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Experimental Study of the Effect of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) and Injection Timing on Emitted Emissions at Idle Period
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Abstract

Heavy-duty diesel vehicle idling consumes fossil fuel and reduces atmospheric quality at idle period, but its restriction cannot simply be proscribed. A comprehensive tailpipe emissions database to describe idling impacts is not yet available. This paper presents a substantial data set that incorporates results from DI multi-cylinders Fiat diesel engine. Idle emissions of CO, hydrocarbon (HC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), smoke opacity, carbon dioxide (CO2) and noise have been reported, when three EGR ratios (10, 20 and 30%) were added to suction manifold.

CO2 concentrations increased with increasing idle time and engine idle speed, but it didn’t show clear effect for IT advancing. CO concentrations increased for all the studied tests with adding EGR. HC concentration increased with idle time advance, but it reduced with increasing idle speed and advancing engine IT. NOx concentrations reduced with adding EGR for all the tested variables. NOx increased with increasing idle time, engine speed and advancing IT. Smoke opacity increased with increasing idle time and retarding IT. Using EGR increased opacity for all tested cases. EGR addition reduced engine noise for all tested cases. Engine noise increased with increasing idle time and retarding IT.

 

 

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 28 2024
Journal Name
Bmc Medical Education
Pharmacy faculty experiences with student academic entitlement: a multinational study from the Arab world
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Abstract<p>Academic Entitlement (AE) is the expectation by students to receive high grades or preferential treatment without significant effort. Exploring AE from faculty perspective has not been investigated in Arab colleges of pharmacy. The aim of this study was to explore experiences and perceptions towards student AE among pharmacy faculty in the Arab World. A cross-sectional, self-administered, anonymous, electronic survey was sent to pharmacy faculty across pharmacy colleges in Arab countries. The survey collected demographic data, an AE measure including 17 items reflecting seven AE components, and faculty perceptions and perceived reasons for AE. A total of 345 responses were collected. The AE level wa</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Fri Apr 01 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Pharmacy Practice
Exploring job satisfaction among pharmacy professionals in the Arab world: a multi-country study
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Abstract<sec> <title>Objectives

The study objectives were to (1) describe the characteristics of the pharmacy professionals and (2) explore the association between job satisfaction and factors, such as work control, work stress, workload and organization and professional commitments.

Methods

This study was a cross-sectional design. The survey items were mainly adapted from the US National Pharmacist Workforce Survey. An electronic (Qualtrics) questionnaire was posted on pharmacist social media in several A

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Publication Date
Sun Aug 01 2021
Journal Name
Turkish Journal Of Physiotherapy And Rehabilitation
BUILDING AND RATIONING SCALE MANAGEMENT CONSTRAINTS OF E-LEARNING FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF TEACHING THE FACULTY OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF BAGHDAD
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Publication Date
Mon May 08 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Evaluation Of The Activity Of Aqueous And Alcoholic Extract And Essential Oil Of Eucalyptus incrassata Toward Some Biological Characteristics Of The Water Mold Saprolegnia ferax
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The study was conducted to evaluate the antifungal activity of the aqueous and
alcoholic extract and the essential oil of E. incrassata leaves toward some biological
characteristics of the water mold S. ferax. Chemical analysis of the plant leaves using HPLC
showed the content of several active compounds included 1,8-Cineole, Terpineal, Citronellal,
Phellendrene and Citiric acid.
Treatment of the fungus growing on solid media containing different concentrations of
the extracts showed significant gradual decrease in radial growth with the increasing
concentration, and the effect varied with the different extracts.
Treatment of the fungus grown in distilled water on sesame seeds with different
concentratio

