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alkej-204
Experimental Study of the Effect of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) and Injection Timing on Emitted Emissions at Idle Period
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Abstract

Heavy-duty diesel vehicle idling consumes fossil fuel and reduces atmospheric quality at idle period, but its restriction cannot simply be proscribed. A comprehensive tailpipe emissions database to describe idling impacts is not yet available. This paper presents a substantial data set that incorporates results from DI multi-cylinders Fiat diesel engine. Idle emissions of CO, hydrocarbon (HC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), smoke opacity, carbon dioxide (CO2) and noise have been reported, when three EGR ratios (10, 20 and 30%) were added to suction manifold.

CO2 concentrations increased with increasing idle time and engine idle speed, but it didn’t show clear effect for IT advancing. CO concentrations increased for all the studied tests with adding EGR. HC concentration increased with idle time advance, but it reduced with increasing idle speed and advancing engine IT. NOx concentrations reduced with adding EGR for all the tested variables. NOx increased with increasing idle time, engine speed and advancing IT. Smoke opacity increased with increasing idle time and retarding IT. Using EGR increased opacity for all tested cases. EGR addition reduced engine noise for all tested cases. Engine noise increased with increasing idle time and retarding IT.

 

 

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 08 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Flow injection- Spectrophotometric determination of some catecholamine drugs
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A new spectrophotometric flow injection method has been establish for the determintaions of some catecholaminedrugs

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 31 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
EFFECT OF USING DIFFERENT LEVELS OF CAMEL FAT (HUMP FAT) ON PHYSIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SAUSAGE FROM BEEF CAMEL AND CHICKEN : EFFECT OF USING DIFFERENT LEVELS OF CAMEL FAT (HUMP FAT) ON PHYSIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SAUSAGE FROM BEEF CAMEL AND CHICKEN
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ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to determine the effect of various levels of hump fat (HF) used in manufacturing of camel, beef and chicken sausage to understand the effect of (HF) on physicochemical composition sausage, Different levels of hump fat (5, 7, and 10 %) were used, physicochemical compositions like (moisture, protein, fat, Ash, water holding capacity, shrinkage, cooking loss and pH) were determined. Results of the study revealed that moisture content showed high significant differences (P≤0.01)among treatments groups, Camel sausage and beef sausage tended to have highest values while chicken sausage reported the lowest value. The study showed no significant difference (P≤0.05) among the

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 19 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Effect of post-pressing times on adaptation of maxillary heat cured acrylic denture base at posterior palatal seal area
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Background: The purpose of this study was to verify the influence of post- pressing time of acrylic resin (immediate, 6, 12 and 24 hour) on the dimensional accuracy of denture base whish is a critical factor in the retention and stability of the complete denture that may occur during polymerization shrinkage. Materials and Methods: Forty maxillary stone casts were poured in plastic mold (Columbia Dentoform corp. NEW YORK, type III dental stone (Geastone, Zeus Sri Loc.Tamburine Roccastrada, GR, Italy). The stone casts were randomly assigned into 4 groups of 10 specimens each according to the post-pressing times into (immediate, 6, 12 and 24 h.). Heat cure acrylic resin denture base was constructed according to the previously mentioned pressi

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 01 2015
Journal Name
Energy Conversion And Management
A dynamic model and an experimental study for the internal air and soil temperatures in an innovative greenhouse
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An innovative greenhouse which integrates a conventional greenhouse with roof mounted solar air heaters is used in this investigation. This design reduces the solar radiation incoming to the greenhouse in summer which reduced the load and cost of greenhouse cooling and provides a means of solar heating. Experimental measurements of the internal air and internal soil sub-layer temperatures in the greenhouse, without crops, were performed in Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq (33.3 °N, 44.4 °E). Measurements were recorded for clear and partly cloudy winter days. A dynamic model was developed to predict the all internal temperatures of the greenhouse. This model includes soil surface heat exchange with the greenhouse air which was found to gi

