The images and drawings reduce the intellectual, symbolic and cognitive dimensions inside them that make them an intermediary that imposes itself on the educational method, as they have become responsive to all the needs of the student in the modern era unlike the previous periods. The artistic direction of the illustrations in the scientific books meets the educational and pedagogical needs of the learner and their frame in an illustrative educational method that contributes in developing the student's abilities to benefit from the scientific curricula in the age of scientific and cognitive development.

Here, the researcher finds that the artistic direction of the illustrations lacks the achievement of scientific and technical p

Many urban and rural areas fall under the impact of disasters, whether natural or industrial, and with increasing complexity in urban areas, with diversity of economic, social and political components, and technological and cognitive development, the effects of disasters and wars have increased with the time, where disasters are affecting all aspects of life, causing great waste of property and lives, also displacement of populations and disruption of economic life, these effects are multiplied if they are not dealt with in sound curricula and scientific strategies.

The research aims to identify the experiences of some countries and their strategies and effective programs in reconstruction after exposure to disasters and wars wit

The UV−VIS absorption spectroscopy technique was used to study the formation of a new complex of charge transfer (CT) between bioactive organic molecules as (Nystatin) containing both a π-electrons from a conjugated system and lone-pair of electrons (amine) with Tetrachloro-1,4 benzoquinone (TCBQ) as a π-acceptor in which the transferred electron goes into its vacant anti-bonding molecular orbitals. The Tyrian purple-colored complex formed was quantitatively measured at 544 nm. This complex shows obeying Beer's law within the concentration range of (10-90) μg.ml-1The stoichiometry of the formed complex between the (Nys.) and (TCBQ) was found 1:2 as evaluated by continuous variation (Job's method) and mole ratio method The value of mola

Background: asthma has an influence on craniofacial development. Recently evidences show that there is an association between oral health problems and chronic lung disease. The present study was designed to estimate the changes in arch dimension measurements among asthmatic children aged 12 years old who were collected from AL- Zahra Center Advisory for Allergy and Asthma and compare them with the non-asthmatic children of the same age and gender. Material and Methods: Fifty children (25 asthmatic and 25 non- asthmatic children) were included for the odontometric measurement. For both upper and lower study models, photographs were taken using special photographic apparatus for each child, and the statistical analysis were done by using SPSS

In this research we study the effect of UV radiation on pure PC samples and doped samples with plasticizer (DOP) for different exposure times (6, 12, 18, 24h). The study have been made on the change in the IR spectra causes by the UV radiation on both kinds of samples, besides the morphology changes were also studied by the optical microscope. From the results we conclude that the increasing of exposure causes the elaboration of CO₂ and C₂ gases.

    The monogeneans Gyrodactylus dzhalilovi Ergens & Ashurova, 1984, G. magnus Konovalov, 1967 and G. matovi Ergens & Kakachava-Avramova, 1966 were recorded in this study for the first time in Iraq from gills of the common carp Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758 collected from Tigris River in Baghdad city. The description, measurements and illustrations of these parasites were given.

The use  analysis  value chain such  information in the provision as financial  so information quality meet and satisfy the needs of users such information , particularly investors and lenders   as the identification needs   financial information and the knowledge as their behavior influenced by that information can be based on the accounting profession to focus on improving their function in order to achieve its goal that satisfying their needs and rationalize their decisions . In accounting thought discovered fertile ground for users preferences as one of the entrances   theorising positive which is based on the need to include knowledge on accounting hypothesis that explain the