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IRAQ BETWEEN A CULTURE OF CIVIL SOCIETY AND A CULTURE OF VIOLENCE
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The title takes its realistic connotations with its symbols, slogans and historical extensions in Iraq, also, the repercussions of the organic crisis that afflicted it for almost half a century, especially after the abortion of the July 14 Revolution and the spread of the culture of weapons, violence and death that we are living in Iraq nowadays.

The topic is suitable for critical analytical studies carried out by specialists in scientific and academic research centers and cultural institutions because they have an important feasibility at the strategic cultural level in Iraq, the Middle East and the world.

Research in Iraq has fallen to the extreme and is no longer effective, to the extent that it represents a severe crisis as it lacks freedom and suitable scientific conditions. 

We try in the following pages to discuss this subject from its political, social and sectarian content, as well as, taking advantage of the Iraqi author references, books "memos" and historical testimonies of some leaders, either because they have begun to feel the responsibility, or because some of them were free to publish his manuscript views after his death!

The topic is suitable for critical analytical studies carried out by specialists in scientific and academic research centers and cultural institutions because they have an important feasibility at the strategic cultural level in Iraq and the Middle East and the world.

In any case, it remains a positive point of light in self-criticism and experience in rebuilding man and society on new foundations, away from those black claws that have been ravaging Iraq and Iraqis and messing with slogans over time.

The researcher in the political topic in Iraq opposes the circumstances of the emergence of the Iraqi state and the establishment of the military "national" formations, which became a permanent base in the conflicts and the acquisition of Iraq which has been used to resolve disputes between military leaders, suppression of movements of protest, insurgency, popular uprisings, the emergence of "coup", blocs  and personal relations. Perhaps “Sectarianism” may have had an influential role in containing and controlling the military by involving the country in political conflicts and take control over by the mean of these "national" leaders. The cultural environment of these national officers was limited in their professional positions through the military culture they had acquired in their senior ranks in the Iraqi army, as well as, in the Ottoman Empire or through their social affiliation to feudal and tribal families, which had a

special privileges for Britain as one of the first and most important pillars of the occupation and the monarchy in Iraq from its inception until its overthrow in the national revolution of July 1958.

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Publication Date
Thu May 04 2023
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Influence Annealing on the Physical Properties of Silver Selenide Thin Film at Different Temperatures by Thermal Evaporation
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This survey investigates the thermal evaporation of Ag2Se on glass substrates at various thermal annealing temperatures (300, 348, 398, and 448) °K. To ascertain the effect of annealing temperature on the structural, surface morphology, and optical properties of Ag2Se films, investigations and research were carried out. The crystal structure of the film was described by Xray diffraction and other methods.The physical structure and characteristics of the Ag2Se thin films were examined using X-ray and atomic force microscopy (AFM) based techniques. The Ag2Se films surface morphology was examined by AFM techniques; the investigation gave average diameter, surface roughness, and grain size mutation values with increasing annealing temperature

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2014
Journal Name
كلية التربية -الجامعة المستنصرية
study the electron drift velocity in gas mixtures of SF6 with N2 obtained from Boltzmann equation analysis
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Publication Date
Sun Jun 26 2022
Journal Name
Electrical Engineering
Optimal insulation design of form-wound stator winding with stress grading system under fast rise-time excitation
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The effective insulation design of the stress grading (SG) system in form-wound stator coils is essential for preventing partial discharges and excessive heat generation under pulse-width modulation excitation. This paper proposes a method to find the optimal insulation design of the SG system aimed at reducing the dielectric and thermal stresses in the machine coil. The non-uniform transmission line model is used to predict the voltage propagation along the overhang, SG, and slot regions considering the variation in the physical properties of the insulation layers. The machine coil parameters for different insulation materials are calculated by using the finite element method. Two optimization algorithms, fmincon and particle swarm optimiz

