A design of a Fabry -Perot  interferometer system was constructed

to determine the precise value of the wavelength which is required in spectml studies depending on varying medium pressure where the refractive  index  was a  function  of  pressure  at  a  constant  distance between  the  two  mirrors by  using a Hc-Ne  laser (632.8)  tun as  a coherent source .

The (fmee) (t) and the coefficient of finesses (F) and the visbility

of the fringes (V) has been calculated  . Image processing \\•as used and   its  result   can   be   relied   on   verifying&nbsp

      This work addressed the assignment problem (AP) based on fuzzy costs, where the objective, in this study, is to minimize the cost. A triangular, or trapezoidal, fuzzy numbers were assigned for each fuzzy cost. In addition, the assignment models were applied on linguistic variables which were initially converted to quantitative fuzzy data by using the Yager’sorankingi method. The paper results have showed that the quantitative date have a considerable effect when considered in fuzzy-mathematic models.

Many oil and gas processes, including oil recovery, oil transportation, and petroleum processing, are negatively impacted by the precipitation and deposition of asphaltene. Screening methods for determining the stability of asphaltenes in crude oil have been developed due to the high cost of remediating asphaltene deposition in crude oil production and processing. The colloidal instability index, the Asphaltene-resin ratio, the De Boer plot, and the modified colloidal instability index were used to predict the stability of asphaltene in crude oil in this study. The screening approaches were investigated in detail, as done for the experimental results obtained from them. The factors regulating the asphaltene precipitation are different fr

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     This paper introduces a relation between resultant and the Jacobian determinant
by generalizing Sakkalis theorem from two polynomials in two variables to the case of (n) polynomials in (n) variables. This leads us to study the results of the type:  ,            and use this relation to attack the Jacobian problem. The last section shows our contribution to proving the conjecture.

Summary
On one hand, laser medical systems are very useful in several medical fields. They are used for diagnosis and treatment. In addition, they are used in medical researches.
On the other hand, laser hazards may cause irreversible injuries, especially eye injuries. Therefore the safe use of medical laser systems is very important to protect the laser
operators who are always exposed to laser hazards, and also to protect patients treated by medical laser. This academic research was designed to achieve the safe use of laser medical systems in Iraqi hospitals by:
a- Knowing the basic laser concepts. 
b- Concentrating on the responsibilities of the medical st

The study of petroleum systems by using the PetroMoD 1D software is one of the most prominent ways to reduce risks in the exploration of oil and gas by ensuring the existence of hydrocarbons before drilling.

     The petroleum system model was designed for Dima-1 well by inserting several parameters into the software, which included the stratigraphic succession of the formations penetrating the well, the depths of the upper parts of these formations, and the thickness of each formation. In addition, other related parameters were investigated, such as lithology, geological age, periods of sedimentation, periods of erosion or non-deposition, nature of units (source or reservoir rocks), total organic carbon (TOC)