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Catalytic Cracking of Iraqi Vacuum Gasoil Using Large and Medium Pore Size of Zeolite Catalysts
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Abstract 

The catalytic cracking conversion of Iraqi vacuum gas oil was studied on large and medium pore size (HY, HX, ZSM-22 and ZSM-11) of zeolite catalysts. These catalysts were prepared locally and used in the present work. The catalytic conversion performed on a continuous fixed-bed laboratory reaction unit. Experiments were performed in the temperature range of 673 to 823K, pressure range of 3 to 15bar, and LHSV range of 0.5-3h-1. The results show that the catalytic conversion of vacuum gas oil increases with increase in reaction temperature and decreases with increase in LHSV. The catalytic activity for the proposed catalysts arranged in the following order:

HY>HX>ZSM-11>ZSM-22

The product distribution depends greatly on the temperature and on the catalyst type. A higher hydrocarbon yields was obtained for HY zeolite catalyst. The selectivity towards high octane number compounds for the proposed catalysts are arranged in the following order:

HY>HX>ZSM-11>ZSM-22The cracking conversion is improved by increasing reaction pressure up to 15 bar. The simulated experiments of the catalytic cracking process show that the higher conversion and more desired products can be achieved to conventional feeds.

Keywords: catalytic cracking, vacuum gas oil, Zeolite, HY, HX, ZSM-11, ZSM-22.

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 29 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Chicago School in Urban Sociology: A Socio-Historical Approach on the Pragmatic Thought Influence as a Theoretical Frame of Reference in it-1892-2020
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The present theoretical study analyzes the legacy of the Chicago School of Urban Sociology and evaluates it in the light of the growth and development of Chicago City and the establishment of sociology in it. Sociology has become an academic discipline recognized in the United States of America in the late nineteenth century, particularly, after the establishment of the first department of sociology in the University of Chicago in 1892. That was during the period of the rapid industrialization and sustainable growth of the Chicago City. The Chicago School relied on Chicago City in particular, as one of the American cities that grew and expanded rapidly in the first two decades of the twentieth century. At the end of the nineteenth centur

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 01 2021
The spontaneous emission performance of a quantum emitter coupled to a hybrid plasmonic waveguide with specified output polarization for on-chip plasmonic single-photon source
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Publication Date
Mon Jan 02 2023
Journal Name
Res Militaris
Rehabilitation program for treatment Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylalgia) suffered by the players of Al-Rafidain Sports Club for Tennis League three players in Diyala province
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Abstract Lateral Epicondylitis (LE) which has been referred to as the Tennis Elbow as well is a lesion affecting common tendinous origins of wrist extensors due to chronic overuse injury that results in damaging common extensor tendons which join forearm extensor muscles to humerus. The aim of the present evidence-based clinical statement is reviewing scientific evidences for efficacy of a variety of the rehabilitation methods, chronic lateral epicondylitis management. It is focused upon treating chronic lateral epicondylitis and the latest developments in physiotherapy area for managing chronic lateral epicondylitis. Due to the fact that primary physical impairments in the LE are decreased is the strength of the grip, fundamentally due to

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 06 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Effectiveness of an Instructional Program on Patientsꞌ Knowledge about Home Safety While Receiving Anti -Cancer Medications at Al- Karama Teaching Hospital in Al-Kut City
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Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of the instructional program on patients’ knowledge about home safety while receiving anti-cancer treatment at  Al- Karama Teaching Hospital in Al-Kut City.

