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IRAQ BETWEEN A CULTURE OF CIVIL SOCIETY AND A CULTURE OF VIOLENCE
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The title takes its realistic connotations with its symbols, slogans and historical extensions in Iraq, also, the repercussions of the organic crisis that afflicted it for almost half a century, especially after the abortion of the July 14 Revolution and the spread of the culture of weapons, violence and death that we are living in Iraq nowadays.

The topic is suitable for critical analytical studies carried out by specialists in scientific and academic research centers and cultural institutions because they have an important feasibility at the strategic cultural level in Iraq, the Middle East and the world.

Research in Iraq has fallen to the extreme and is no longer effective, to the extent that it represents a severe crisis as it lacks freedom and suitable scientific conditions. 

We try in the following pages to discuss this subject from its political, social and sectarian content, as well as, taking advantage of the Iraqi author references, books "memos" and historical testimonies of some leaders, either because they have begun to feel the responsibility, or because some of them were free to publish his manuscript views after his death!

The topic is suitable for critical analytical studies carried out by specialists in scientific and academic research centers and cultural institutions because they have an important feasibility at the strategic cultural level in Iraq and the Middle East and the world.

In any case, it remains a positive point of light in self-criticism and experience in rebuilding man and society on new foundations, away from those black claws that have been ravaging Iraq and Iraqis and messing with slogans over time.

The researcher in the political topic in Iraq opposes the circumstances of the emergence of the Iraqi state and the establishment of the military "national" formations, which became a permanent base in the conflicts and the acquisition of Iraq which has been used to resolve disputes between military leaders, suppression of movements of protest, insurgency, popular uprisings, the emergence of "coup", blocs  and personal relations. Perhaps “Sectarianism” may have had an influential role in containing and controlling the military by involving the country in political conflicts and take control over by the mean of these "national" leaders. The cultural environment of these national officers was limited in their professional positions through the military culture they had acquired in their senior ranks in the Iraqi army, as well as, in the Ottoman Empire or through their social affiliation to feudal and tribal families, which had a

special privileges for Britain as one of the first and most important pillars of the occupation and the monarchy in Iraq from its inception until its overthrow in the national revolution of July 1958.

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 19 2022
Journal Name
Chemistryselect
A Continuous Flow Injection/Indirect Photometric Method for the Detection of Fosetyl Aluminum in Commercial Pesticide Formulations
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Abstract<p>Because of their Physico‐chemical characteristics and its composition, the development of new specific analytical methodologies to determine some highly polar pesticides are required. The reported methods demand long analysis time, expensive instruments and prior extraction of pesticide for detection. The current work presents a new flow injection analysis method combined with indirect photometric detection for the determination of Fosetyl‐Aluminum (Fosetyl‐Al) in commercial formulations, with rapid and highly accurate determination involving only construction of manifold system combined with photometric detector without need some of the pre‐treatments to the sample before the analysis such a</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Mon Feb 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Electrical Conductivity as a General Predictor of Multiple Parameters in Tigris River Based on Statistical Regression Model
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Surface water samples from different locations within Tigris River's boundaries in Baghdad city have been analyzed for drinking purposes. Correlation coefficients among different parameters were determined. An attempt has been made to develop linear regression equations to predict the concentration of water quality constituents having significant correlation coefficients with electrical conductivity (EC). This study aims to find five regression models produced and validated using electrical conductivity as a predictor to predict total hardness (TH), calcium (Ca), chloride (Cl), sulfate (SO4), and total dissolved solids (TDS). The five models showed good/excellent prediction ability of the parameters mentioned

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 15 2024
Journal Name
Civileng
Structural Performance of a Hollow-Core Square Concrete Column Longitudinally Reinforced with GFRP Bars under Concentric Load
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Concrete columns with hollow-core sections find widespread application owing to their excellent structural efficiency and efficient material utilization. However, corrosion poses a challenge in concrete buildings with steel reinforcement. This paper explores the possibility of using glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforcement as a non-corrosive and economically viable substitute for steel reinforcement in short square hollow concrete columns. Twelve hollow short columns were meticulously prepared in the laboratory experiments and subjected to pure axial compressive loads until failure. All columns featured a hollow square section with exterior dimensions of (180 × 180) mm and 900 mm height. The columns were categorized into