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 24 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
A new mode for an on-line determination of Amiloride in pure and pharmaceutical preparation using CFIA with homemade Ayah 3SBGRx3- 3D solar cell microphtometer analyzer.
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A new, simple, accurate, fast and sensitive spectrophotometric method has been developed for the analysis of amiloride in pure and pharmaceutical formulations by continuous flow injection analysis. The method was based on the oxidation of the drug with Ce(IV)sulfate in acidic medium to formed a pinkish-red color species which determined using homemade Ayah 3SBGR x3-3D solar cell flow injection photometer. Optimum conditions were obtained using a high intensity green light emitted diode as a source. The linear dynamic range for the instrument response versus amiloride concentration was 0.0005- 10 mmol.L-1 while the L.O.D was of 9.471 ng / sample. The correlation coefficient (r) was 0.9824 while percentage linearity (r2%) was 96.50%. RSD%

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 02 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
A Criticism and study of “The Arabic translations of contemporary Persian novels” (“Translations of Muhammad Alauddin Mansour” as a model): قنقـــد و بررسی ترجمـــــه¬ی عربی رمــــان¬های معـــــاصر فــــارسی (ترجمه¬های محمد علاء الدین منصور- بررسی نمونه¬ای)
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     Arab translators have always paid great attention to the translation of the Persian literary genres, in particular, contemporary Iranian novels. They have always translated for the most prominent Iranian novelists such as Jalal Al Ahmad, Sadiq Hidayat, Mahmoud Dowlatabadi, Bozorg Alavi, Ismail Fasih‎, Houshang Golshiri, Gholam-Hossein Saedi, Simin Daneshvar, Sadiq Chubak, Samad Behrangi and others that have succeeded in perfectly picturing the Iranian society.

      Within the perspectives of Arab translators and by using the descriptive - analytical approach, the present study provides an analytical study of the translation into Arabic some of the modern Persian novels. Moreove

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 02 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of The Faculty Of Medical Baghdad
Comparative study between ultrasound findings and intra-operative in non-traumatic abdominal pain
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Publication Date
Wed Jan 13 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
MRI Probabilistic Neural Network Screening System: a benign and malignant recognition case study
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This work is aimed to design a system which is able to diagnose two types of tumors in a human brain (benign and malignant), using curvelet transform and probabilistic neural network. Our proposed method follows an approach in which the stages are preprocessing using Gaussian filter, segmentation using fuzzy c-means and feature extraction using curvelet transform. These features are trained and tested the probabilistic neural network. Curvelet transform is to extract the feature of MRI images. The proposed screening technique has successfully detected the brain cancer from MRI images of an almost 100% recognition rate accuracy.

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 01 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Agricultural Sciences
CORRELATION STUDY BETWEEN THREE DIFFERENT GENES EXPRESSION AND CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA IN IRAQ
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The following study was conducted to investigate the correlation between the expression of three different genes (NOB1, DDX47, CD101( with the occurrence and development of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in Iraq. The difference in the expression of these genes between patients and healthy controls was studied. Moreover the correlation of age and gender with CML occurrence and comparing with control was also examined. Results showed significant increases in mean of gene expression level (ΔCt) of patient groups for all genes compared to the corresponding ΔCt means in control group, also the gene expression folding (2-ΔΔCt) reflect significant differences in the expression of these genes and CD101, mRNA showed the highest level in CML pati

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 07 2010
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial activity Study Via some new Schiff bases for Trimethoprim
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This search reports the synthesis of some new series of Schiff base compounds for trimetheprim derivatives which known high been known as a medicinal effectiveness. Trimetheprim was condensed with several substituted aldehydes compounds.(4-dimethyl amine benzaldehyde , propanal , salicaldehyde, 2.4 dimethoxy benzaldehyde and 4- methyl benzaldehyde) to obtain Schiff base products(1a-5a) and several substituted ketones compound (4-aminoacetophenone,4-chloroacetophenone, isobutyleketone, acetylacetone and acetophenone) to obtain Schiff base products(6b-10b) in ethanol in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid as a catalyst to yield the Schiff base. The structure of synthesized compounds has been established on the basis of their Chemical

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