Methodology:   A quasi-experimental design is conducted through the application of a pre-test and post-test approach for the study and control groups from February 5th, 2020 to April 25th, 2020. A non–probability (purposive) sample of (50) patients treated at the Blood Disease and Oncology Center is selected and divided into two groups. Each group contains (25) patients as control and study groups. An instrument is constructed that is comprised of two parts; t

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Publication Date
Tue Jul 01 2008
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum (p-issn: 1017-8678 , E-issn: 2311-9799)
TESTING THE EFFICACY OF SOME METHODS RECOMMENDED ABROAD FOR CONTROLLING THE ORIENTAL HORNET, VESPA ORIENTALIS L., ATTACKING HONEY BEE, APIS MELLIFERA L., COLONIES IN IRAQ
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Some methods recommended abroad to control the oriental hornet, Vespa orientalis L., attacking the honey bee, Apis mellifera L., colonies were tested, with some modifications, for the first time under the Iraqi conditions. One of these methods was carried out by covering the hive entrance with a piece of queen excluder to prevent the hornet from entering the hive. Also, the position of hive stand was reversed to deprive the hornet from using the flight board as a stage for waiting and creeping toward the defending bees. The second method was carried out by fixing a cardboard cone as a bee passage at the hive entrance to hinder the entry of the hornet into the hive. Both of these methods were found to be unsuccessful to

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 28 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
the role of Green Human Resources Management Practices in strengthening the Strategic Positioning An Analytical Research on Leaders opinion in the Nongovernmental Hospitals in Erbil
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This research is seeks to state the role of Green Human Resources Management Practices and their dimensions (Green Employment and Selection, Green Performance Assessment, Green Training & Development and Green Compensation and Stimulation Systems) in strengthening the Strategic Positioning in the Nongovernmental Hospitals in Erbil city, and aims to analyze the relationship between Green Human Resources Management Practices and Strategic Positioning and to show the impact of Green Human Resources Management Practices in determining the Strategic Position.

            It is depended on a questionnaire as key tools for achieving data, as designed on

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 30 2023
Journal Name
Basrah Journal Of Surgery
Can Hyaluronic acid gel enhance wound healing faster than Advanced Platelets Rich Fibrin following surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars? A Randomized Controlled Trial
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Publication Date
Tue May 11 2021
Journal Name
Photonics And Nanostructures - Fundamentals And Applications
The spontaneous emission performance of a quantum emitter coupled to a hybrid plasmonic waveguide with specified output polarization for on-chip plasmonic single-photon source
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Nowadays, most of the on-chip plasmonic single-photon sources emit an unpolarized stream of single photons that demand a subsequent polarizer stage in a practical quantum cryptography system. In this paper, we numerically demonstrated the coupling of the light emitted from a quantum emitter (QE) at 700 nm wavelength to the propagation mode supported by an on-chip hybrid plasmonic waveguide (HPW) polarization rotator. Our results proved that the light emitted is linearly polarized at 0º, 45º/−45º, and 90º with propagation lengths of 5 μm, 3.3 μm, and 3.9 μm, respectively. Moreover, high power-conversion efficiency was obtained from an applied transverse magnetic (TM) mode (0º-polarization) to a transverse electric (TE) (90º-polari

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Publication Date
Mon May 27 2019
Journal Name
Al-academy
The Aesthetic Approaches to Dialectical Development in the Functions of Contemporary Theater Director ) Macbeth Play Directed by Salah al-Qasab a Model (: ثابت رسول جواد
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The current research studies the aesthetic framework for the dialectical development of the functions of the contemporary theater director in an aesthetic approach to the mechanisms of functional overlap between the dramaturgy and direction functions, and scenography and direction, the detection of the controversial structure of that overlap, and what can be summed up in the following question: (what are the aesthetic approaches of the dialectical development in the function of the contemporary theatre director?). The research is determined by a pivotal aim which is (knowing the aesthetic nature of the dialectical development in

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 09 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Gas Flow Formation in the Inertial Filtering (IF) Gas Separators Curvilinear Channels
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This paper deals with an up to date problem for oil and gas industry- separation of the gas -fluid fogs. Here is described the worked out physical model of the gas movement process in the sections of the inertial filtering (IF) gas separators. One can find the mathematical model for research of the fields of velocities and pressures in the inertial curvilinear channel. The main simplifications and assumptions are explained. This mathematical model has been made using mathematical program Maple and it is received the 3-d graphic of the distribution componential speed parts in the channel and also 2-d graphics at the channel sectional view when the flow is flat. The new method for gas - fluid systems separation is suggested.

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