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 31 2024
Journal Name
Intelligent Automation And Soft Computing
Fusion of Type-2 Neutrosophic Similarity Measure in Signatures Verification Systems: A New Forensic Document Analysis Paradigm
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Signature verification involves vague situations in which a signature could resemble many reference samples or might differ because of handwriting variances. By presenting the features and similarity score of signatures from the matching algorithm as fuzzy sets and capturing the degrees of membership, non-membership, and indeterminacy, a neutrosophic engine can significantly contribute to signature verification by addressing the inherent uncertainties and ambiguities present in signatures. But type-1 neutrosophic logic gives these membership functions fixed values, which could not adequately capture the various degrees of uncertainty in the characteristics of signatures. Type-1 neutrosophic representation is also unable to adjust to various

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 28 2022
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Content of Data Journalism in Security Topics - Security Media Cell Model Research extracted from a master’s thesis
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This paper aims at the analytical level to know the security topics that were used with data journalism, and the expression methods used in the statements of the Security Media Cell, as well as to identify the means of clarification used in data journalism. About the Security Media Cell, and the methods preferred by the public in presenting press releases, especially determining the strength of the respondents' attitude towards the data issued by the Security Media Cell. On the Security Media Cell, while the field study included the distribution of a questionnaire to the public of Baghdad Governorate. The study reached several results, the most important of which is the interest of the security media cell in presenting its data in differ

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Review Of International Geographical Education
Evaluating the performance of project management using network diagrams methods: A case study in the Ramadi Municipality
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This study came for the reason that some project administrations still do not follow the appropriate scientific methods that enable them to perform their work in a manner that achieves the goals for which those projects arise, in addition to exceeding the planned times and costs, so this study aims to apply the methods of network diagrams in Planning, scheduling and monitoring the project of constructing an Alzeuot intersection bridge in the city of Ramadi, as the research sample, being one of the strategic projects that are being implemented in the city of Ramadi, as well as being one of the projects that faced during its implementation Several of problems, the project problem was studied according to scientific methods through the applica

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 01 2023
Journal Name
Case Studies In Thermal Engineering
Augmenting the thermal response of helical coil latent-heat storage systems with a central return tube configuration
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Low-temperature stratification, high-volumetric storage capacity, and less-complicated material processing make phase-changing materials (PCMs) very suitable candidates for solar energy storage applications. However, their poor heat diffusivities and suboptimal containment designs severely limit their decent storage capabilities. In these systems, the arrangement of tubes conveying the heat transport fluid (HTF) plays a crucial role in heat communication between the PCM and HTF during phase transition. This study investigates a helical coil tube-and-shell thermal storage system integrated with a novel central return tube to enhance heat transfer effectiveness. Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulations compare the proposed d

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 20 2023
Journal Name
Sustainability
The Economic Impacts of Using Renewable Energy Technologies for Irrigation Water Pumping and Nanoparticle Fertilizers on Agri-Food Production in Iraq
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While traditional energy sources such as oil, coal, and natural gas drive economic growth, they also seriously affect people’s health and the environment. Renewable energies (RE) are presently seen as an efficient choice for attaining long-term sustainability in development. They provide an adequate response to climate change and supply sufficient electricity. The current situation in Iraq results from a decades-long scarcity of reliable electricity, which has impacted various industries, including agriculture. There are diverse prospects for using renewable energy sources to address the present power crisis. The economic and environmental impacts of renewable energy systems were investigated in this study by using the solar pumpi

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 30 2020
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Iraqi women Attitude towards Immediate Post-partum/ Post-abortion Contraception: a multi-institutional study
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Background: Immediate postpartum contraceptive and post abortion contraception methods are effective safe methods and are becoming a standard practice in many countries, yet it is not widely used in Iraq.

Aims: this study: is designed to assess the attitude and willingness of women to immediate contraception after giving birth or abortion and their satisfaction to previous use.

Methods and Material: Four hundred thirty-four women were surveyed in the labor word immediately after giving birth/ abortion. Their knowledge, attitude and contraception use were assessed according to the response they reported to a given questionnaire.

Results: women were not sure abo

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
The Journal Of Agrobiotechnology Management & Economic
Economic Stability and Its Role in Achieving Inclusive Growth in Iraq
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Abstract: This research aims to investigate and analyze the most pressing issues facing the Iraqi economy, namely economic stability and inclusive growth Consequently, the present study investigates the effect of inflation and unemployment, which are significant contributors to economic instability, on inclusive growth dimensions such as GDP, education, health, governance, poverty, income inequality, and environmental performance. From 1991 to 2021, secondary data were collected using World Bank Indicators (WDI) and Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) databases. The researchers also employed the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to determine the relationship between variables. The study revealed that fluct

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