Natural convection in a trapezoidal enclosure with partial heating from below and symmetrical cooling from the sides has been investigated numerically. The heating is simulated by a centrally located heat source on the bottom wall, and four different values of the dimensionless heat source length, 1/5, 2/5, 3/5, 4/5 are considered. The laminar flow field is analyzed numerically by solving the steady, two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes and energy equations. The Cartesian velocity components and pressure on a collocated (non-staggered) grid are used as dependent variables in the momentum equations discretized by finite volume method; body fitted coordinates are used to represent the trapezoidal enclosure, and grid generation technique based on elliptic partial differential equations is employed. SIMPLE algorithm is used to adjust the velocity field to satisfy the conservation of mass. The range of Rayleigh number is (103≤ Ra ≤105) and Prandtl number is 0.7. The results show that the average Nusselt number increases with the increases of the source length.
This study aimed at identifying the trend to applying the Joint Audit as an approach to improve the financial reports quality with all their characteristics (Relevance, Reliability, Comparability, Consistency), as well as enclose the difficulties that faced the auditors in the Gaza Strip in implementing the Joint Audit. In order to achieve the study aims, a measure was used to identify the trend to apply the Joint Audit and it was distributed to the study sample which is consisting of (119) individuals and retrieved thereof (99) valid for analysis, approximately (83.2%), (69) of them are Auditors, (30) financial managers and accountants. The researcher used the analytical descriptive method, and after analyzing the results, the s
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Arabic text classification is a challenging task because of the complex morphology of the language, the existence of different writing forms and a multitude of dialects, which can result in sparser common text representations. While transformer models such as AraBERT have obtained superior results on many Arabic NLP tasks, their high computational requirements make them difficult to deploy in environments with limited hardware resources. In some cases this can also make the model less practical for researchers working with basic computer systems. This study focuses on a more practical issue: how much accuracy a simple classifier may lose when the amount of required computation is reduced. We use a combined TF-IDF representation based on bo
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