2026
Journal Name
مفهوم التعايش السلمي واسهامه في تحقيق الامن المجتمعي : العراق بعد العام 2003م انموذجا
مفهوم التعايش السلمي واسهامه في تحقيق الامن المجتمعي : العراق بعد العام 2003م انموذجا
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Publication Date
Sun Jan 03 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
إنتاج المعرفة واكتسابها لدى طلبة كليات العلوم التربوية في بعض الجامعات الأردنية الرسمية
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This research attempts to propose production and acquisition of scientific knowledge among the students of educational science faculties in some universities Governmental Jordanian (Yarmouk, Jordan, Muta). In addition to sources of educational gained in some of the Governmental Jordanian universities (Yarmouk, Jordan, Muta), and to propose the necessary socio-cultural dimensions of knowledge acquisition and production, using developmental screening method, which is represented in the study design tool (questionnaire), which consisted of 4 scales, scale: The reality of the acquisition of knowledge / reality of the production of knowledge / social dimensions of knowledge acquisition and production / cultural dimensions of knowl

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 04 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
اثر استخدام دورة التعلم في تحصیل طالبات مرحلة الرابع العام للمعلومات الفیزیائیة واستبقائھا
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This research aims to reveal the impact of applying a teaching course in
gaining and preserving information by female students comparing with the
traditional method, through testing the two following hypotheses:
1. There is no difference with statistical significance at the level of
significance (0.05) between the average grades achieved by the
experimental group of female students taught using a teaching course,
and the control group of female students taught using the traditional
method.
2. There is no difference with statistical significance at the level of
significance (0.05) between the average grades achieved by the
experimental group of female students taught using a teaching course,
and the contro

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 08 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
تجلیات اللغة الایحائیة في دعاء الصباح للامام علي بن ابي طالب (علیھ السلام)
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The literary aspect of any text reveals when it used The inspiration language
which reveals the creative aspect of language for the creator (writer) he in turn
will seek for the best choice from these aspects then, he will distribute them due
to their intention, and according to the their context
Thus, propagandistic text contains many moral features which the language
accord to thus , we found that the morning (dua al asbah)is full of creative
literary manifestations through many abstentions which happened in different
structures that contain the text, especially in structure of metaphor, and contrast.
we found many outstanding gaps and abstentions in these are given life, matter
that gives the text the most l

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 27 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Effect of the activity of Boswellia Carterii extracts on preservation of ground meat
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The study aimed to know the effect of the use alcoholic ethanol extraction of Boswellia Carterii In prolonging the period of preservation cooled ground meat in 4C for 6 days, it has been mixing ground meat with 150,300,450 mg/ml of alcoholic extract Consecutive, Where (0 was the control sample), All samples were stored separately for 0 , 3 , 6 days in Refrigerator temperature 4 C, Conducted by some microbial tests, Results have shown that mixing the ground meat with Boswellia Carterii extraction Led to prolong the storage of meat for 6 days at 4 C .and the Best result came when adding alcoholic ethanol extract of Boswellia Carterii by 450mg/ml Which Equal 0.9 g ,that reducing microbial load more higher than 150&300 mg/ml. All of thes

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 01 2017
Journal Name
كلية التربية الاساسية
رؤية مستقبلية للتطوير الإداري لكليات التربية في جامعة بغداد بأستخدام تكنولوجيا المعلومات والاتصالات
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إن التطور الهائل في منظومة تكنولوجيا المعلومات والاتصالات في العالم , أثر كثيراً في الجوانب الحياتية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية والسياسية والثقافية عامة والتربوية والتعليمية خاصة, إذ أصبح لها دور كبير في تسيير الكثير من الأمور. ولا بد من القول ان المؤسسات والمنظمات لا يمكن ان تنتقل من القرن العشرين الى القرن الحادي والعشرين إلا إذا أفادت من تكنولوجيا المعلومات والاتصالات, إذ توافر هذه التكنولوجيا الكثير من ال

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 08 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Minimum Spanning Tree Algorithm for Skin Cancer Image Object Detection
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This paper proposes a new method Object Detection in Skin Cancer Image, the minimum
spanning tree Detection descriptor (MST). This ObjectDetection descriptor builds on the
structure of the minimum spanning tree constructed on the targettraining set of Skin Cancer
Images only. The Skin Cancer Image Detection of test objects relies on their distances to the
closest edge of thattree. Our experimentsshow that the Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) performs
especially well in case of Fogginessimage problems and in highNoisespaces for Skin Cancer
Image.
The proposed method of Object Detection Skin Cancer Image wasimplemented and tested on
different Skin Cancer Images. We obtained very good results . The experiment showed that

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