The paper deals with claims in construction projects in Iraq and studies their types, causes, impacts, resolution methods and then proposes a management system to control the impacts of claims. Two parts have been done to achieve the research objective (theoretical part and practical part). The findings showed that the main types of the claims are extra work claims, different site condition claims, delay claims and the main causes of the claims are variation of the orders, design errors and omission, delay in payments by owner, variation in quantities and scheduling errors. The claims have bad impacts on the cost by increasing (10% to 25%) and also on the duration of the project by increasing from (25% to 50%).The negotiation is the main method which is used to resolve the claims in the construction project in Iraq. Finally, the proposed claims management system is developed to control the causes of the claims during the preconstruction phase and construction phase.
The Objective of the research is to identify the Strategic Vigilance and effect in the Managerial Decision Quality, by knowing the interest of the organization influence the Strategic Vigilance in the Managerial Decision Quality, adopted four dimensions of the Strategic Vigilance is (Environmental Vigilance, Commercial, Competitiveness & Technology) to indicate the extent individually and collectively impact in the Managerial Decision Quality, The questionnaire was used as a main tool to survey the views of a sample of 45 managers, was named Supreme Judicial Council society for research, and the statistical program SPSS, and research found a clear positive impact dimensions Strategic Vigilance in the Manageri
... Show Moreobjective the research to diagnosis and interpretation of the nature of the effect between the basic elements of knowledge management (tecgnology , structure , culture , process , human resource ) and the strategic performance of the Iraqi private banks, the research community and the level dimensions, and I've tested this research in the private banking sector represented by (7), especially in Baghdad, Iraqi banks, and applied research on sample consisting of 100 distributors in several administrative levels Director (Director, Director of the department, branch manager), and use the researcher questionnaire Head to collect data and information tool, and some private banks annual reports, has sought research to test
... Show MoreThe present work deals with five species of parasitic Hymenoptera belonging to Pteromalidae, Eupelmidae and Eurytornidae which have been reared from brachid beetles. A new species, Eurytoma irakensis is described and the species, Bruchocida orientalis Crawford is recorded for the first time from Iraq.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Vibriophage Universiti Sains Malaysia 8 (VPUSM 8), a bacteriophage that destroys bacteria, in managing the proliferation of Vibrio cholerae, specifically the El Tor serotype, as an alternate therapeutic strategy. Methods: The study entailed subjecting water samples from Kelantan, Malaysia, to reproduce the natural circumstances that promote the growth of V. cholerae. Subsequently, the samples were contaminated with the V. cholerae O1 El Tor Inaba strain and treated using VPUSM 8. The study employed a controlled experimental design, wherein the samples were divided into three groups, each experiencing different treatment methods. Quantifying the number of colony-
... Show MoreAlgeria is one of the states that are important to the Ottoman state, because of its geographic location is important to the Mediterranean Sea, as well as the economic resources of the nature of its soil geography and climate,diverse, making it the focus of attention of the Ottomans, along with the van, which has increased the interest of the Ottomans in Algeriais the fall Andalusat the hands of the Spaniardsin1492, and force the Muslims to get out of them, and did not Only Europeans do it, butrushed to the prosecution of Muslims tothe coast of North Africa and seizing control of manyofits ports and cities, prompting the Ottoman state to go forth and back to the barn Muslims,Especially after hehad appealed to the Arabs of the Ottoman sta
... Show MoreIn the light of the globalization Which surrounds the business environment and whose impact has been reflected on industrial economic units the whole world has become a single market that affects its variables on all units and is affected by the economic contribution of each economic unit as much as its share. The problem of this research is that the use of Pareto analysis enables industrial economic units to diagnose the risks surrounding them , so the main objective of the research was to classify risks into both internal and external types and identify any risks that require more attention.
The research was based on the hypothesis that Pareto analysis used, risks can be identified and addressed before they occur.
... Show MoreRemote sensing provide the best means to monitoring change in vegetation over a wide range of temporal scales over large areas. In this study, the vegetation index which has been applied known as the Stress Related Vegetation Index (STVI) on in the area around the Euphrates River and part of Al-Habbaniyah lake which located at western side of the river in Ramadi city, Al-Anbar province at Iraq to study the vegetation cover changes and detect the areas of changes, using two satellite sensors multispectral images such as TM and ALI, after geometric correction procedure to rectifying these images. The STVI-4 index result was the best than other vegetation indices (STVI-1 and STVI-3) to discriminate the vegetable cover distribution. The diff
... Show MoreGeographic Information Systems (GIS) are obtaining a significant role in handling strategic applications in which data are organized as records of multiple layers in a database. Furthermore, GIS provide multi-functions like data collection, analysis, and presentation. Geographic information systems have assured their competence in diverse fields of study via handling various problems for numerous applications. However, handling a large volume of data in the GIS remains an important issue. The biggest obstacle is designing a spatial decision-making framework focused on GIS that manages a broad range of specific data to achieve the right performance. It is very useful to support decision-makers by providing GIS-based decision support syste
... Show MoreThe research problem was to identify the impact of monetary policies on economic growth in the oil and non-oil countries. The researcher chose the Republic of Iraq as an example for the oil countries and the Arab Republic of Egypt as an example for the non-oil countries to hold a comparison on the impact of monetary policies.
The research found that the monetary policies and their tools in the Iraqi economy affect the rate of GDP growth by 73%, which shows the strong impact of monetary policies on the economic growth in the Iraqi economy as an example of an oil state. GDP growth rate of 61%, indicating the impact of monetary policies on economic growth in the