Preferred Language
Articles
/
alkej-190
Prediction of Reaction Kinetic of Al- Doura Heavy Naphtha Reforming Process Using Genetic Algorithm
...Show More Authors

In this study, genetic algorithm was used to predict the reaction kinetics of Iraqi heavy naphtha catalytic reforming process located in Al-Doura refinery in Baghdad.  One-dimensional steady state model was derived to describe commercial catalytic reforming unit consisting of four catalytic reforming reactors in series process.

The experimental information (Reformate composition and output temperature) for each four reactors collected at different operating conditions was used to predict the parameters of the proposed kinetic model. The kinetic model involving 24 components, 1 to 11 carbon atoms for paraffins and 6 to 11 carbon atom for naphthenes and aromatics with 71 reactions. The pre-exponential Arrhenius constants and activation energies were determined after fine tuning of the model results with experimental data. The input to the optimization is the compositions for 21 components and the temperature for the effluent stream for each one of the four reactors within the reforming process while the output of optimization is 142 predicted kinetic parameters for 71 reactions within reforming process.  The differential optimization technique using genetic algorithm to predict the parameters of the kinetic model.

To validate the kinetic model, the simulation results of the model based on proposed kinetic model was compared with the experimental results. The comparison between the predicted and commercially results shows a good agreement, while the percentage of absolute error for aromatics compositions are (7.5, 2, 8.3, and 6.1%) and the temperature absolute percentage error are (0.49, 0.5, 0.01, and 0.3%) for four reactors respectively.   

View Publication Preview PDF
Quick Preview PDF
Publication Date
Mon Apr 09 2018
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Study the Effect of Forming Media on the Hydroforming Process for Copper Tube
...Show More Authors

To observe the effect of media of the internal pressure on the equivalent stress distribution in the tube, an experimental study is done by constructing a testing rig to apply the hydraulic pressure and three dies are manufactured with different bulging configurations (square, cosine, and conical). In the other part, ANSYS APDL is generated to analyze the bulging process with hydraulic and rubber (natural and industrial) media. It was found that when the media is a rubber, the stress is decreased about 9.068% in case of cosine die and 5.4439% in case of conical die and 2.8544% in case of square die. So, it can be concluded that the internal pressure in the rubber media is much better than in hydraulic media. Also, the force needed for fo

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Tue Aug 20 2019
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The role of religious references in the reformation process in Iraq after 2003
...Show More Authors

The Shiite religious authority in Iraq has played an active and vital role over its long history in promoting values of tolerance, rejecting extremism, advocating unity and confronting external challenges. This role has increased significantly after 2003 as a result of the great challenges that have passed in Iraq. Despite its clear policy of non-interference in political matters, except in cases of necessity, but the great role it played in maintaining national unity and advocating the rejection of extremism and sectarianism has made it a necessary need in Iraq to confront any deviations, dispersions or threats that affect society and the state. Therefore, its role in the process of reform was prominent on the political level by calling

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2011
Journal Name
College Of Engineering Journal
Study the Effect of Cutting Conditions for turning process on the Machined Surface
...Show More Authors

Surfaces quality is one of the most specified customer requirements for machine parts. The major indication of surfaces quality on machined parts is surface roughness. The research aim is to study the cutting conditions and their effects on the surface roughness. This paper utilizes regression models to predict surface roughness over the machining time for variety of cutting conditions in turning. In the experimental part for turning, different types of materials (Aluminum alloy, Copper alloy, and Gray cast iron) were considered with different cutting speed ( ) and feed rate ( ). A mathematical Model depending on statistical-mathematical method between surface roughness (Rz ) and cutting condition ( , ) were derived, for the three materials

... Show More
Publication Date
Fri Sep 08 2023
Journal Name
Hammurabi Journal For Studies
The Impact of the Political Process on Government Stability in Iraq After 2003
...Show More Authors

The research in the variables of the political process and government stability tried to show the impact of the political process on political stability first, and then on government stability second, given that the political process that was established in 2005 was aimed at achieving legitimacy, and its most prominent tools are elections, leading to achieving political stability, including government stability. The issue of governmental stability is one of the important issues in Iraq, but it has not been achieved, as a result of several factors, including problems in political action, as the political process has not succeeded in leading Iraq to stability.

