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alkej-282
Multi-Dimensional Angle of Arrival Estimation by Circular Phased Adaptive Array Antennas
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In this paper the use of a circular array antenna with adaptive system in conjunction with modified Linearly Constrained Minimum Variance Beam forming (LCMVB) algorithm is proposed to meet the requirement of Angle of Arrival (AOA) estimation in 2-D as well as the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of estimated sources (Three Dimensional 3-D estimation), rather than interference cancelation as it is used for. The proposed system was simulated, tested and compared with the modified Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) technique for 2-D estimation. The results show the system has exhibited astonishing results for simultaneously estimating 3-D parameters with accuracy approximately equivalent to the MUSIC technique (for estimating elevation and azimuth angles), and it has privilege to estimate SNR for sources which are under the estimation process.

Finally, the proposed system needs less computational time and hardware complexity when it is compared with Eigen value decomposition techniques used by MUSIC technique. Also, it has cost effectiveness with respect to (3-D) active detecting means such as radars.

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Fuzzy Convergence Sequence and Fuzzy Compact Operators on Standard Fuzzy Normed Spaces
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The main purpose of this work is to introduce some types of fuzzy convergence sequences of operators defined on a standard fuzzy normed space (SFN-spaces) and investigate some properties and relationships between these concepts. Firstly, the definition of weak fuzzy convergence sequence in terms of fuzzy bounded linear functional is given. Then the notions of weakly and strongly fuzzy convergence sequences of operators  are introduced and essential theorems related to these concepts are proved. In particular, if ( ) is a strongly fuzzy convergent sequence with a limit  where linear operator from complete standard fuzzy normed space  into a standard fuzzy normed space  then  belongs to the set of all fuzzy bounded linear operators

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 12 2011
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
An algorithm for binary codebook design based on the average bitmap replacement error (ABPRE)
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In this paper, an algorithm for binary codebook design has been used in vector quantization technique, which is used to improve the acceptability of the absolute moment block truncation coding (AMBTC) method. Vector quantization (VQ) method is used to compress the bitmap (the output proposed from the first method (AMBTC)). In this paper, the binary codebook can be engender for many images depending on randomly chosen to the code vectors from a set of binary images vectors, and this codebook is then used to compress all bitmaps of these images. The chosen of the bitmap of image in order to compress it by using this codebook based on the criterion of the average bitmap replacement error (ABPRE). This paper is suitable to reduce bit rates

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 12 2011
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Development Binary Search Algorithm
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There are many methods of searching large amount of data to find one particular piece of information. Such as find name of person in record of mobile. Certain methods of organizing data make the search process more efficient the objective of these methods is to find the element with least cost (least time). Binary search algorithm is faster than sequential and other commonly used search algorithms. This research develops binary search algorithm by using new structure called Triple, structure in this structure data are represented as triple. It consists of three locations (1-Top, 2-Left, and 3-Right) Binary search algorithm divide the search interval in half, this process makes the maximum number of comparisons (Average case com

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 15 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Interdisciplinary Mathematics
Nano M. and nano IM. sets in nano topological spaces
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studied, and its important properties and relationship with both closed and open Nano sets were investigated. The new Nano sets were linked to the concept of Nano ideal, the development of nano ideal mildly closed set and it has been studied its properties. In addition to the applied aspect of the research, a sample was taken from patients infected with viral hepatitis, and by examining the infected people and using closed and open (nano mildly. and nano ideal mildly) sets, the important symptoms that constitute the core of this dangerous examining the infected people and using closed and open (nano mildly. and nano ideal mildly) sets, the important symptoms that constitute the core of this dangerous disease.

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 16 2019
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Approximaitly Semi-Prime Submodules and Some Related Concepts
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    We introduce in this paper the concept of approximaitly semi-prime submodules of unitary left -module  over a commutative ring  with identity as a generalization of a prime submodules and semi-prime submodules, also generalization of quasi-prime submodules and approximaitly prime submodules. Various basic properties of an approximaitly semi-prime submodules are discussed, where a proper submodule  of an -module  is called an approximaitly semi-prime submodule of  , if whenever , where ,  and , implies that . Furthermore the behaviors of approximaitly semi-prime submodule in some classes of modules are studied. On the other hand several characterizations of this concept are

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 16 2019
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Pseudo Primary-2-Absorbing Submodules and Some Related Concepts
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      Let  be a commutative ring with identity. The aim of this paper is introduce the notion of a pseudo primary-2-absorbing submodule as generalization of 2-absorbing submodule and a pseudo-2-absorbing submodules. A proper submodule  of an -module  is called pseudo primary-2-absorbing if whenever , for , , implies that either                  or  or . Many basic properties, examples and characterizations of these concepts are given. Furthermore, characterizations of pseudo primary-2-absorbing submodules in some classes of modules are introduced. Moreover, the behavior of a pseudo primary-2-absorbing submodul

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 20 2020
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Fuzzy Semimaximal Submodules
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     Let R be a commutative ring with unity and an R-submodule N is called semimaximal if and only if

 the sufficient conditions of F-submodules to be semimaximal .Also the concepts of (simple , semisimple) F- submodules and quotient F- modules are  introduced and given some  properties .

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 30 2014
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Anal Fissure: Is it becoming a medical disorder?
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An anal fissure which does not heal with conservative measures as sits baths and laxatives is a chronic anal fissure. Physiologically, it is the high resting tone of the internal anal sphincter that chiefly interferes with the healing process of these fissures. Until now, the gold standard treatment modality is surgery, either digital anal dilatation or lateral sphincterotomy. However, concerns have been raised about the incidence of faecal incontinence after surgery. Therefore, pharmacological means to treat chronic anal fissures have been explored.A Medline and pub med database search from 1986-2012 was conducted to perform a literature search for articles relating to the non-surgical treatment of chronic anal fissure.Pharmacological s

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 30 2014
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Anal Fissure: Is it becoming a medical disorder? Review Article
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An anal fissure which does not heal with conservative measures as sits baths and laxatives is a chronic anal fissure. Physiologically, it is the high resting tone of the internal anal sphincter that chiefly interferes with the healing process of these fissures. Until now, the gold standard treatment modality is surgery, either digital anal dilatation or lateral sphincterotomy. However, concerns have been raised about the incidence of faecal incontinence after surgery. Therefore, pharmacological means to treat chronic anal fissures have been explored. A Medline and pub med database search from 1986-2012 was conducted to perform a literature search for articles relating to the non-surgical treatment of chronic anal fissure. Pharmacological

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 30 2014
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Anal Fissure: Is it becoming a medical disorder?
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An anal fissure which does not heal with conservative measures as sits baths and laxatives is a chronic anal fissure. Physiologically, it is the high resting tone of the internal anal sphincter that chiefly interferes with the healing process of these fissures. Until now, the gold standard treatment modality is surgery, either digital anal dilatation or lateral sphincterotomy. However, concerns have been raised about the incidence of faecal incontinence after surgery. Therefore, pharmacological means to treat chronic anal fissures have been explored.A Medline and pub med database search from 1986-2012 was conducted to perform a literature search for articles relating to the non-surgical treatment of chronic anal fissure.Pharmacological s

... Show More
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