The goal of this paper is to design a robust controller for controlling a pendulum
system. The control of nonlinear systems is a common problem that is facing the researchers in control systems design. The Sliding Mode Controller (SMC) is the best solution for controlling a nonlinear system. The classical SMC consists from two phases. The first phase is the reaching phase and the second is the sliding phase. The SMC suffers from the chattering phenomenon which is considered as a severe problem and undesirable property. It is a zigzag motion along the switching surface. In this paper, the chattering is reduced by using a saturation function instead of sign function. In spite of SMC is a good method for controlling a nonlinear system but it still suffers from long settling time which is considered as undesired property. The Integral Sliding Mode controller (ISMC) can be used to reduce the settling time. Also, the ISMC is a good method for controlling a nonlinear systems. ISMC is simple, has a high performance and can be considered as an effective and powerful technique. In ISMC method, the reaching phaseis eliminated which considered a main part in designing classical SMC. The important property of the ISMC as well as the Classical Sliding Mode Controller (CSMC),is the ability to make the systems asymptotically stable. The pendulum system was used for testing the CSMC and ISMC. The results obtained from the simulation showed the advantages of using the ISMC when comparied with the CSMC. Finally, MATLAB software package was adopted in this paper.
In this paper, the exact solutions of the Schlömilch’s integral equation and its linear and non-linear generalized formulas with application are solved by using two efficient iterative methods. The Schlömilch’s integral equations have many applications in atmospheric, terrestrial physics and ionospheric problems. They describe the density profile of electrons from the ionospheric for awry occurrence of the quasi-transverse approximations. The paper aims to discuss these issues.
First, the authors apply a regularization meth
Simplification of new fashion design methods
There is a variety of artificial foot designs variable for use with prosthetic legs . Most of the design can be divided into two classes, articulated and non-articulated feet. one common non-articulated foot is the SACH . The solid ankle cushion heel foot referred to as the SACH foot has a rigid keel .
One key or the key factor in designing a new prosthesis is in the analysis of a patients response .
This view is the most important because if the foot does not provide functional , practical or cosmetically acceptable characteristics the patient will not feel comfortable with the prosthesis , therefore design and manufacturing a new foot is essential, this foot made from polyethylene, its different shape and characte
... Show MoreAddresses current research to the subject of metaphor as a field important in the design of industrial product, so it was a problem search: Does industrial product which is designed mainly to reflect the principle of metaphor role in receiving, and how the application of mechanisms theory correct as stipulated in institutions metaphor properly for this orientation in achieving those metaphors. What are the relations of reciprocity that influenced the establishment of the design and construction of the system for industrial product, the objectives of the research were standing on the interactive nature of the relations between the metaphor and the process of industrial product design? And identify strengths and weaknesses in the processes
... Show MoreIn this paper the modified trapezoidal rule is presented for solving Volterra linear Integral Equations (V.I.E) of the second kind and we noticed that this procedure is effective in solving the equations. Two examples are given with their comparison tables to answer the validity of the procedure.
In this work the design and construction of optical pumping system was presented. The parameters of the pumping source to obtain discharge current density sufficient to shift the flash lamp spectrum towards uv portion of spectrum were measured.The current density was supplied to the flash lamp must be greater than 4000Amp./cm2 to obtain the spectral range wavelength lies between 0.2 and 0.35?m. The current density was obtained by a capacitor 50?F, at 7KV discharge voltage. The applied electrical energy to the flash lamp was more than 1200 J, and the current density was around 5000 Amp./cm2.The electrical parameters of the flash lamp were calculated. The impedance parameters(K0) from the voltage and the peak current pulse was measured in ran
... Show MoreAbstract:
One of the important things provided by fuzzy model is to identify the membership functions. In the fuzzy reliability applications with failure functions of the kind who cares that deals with positive variables .There are many types of membership functions studied by many researchers, including triangular membership function, trapezoidal membership function and bell-shaped membership function. In I research we used beta function. Based on this paper study classical method to obtain estimation fuzzy reliability function for both series and parallel systems.
The current research dealt with the development of sciences and arts over the course of human history, and the development of sciences with their natural and human trends are important areas in developing the knowledge and application base for industrial product design and design in its various fields. Bionic science is one of the sciences that works on applying biological methods and systems found in nature to study and design engineering systems and modern technology, and for industrial products to be highly efficient, durable and resistant to natural variables in daily life for use. The transfer of technology between life forms and industrial products is desirable because the processes of development at the level of science in general
... Show MoreThis paper proposes feedback linearization control (FBLC) based on function approximation technique (FAT) to regulate the vibrational motion of a smart thin plate considering the effect of axial stretching. The FBLC includes designing a nonlinear control law for the stabilization of the target dynamic system while the closedloop dynamics are linear with ensured stability. The objective of the FAT is to estimate the cubic nonlinear restoring force vector using the linear parameterization of weighting and orthogonal basis function matrices. Orthogonal Chebyshev polynomials are used as strong approximators for adaptive schemes. The proposed control architecture is applied to a thin plate with a large deflection that stimulates the axial loadin
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