View Publication Preview PDF
Publication Date
Tue Sep 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Private investment and its role in the process of economic reform in Iraq
...Show More Authors

بعد ثورة تموز عام 1958في العراق, لم يكن يسمح للقطاع الخاص بأن تكون له استثمارات كبيرة في القطاعات الاقتصادية. وذلك بسبب الإيديولوجيات التي كانت تؤطر الفكر السياسي. حيث كان النهج الاشتراكي هو الغالب في إدارة الأنشطة الاقتصادية. إذ قامت الدولة بتأميم معظم الاستثمارات الخاصة الكبيرة ،لاس

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Wed Jan 28 2015
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Thermal Field Analysis of Oblique Machining Process with Infrared Image for AA6063-T6
...Show More Authors

Abstract

 Metal cutting processes still represent the largest class of manufacturing operations. Turning is the most commonly employed material removal process. This research focuses on analysis of the thermal field of the oblique machining process. Finite element method (FEM) software DEFORM 3D V10.2 was used together with experimental work carried out using infrared image equipment, which include both hardware and software simulations. The thermal experiments are conducted with AA6063-T6, using different tool obliquity, cutting speeds and feed rates. The results show that the temperature relatively decreased when tool obliquity increases at different cutting speeds and feed rates, also it

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Publication Date
Sun May 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Production of Methyl Ester (Biodiesel) from Used Cooking Oils via Trans-esterification process
...Show More Authors

Used cooking oil was undergoing trans-esterification reaction to produce biodiesel fuel. Method of production consisted of pretreatment steps, trans-esterification, separation, washing and drying. Trans-esterification of treated oils was studied at different operation conditions, the methanol to oil mole ratio were 6:1, 8:1, 10:1, and 12:1, at different temperature 30, 40, 50, and 60 º C, reaction time 40, 60, 80, and 120 minutes, amount of catalyst 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 wt.% based on oil and mixing speed 400 rpm. The maximum yield of biodiesel was 91.68 wt.% for treated oils obtained by trans-esterification reaction with 10:1 methanol to oil mole ratio, 60 º C reaction temperature, 80 minute reactio

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Publication Date
Tue Sep 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Determine the optimal decision in the process of production planning usingDynamic programming style
...Show More Authors

The operation of production planning is a difficult operation and it's required High effect and large time especially it is dynamic activity which it's basic variables change in continuous with the time, for this reason it needs using one of the operation research manner (Dynamic programming) which has a force in the decision making process in the planning and control on the production and its direct affect on the cost of production operation and control on the inventory.

View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Fri Sep 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Mathematical Modeling of a Hollow Fiber Module Used in Pressure-Retarded Osmosis Process
...Show More Authors

   Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) can be considered as one of the methods for utilizing osmotic power, which is a membrane-based technology. Mathematical modeling plays an essential part in the development and optimization of PRO energy-generating systems. In this research, a mathematical model was developed for the hollow fiber module to predict the power density and the permeate water flux theoretically. Sodium chloride solution was employed as the feed and draw solution. Different operating parameters, draw solution concentration (1 and 2 M), the flow rate of draw solution (2, 3, and 4 L/min), and applied hydraulic pressure difference (0 - 90 bar) was used to evaluate the performance of PRO process of a hollow fiber module. The eff

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref (1)
Crossref
Publication Date
Fri Aug 28 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Numerical Simulation of Immiscible CO2-Assisted Gravity Drainage Process to Enhance Oil Recovery
...Show More Authors

The Gas Assisted Gravity Drainage (GAGD) process has become one of the most important processes to enhance oil recovery in both secondary and tertiary recovery stages and through immiscible and miscible modes.  Its advantages came from the ability to provide gravity-stable oil displacement for improving oil recovery, when compared with conventional gas injection methods such as Continuous Gas Injection (CGI) and Water – Alternative Gas (WAG). Vertical injectors for CO2   gas were placed at the top of the reservoir to form a gas cap which drives the oil towards the horizontal oil producing wells which are located above the oil-water-contact. The GAGD process was developed and tested in vertical wells to increase oil r

... Show More
Crossref (6)
Crossref