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Energy Saving of Heat Gain by Using Buried Pipe Inside a Roof
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Abstract

    This work deals with a numerical investigation to evaluate the utilization of a water pipe buried inside a roof to reduce the heat gain and minimize the transmission of heat energy inside the conditioning space in summer season.     The numerical results of this paper showed that the reduction in heat gain and energy saving could be occurred with specific values of parameters, like the number of pipes per square meter, the ratio of pipe diameter to the roof thickness, and the pipe inlet water temperature. Comparing with a normal roof (without pipes), the results indicated a significant reduction in energy heat gain which is about 37.8% when the number of pipes per meter of roof length is 3.0 , the ratio of pipe diameter to the wall thickness (D/W) is 0.20, and the water inlet temperature is 30°C, while the minimum ratio of reduction 24% is achieved when the number of pipes per meter, the ratio of pipe diameter to the wall thickness, and the water inlet temperature are 27, 30 and 33 °C, respectively. The results also showed that there is a very small effect of pipe centre position inside the wall on the final heat transmission.

Keyword: Water pipe, Roof heat gain, Solar-air temperature.

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 07 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Determination of the Cardiac Patients Knowledge toward Using Anticoagulant Medications at Missan Governorate Hospitals
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Objective- the study aim to determine the cardiac patient knowledge about anticoagulant medications using and its relationship with demographic data(age. gender. level of education. occupational). Methodology- A descriptive study(quasi-experimental)design was carried out to determine cardiac patient knowledge consider to using anticoagulant medications . Starting from(1th Jun 2017 to5th October 2018).To achieve the objectives of the study, a non-probability sample (a purposive sample) consisted of random sample comprised of (30) patients were taken anticoagulant medications ..The measurement of patient knowledge were collected through the use of questionnaire which is related to patient knowledge toward using the anticoagulant medication

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 07 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Evaluation of the Hardness of Cold Cured Acrylic Resin Material by Processing at Different Temperature
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Objective(s): This study aims to evaluate the hardness of two commercially available cold cured acrylic resin material
(Vertex and PAN) when polymerized at different temperature in comparison to those polymerized by conventional
methods in air at 23C ± 5C.
Methodology: Eighty specimens, forty from cold cured acrylic (Vertex Type) and forty from cold cured acrylic (PAN
type) were prepared, flasking and packing procedure were done according to manufacturer direction and divided
according to processing as follow: 20 specimens (10 from Vertex type and 10 from PAN type) were processed in air for
two hours at 23C ± 5C under press (bench curing) as a control, and 60 specimens (30 from Vertex type and 30 from
PAN type) wer

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 24 2018
Journal Name
Chemistry Of Materials
Oxidant or Catalyst for Oxidation? A Study of How Structure and Disorder Change the Selectivity for Direct versus Catalytic Oxidation Mediated by Manganese(III,IV) Oxides
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Structure type and disorder have become important questions in catalyst design, with the most active catalysts often noted to be “disordered” or “amorphous” in nature. To quantify the effects of disorder and structure type systematically, a test set of manganese(III,IV) oxides was developed and their reactivity as oxidants and catalysts tested against three substrates: methylene blue, hydrogen peroxide, and water. We find that disorder destabilizes the materialsthermodynamically, making them stronger chemical oxidantsbut not necessarily better catalysts. For the disproportionation of H2O2 and the oxidative decomposition of methylene blue, MnOx-mediated direct oxidation competes with catalytically mediated oxidation, making the most

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 20 2026
Journal Name
University Of Anbar Sport And Physical Education Sciences
Anxiety and its relationship to the performance of the front hand hop followed by an anterior spherical flip with a half lap on the jumping platform
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Publication Date
Tue Jul 01 2014
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum (p-issn: 1017-8678 , E-issn: 2311-9799)
A DESCRIPTION STUDY OF TWO LOCAL FISH HIMRI CARASOBARBUS LUTEUS (Heckel, 1843)(CYPRINIFORMES: CYPRINIDAE) AND HISHNI LIZA ABU (Heckel, 1843) (MUGILOIDEI : MUGILIDAE) BY BONES STAINING METHOD
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    Two local fish Himri Carasobarbus luteus (Heckel, 1843)  and Hishni Liza abu (Heckel, 1843) were stained with Alizarin Red and featured some anatomical qualities which cleared the difference of the muscular and skeletal fabric for each fish. Since clear Histologic differences appeared in these two species, it was intended from this study the possibility of adopting a diagnosis between local fish species by staining bones and tissues.

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 29 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Electrosorption of Hexavalent Chromium Ions by MnO2/Carbon Fiber Composite Electrode: Analysis and Optimization of the Process by Box-Behnken Design
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A nano manganese dioxide (MnO2) was electrodeposited galvanostatically onto a carbon fiber (CF) surface using the simple method of anodic electrodeposition. The composite electrode was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Very few studies investigated the efficiency of this electrode for heavy metals removal, especially chromium. The electrosorption properties of the nano MnO2/CF electrode were examined by removing Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solutions. NaCl concentration, pH, and cell voltage were studied and optimized using the Box-Behnken design (BDD) to investigate their effects and interactions on the electrosorption process. The results showed that the

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 11 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Investigation of cytotoxic activity and dissolution improvement of Teniposide by incorporation into acid treated carbon nanotube and dispersed by hydrophilic polymer
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Single Walled Carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), as nano-needle structures, are good candidates as nanocarrier delivery systems that carry drug to the site of action. They are good due to their unique pharmaceutical properties. Teniposide is an anticancer drug, which is widely used, but it has a problem of low solubility. In this study, to improve the properties of carbon nanotubes, pre-functionalization of carbon nanotubes via carboxylation with strong acids has been performed and then functionalized through attaching them to the polymer and copolymer. Concurrently, a proper polymer-copolymer combination has been selected by the UV-Visible spectrometer at 880nm. It is selected based on the qualitative dispersibility analysis, the visual observa

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 13 2011
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
Evaluation of Low Level Laser Therapy Using Diode Laser in Enhancement of Episiotomy Wound Healing
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we studied the effect of low level laser therapy (LLLT) using diode laser with wavelength of (790-805) nm in promotion and enhancement of wound healing of episiotomy and to evaluate the analgesic effect of LLLT in reducing the pain sensation caused by the episiotomy wounds. Nineteen women with episiotomy wound were selected and divided into three groups; 1st group (group No.1: control group) given antibiotics without laser therapy, in the 2nd group (group No.2) the wounds were exposed to laser therapy (4 sessions, each session with energy density of 19.90 J /cm2 every other day ) and systemic antibiotics were prescribed for 1 week. In the 3rd group (group No.3) the wounds were exposed to laser therapy (4 sessions, the same as in the 2nd

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 18 2018
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The Pressures Affecting the Performance of Iraqi Media before the Legislative Elections of 2018 (Iraqi Satellite News Channel- as a Model): A Survey Study  Dr.Safad Husam Hammody
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The modernity of election practices of the elections in Iraq, according to the democratic approach, has led to a struggle between political rival forces reflecting a deep pressure on the tools involved in the management, marketing or control of these elections across the general social level. Hence the problem of research resides in answering the following question: What is the nature and size of the pressures affecting the media performance of Al-Iraqia News channel before the legislative elections of 2018 in Iraq?
      The objectives of the research were the following:
1. to identify the nature of the pressures that limit the Al-Iraqia News channel’s perfo

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 21 2023
Journal Name
Mathematical Modelling Of Engineering Problems
Recovering Time-Dependent Coefficients in a Two-Dimensional Parabolic Equation Using Nonlocal Overspecified Conditions via ADE Finite Difference Schemes
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