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 09 2014
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Jour. For Pure & Appl. Sci.
Effect of Thickness on the Electrical Conductivity and Hall Effect Measurements of (CIGS) films
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The influence of different thickness (500, 1000, 1500, and 2000) nm on the electrical conductivity and Hall effect measurements have been investigated on the films of copper indium gallium selenide CuIn1-xGaxSe2 (CIGS) for x= 0.6.The films were produced using thermal evaporation technique on glass substrates at R.T from (CIGS) alloy. The electrical conductivity (σ), the activation energies (Ea1, Ea2), Hall mobility and the carrier concentration are investigated and calculated as function of thickness. All films contain two types of transport mechanisms of free carriers, and increases films thickness was fond to increase the electrical cAnductivity whereas the activation energy (Ea) would vary with films thickness. Hall Effect analysis resu

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 15 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
The Effect of Recipient Jaw and Implant Dimensions on Pre- and Post- Loading Dental Implant Stability: A Prospective Clinical Study
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Background: Implant stability is a mandatory factor for dental implant (DI) osseointegration and long-term success. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of implant length, diameter, and recipient jaw on the pre- and post-functional loading stability. Materials and methods: This study included 17 healthy patients with an age range of 24-61 years. Twenty-two DI were inserted into healed extraction sockets to replace missing tooth/ teeth in premolar and molar regions in upper and lower jaws. Implant stability was measured for each implant and was recorded as implant stability quotient (ISQ) immediately (ISQ0), and at 8 (ISQ8) and 12 (ISQ12) weeks postoperatively, as well as post-functional loading (ISQPFL). The pattern of implant

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2023
Journal Name
مجلة العلوم و التكنولوجية للنشاطات البدنية و الرياضية
The effect of the think, pair, and share strategy of using educational movies on learning jumping opened legs and closed legs skills on vault in artistic gymnastics for women
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The research aimed at identifying the effect of the think, pair, and share strategy by using educational movies on learning jumping opened legs and closed legs skills on vault in artistic gymnastics for women. It also aimed at identifying the group that learned better the skills understudy. The researcher used the experimental method on second-grade College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences female students. Twelve female students were selected from each of the two sections to form the subjects of the study. The main program was applied for eight weeks with one learning session per week. The data was collected and treated using SPSS to conclude that the think, pair, and share strategy and the traditional program have positive effects

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Study Impact of Some Factors on Daily Number of Hours Providing of Electricity in Baghdad City Using Path Analysis
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دُرِست العوامل المؤثرة في عدد ساعات تجهيز الكهرباء في مدينة بغداد، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (365) مشاهدة يومية لعام 2018، وتمثلت بستة متغيرات استعملت في الدراسة. كان الهدف الرئيس هو دراسة العلاقة بين هذه المتغيرات، وتقدير تأثيرات المتغيرات التنبؤية في المتغير التابع (عدد ساعات تجهيز الكهرباء في مدينة بغداد). ولتحقيق ذلك استعملت نمذجة المعادلات الهيكلية/ تحليل المسار وبرنامج AMOS

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 28 2025
Journal Name
Chemical Papers
New chemiluminometric method for the determination of azithromycin in a continuous flow injection analysis system
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A novel analytical method is developed for the determination of azithromycin. The method utilizes continuous flow injection analysis to enhance the chemiluminescence system of luminol, H2O2, and Cr(III). The method demonstrated a linear dynamic range of 0.001–100 mmol L-1 with a high correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9978, and 0.001–150 mmol L-1 with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9769 for the chemiluminescence emission versus azithromycin concentration. The limit of detection (L.O.D.) of the method was found to be 18.725 ng.50 µL−1 based on the stepwise dilution method for the lowest concentration within the linear dynamic range of the calibration graph. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D. %) for n = 6 was less than 1.2%

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 08 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
Effect of Laser Surface Modification on the Corrosion Resistance of Dental Alloys in Artificial Saliva Containing Alcoholic Beverages
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The objective of this study is to demonstrate the corrosion behavior of dental alloys Co-Cr-Mo, Ni-Cr-Mo and Ti-Al-V in artificial saliva at pH=4 and 37oC enriched with ethyl alcohol at 8% percentage. The linear and cyclic polarizations were investigated by electrochemical measurements. Laser surface modification was achieved for the three dental alloys to improve corrosion resistance. The results show that corrosion resistance of Co-Cr-Mo and Ni-Cr-Mo alloys only were increased after laser treatment due to the fact that laser radiation has caused a smoother surface, in addition to the decrement in corrosion current densities (icorr) for Co-Cr-Mo and Ni-Cr-Mo alloys and the reverse scan in cyclic polarization became in the wider range of

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