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Methods and Means of public relation in dealing with Bureaucracy
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The importance of Public Relations activity has increased during the last half of the last century as a specialized and modern administrative function in most institutions. It has, moreover, become an integral part of activities of those institutions of various types, due to its pivotal role in building its reputation and drawing a good mental image among its audiences, as well as its influential and basic role in maintaining communication and the communication between its members at its various levels and their job tasks to ensure the greatest amount of understanding and to enhance trust between them. This is why public relations activity has become indispensable in all institutions, and without it, it is difficult to achieve any coordination activity or interactive relations. Public Relations was, in addition, able to impose itself as part of its administrative activity, which greatly contributes to measuring the public’s attitudes and knowing their desires to include them in the its administrative curriculum in order to gain the public confidence that leads to build a positive impression.As for the administrative system in the institution, it is the executive body concerned with achieving its goals, measuring the extent of its progress and developing that institution through the distribution of tasks, responsibilities and powers. Yet, every executive work has obstacles and problems that appear during implementing the plan stages that prevent the progress of work according to the specified times or the desired quality of that work.Among the most important of these administrative bureaucratic obstacles that have leadership and the largest portion of interest in modern administrative thought for their great influence in determining the success of institutions

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Efficiency of public investment spending and its impact on economic growth in Iraq For the period 2003- 2013
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Occupy public investment spending, a great deal of attention since the thirties of the last century, to play important role in economic and social development process and therefore most of the countries are trying different degree of economic development to the completion of the largest amount of public investment, especially in infrastructure, which is one of the pillars essential to economic development, and in order to maximize utilization of the completion of public investment should focus on achieving efficiency in completion.
    The current reality of public projects in Iraq, indicating the absence of several key characteristics that must be provided if these proje

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 05 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
An Evaluation of the Activity of Prepared Zinc Nanoparticles with Extracted Alfalfa Plant in the Treatment of Heavy Metals
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The alfalfa plant, after harvesting, was washed, dried, and grinded to get fine powder used in water treatment. We used the alfalfa plant with ethanol to make the alcoholic extract characterized by using (GC-Mass, FTIR, and UV) spectroscopy to determine active compounds. Alcoholic extract was used to prepare zinc nanoparticles. We characterized Zinc nanoparticles using (FTIR, UV, SEM, EDX Zeta potential, XRD, AFM). Zinc nanoparticle with Alfalfa extract and alfalfa powder were used in the treatment of water polluted with inorganic elements such as Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Cd, Ag by (Batch processing). The batch process with using alfalfa powder gets treated with Pb (51.45%), which is the highest percentage of treatment. Mn (13.18%), which is the

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 28 2025
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Convincing methods in designing infographic content analytical study
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The research aims to reveal the recent trends used in providing information and to know the persuasive methods used in designing the content of the infographic as well as the nature of persuasive design methods and the topics presented by the infographic in the research sample.   The researcher used the survey method, specifically the survey, by using the content analysis method to analyze the infographic material from the sample selected from the press and news sites that are the subject of the research, based on the method of what was said? How was it said? The researcher relied on the intentional sample, and this sample depends on the researcher selecting the vocabulary of the sample based on experiences and evaluating the c

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 31 2017
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Title “public , private and edition” By Imam Al-Qanuji, in his book Al-Raudha Al- Nadi
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Abstract

The research discusses the biography of Imam Al-Qanuji,  his syllabus in his book “ Raudha Al- Nadia , and Public, particular, edition  definition. Then it mentions the types of matters and the Imam Al-Qanuji’s opinion in it, and it mentions the early and contemporary scholars’ opinions and simplifies their logical and unwritten proofs. It also discusses and librates the place of dispute, then it swages reliable based on the power of the proof and interest without any contravention which the orthodox law orders.  Furthermore, the research discusses matters like,  whether there is any particular formula for public, or whether the public considers the Quraan as i

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 28 2023
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Public Attitudes Towards National Issues in Interactive Television Programs
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This research aims to investigate the extent to which the Iraqi audience relies on interactive television programs as a source of information regarding national issues and their resulting impacts. It seeks to identify the types and nature of attitudes developed among the public towards national issues through these programs and determine the prominent topics and issues highlighted to the audience. The researcher employed a field survey as the primary research method, employing a questionnaire for data collection along with scientific observation and the Likert three-point scale to measure attitudes. The study was guided by the media dependency theory. A sample of 520 questionnaires was distributed to residents in

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 01 2008
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
تدريس العلاقات الدولية في العراق
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تدريس العلاقات الدولية في العراق

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 30 2022
Journal Name
مجلة القادسية للقانون والعلوم السياسية
الصفة التنظيمية في العلاقات التعاقدية
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يتناول البحث الاجابة عن سؤال هل ان العقد بقي ذو صفة ارادية ام تحول الى الصفة التنظيمية نتيجة تدخل المشرع في العديد من جزئياته

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 28 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Psychological Security and Its Relation to Motivation for Achievement of Social Researchers Working in the Courts
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The research aims to measure the psychological security of social working in the courts, to measure the motivation of achievement for social researchers working in the courts. In addition to, identify the Psychological security and its relation to the motivation of achievement for social researchers working in the courts. To achieve these aims, the researcher adopted two scales: Maslow scale for Psychological security, which was translated to Arabic by Dwany and Dirany 1983 consisted of (75) items. The second scale is Othman scale for achievement motivation 2014 consisted of (24) items. The two scales had been applied to a sample consisted of (100) social researchers working in the courts of Baghdad with its two branches Al-karkh and Al-

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
application of business managment in the field of football with studuy of the case of spanish club (Real Madrid) و (Barcelona
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Football has progressed from being a ritual and a celebration to become an amateur sport, a professional sport, and now, increasingly, a commercial sport. In the analysis of football business model, the systemic approach should be adopted. If sport is regarded as one of the business sectors, then the application of business system methodology can be fully justified. The interest to create strong football business system calls for the search of the ways of popularizing football business model and boosting the economic potential of its participants. In the research literature tend to ignore the business processes within the sports business. Besides, the systemic approach in football business is usually limited to p

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 15 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Comparison of periodontal health status in relation to IQ in right- and left handed individuals
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Background: Periodontal disease (PD) is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by destruction of supporting structures of the teeth. Intelligence quotient (IQ) was potentially reported to significantly associated with prevalence of gingivitis. Mild gingivitis was obtained in high IQ levels while moderate gingivitis may be attributed to poor oral hygiene seen among the subjects having low IQ levels. Method: One hundred volunteers aged between 20-45 years old were enrolled in this study, patients were equally divided into right- and left-handed (50 patients each)and each group then subdivided into patients with healthy gingiva(10), patients with gingivitis (20), and patients suffering from periodontitis (20).An IQ questionnaire was p

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