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 20 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
The Effect of Compound Exercises Using Added Relative Weights On Some Physical Abilities In Young Soccer Players
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Publication Date
Sun Apr 02 2017
Journal Name
International Workshop In Physics Applications
Antifungal activity of wide band gap Thioglycolic acid capped ZnS:Mn semiconductor nanoparticles against some pathogenic fungi(Article)
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The manganese doped zinc sulfide nanoparticles were synthesized by simple aqueous chemical reaction of manganese chloride, zinc acetate and thioacitamide in aqueous solution. Thioglycolic acid is used as capping agent for controlling the nanoparticle size. The main advantage of the ZnS:Mn nanoparticles of diameter ~ 2.73 nm is that the sample is prepared by using non-toxic precursors in a cost effective and eco-friendly way. The structural, morphological and chemical composition of the nanoparticles have been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The nanosize of the prepared nanoparticles was elucidated by Scan

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 02 2017
Journal Name
8th International Conference On Agricultural, Environment, Biology And Medical Sciences
Histological Structure of the Kidney in the Iraqi Weasel, Small Asian Mangoose, (Herpestes Javanicus ) (E.Geoffroy Saint.Hilaire,1818)
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The present study aims to describe the histological structure of kidney of, (Herpestes javanicus ) that inhabits Iraqi lands. Transverse sections of kidney stained with hematoxylin and eosin showed two distinct regions, the outer thin darkly stained cortex and inner thick lightly stained medulla, which further subdivided into external and internal medullary zones linked with one conical renal papilla. The lateral margin of the outer medullary tissue forms a secondary renal pyramid with a specialized fornix. All the nephrons in the kidney start with the renal corpuscle [Malpighian], which is formed from two distinct parts, these are a centrally located glomerulus, which represented by a tuft of blood capillaries and an outer Bowman’s capsu

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Publication Date
Fri Jul 05 2024
Journal Name
Pakistan Journal Of Life And Social Sciences (pjlss)
Evaluation of the Gully Erosion Risks in the Mamran Basin within Sulaymaniyah Governorate using GIS & RS
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Publication Date
Wed Feb 05 2020
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
Neutrality in Swedish foreign policy , an analytical study of adaption from traditional neutrality to military non-alignment
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Abstract Sweden is today one of the most active European countries in the regional and international environment despite the adoption of neutrality as a guiding principle in its foreign policy. For more than two centuries, the length of time for Swedish neutrality has made it a global standard, an agreed foreign policy at home and a political culture rooted in institutions and society. Swedish. Although discussions are still underway on Swedish security and foreign policies after the end of the Cold War, especially cooperation with NATO through the Partnership for Peaceprogram, EU accession and its impact on the principle of neutrality in foreign policy. Sweden, however, insists that it still maintains neutrality, but more adequately, in

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 02 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
Enhancement the Sensitivity of Humidity Sensor Based on an Agarose Coating Transmission-Type Photonic Crystal Fiber Interferometer
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Photonic Crystal Fiber Interferometers (PCFIs) are widely used for sensing applications. This work presents the fabrication and the characterization of a relative humidity sensor based on a polymer-coated photonic crystal fiber that operates in a Mach- Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) transmission mode. The fabrication of the sensor involved splicing a short (1 cm) length of Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) between two single-mode fibers (SMF). It was then coated with a layer of agarose solution. Experimental results showed that a high humidity sensitivity of 29.37 pm/%RH was achieved within a measurement range of 27–95%RH. The sensor also showed good repeatability, small size, measurement accuracy and wide humidity range. The RH sensitivity o

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Effect of Job Burnout on Employee Performance: Field Research in the General Company for Vegetable Oil Industry
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Abstract

      This research aims to know the effect of job burnout in the worker’s performance. The researcher presented a theoretical basis for job burnout and the worker's performance. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, a hypothesis was drawn up that determines the nature of the relationship between the independent variable of job burnout and its dimensions (reduced personal accomplishment, depersonalization, Emotional Exhaustion) and variable dependent performance of workers dimensions (productivity, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, creativity), And to represent the volume of this community according to (de Morgan, D. Morgan) glo

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