The dyes Azo have a lengthy history and are a vital part of our daily lives. There are numerous potentials uses for these substances and their derivatives in various industries and environmental and biological research. In this study conversion of various azo compounds into other derivatives, complexes, and polymers was accomplished. This review included examining the chemistry reactions, synthesis, and applications of azo dye ligands and their complexes, mentioned spectral, analytical, thermal, and morphology methods of investigation, and confirmed by mass fragment mechanisms for some azo dyes and metal complexes. One of the aims of this review is to explain the role of these azo dye derivatives and the effect of metal complexes on leather which exhibits high light fastness, wash fastness, and rubbing fastness. The interaction of DNA has also been achieved. New metal complexes (Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II), and Zn (II) azo ligands derived from 4-amino antipyrine and 4-aminoacetophenone are reported. The nature of the compounds has been studied followed by methods of continuous contrast, Beer's law, and molar ratio. Analytical methods and spectra revealed the octahedral geometry of the complexes. The azo dye ligand and its metal (II) complexes possess appreciable microbial activities. Novel heterocyclic compounds and its complexes have been investigated. The relationship between the HOMO-LUMO gap and antibacterial activity was investigated computationally. Improved understanding of binding mechanisms was shown by the comparative molecular docking investigations. This review demonstrated the utilization of the polycrystalline Zn (II) metal complex as a sensitizer in organic dye-sensitized solar cells. Quinolinyl-azo-naphthol (HL) is a selective turn-on chemosensor for Al3+ in the presence of other ions, exhibiting a 750-fold rise in emission at 612 nm following activation at visible light (537 nm). The reported limit of detection (LOD) for the 3σ technique is 0.69 nM. During this review it was proven that the effective production of palladium nanoparticles with guar gum as a stabilizer and their use as a catalyst in reduction processes and azo dye degradation. The investigation describing and assessing thiazolyl azo ligand complexes with specific metal ions has been presented.( Zn (II), Cu (II), Co (II), and Ni (II) ) complexes with azo ligands generated from metoclopramide hydrochloride were examined for their industrial and biological applications in cotton fabric dyeing, as well as for light and cleaner firmness. Additionally, the evaluation of the ligand and their complexes' antimicrobial and antifungal capabilities revealed that the ZnL molecule had the strongest antibacterial activity. The application characteristics of thiophene-derived dispersion dyes complexed with Zn, Cu, and Co metal on (polyester and Nylon 6.6), showed good to excellent light fastness, good to excellent wash fastness, excellent fastness to perspiration and sublimation, and good levelness on both materials with varying shades of brown and violet. The azo benzoic acid ligand derived from 2,4-dimethylphenol and 4-aminobenzoic acid has been identified by several spectroscopic methods and has been used as dispersion dyes on cotton textiles to test the antibacterial properties of the chemicals generated against a range of bacteria and fungus. Each primed complex has been proposed to have a tetrahedral geometrical structure for the obtained datum. There have been reports on the use of azo dyes in combination with nickel and its uses in dye-sensitized solar cells. Ten complexes of metals including Zn (II), Cu (II), Cd (II), Ni (II), and Co (II) as well as Phloroglucinol and antipyrine were used to create two unique azo-colorants, which were isolated and examined using a variety of techniques, wool, polyamide, and poly acetate fibers exhibit coloristic activity toward H3L1 and H3L2 as well as their metal complexes, demonstrating their strong resistance to UV radiation. Both in static and dynamic settings, the H3L2 compound exhibited a good sorption activity towards heavy metal cations from aqueous solutions of trace concentrations. A particular combination of selected transition metal ions is complexed with the azo compound, which is obtained from the (2-hydroxy quinoline: synthesis, characterization, thermal analysis, and antioxidant activity). These compounds' reactive oxygen entity degradation was evaluated with the DPPH radical and subsequently compared to gallic acid, a standard naturally occurring antioxidant. Finally, this review explains the metal chelates of the azo dye derivative sulfafurazole through synthesis, structure confirmation, molecular docking simulation, antibacterial, anticancer, and application in bioinorganic chemistry.
In this review of literature, the light will be concentrated on the local drugs delivery systems for treating the periodontal diseases. Principles, types, advantages and indications of each type will be discussed in this paper.
The advancement of digital technology has increased the deployment of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in our daily life. However, locating sensor nodes is a challenging task in WSNs. Sensing data without an accurate location is worthless, especially in critical applications. The pioneering technique in range-free localization schemes is a sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) method, which utilizes network connectivity to estimate sensor location without additional hardware. This study presents a comprehensive survey of state-of-the-art SMC localization schemes. We present the schemes as a thematic taxonomy of localization operation in SMC. Moreover, the critical characteristics of each existing scheme are analyzed to identify its advantages
... Show MoreBackground: Injuries to blood vessels are among the most dramatic challenges facing trauma surgeons because repair is often urgent, the surgeon has to decide between management options (open or endovascular), and gaining control and reconstructing a major arterial injury can be technically demanding .
Objective:,To analyze the cause of injury, surgical approach, outcome and complications of axillary artery injuries.
Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study on fifty patients at Ibn-Alnafees hospital in Baghdad from January 2005 to December 2010
Results Males were more commonly affected than female with ratio of 6.1:1. Most injuries were caused by bullet and shell (84%), followed by stab wounds (10%) and blunt trauma (6%). Pati
In the last decades, using mineral admixture in concrete became very necessary to improve concrete properties and reduce CO2 emissions associated with the cement production process. Subsequently, more sustainable concrete can be obtained. Ternary blended cement containing two different types of mineral admixture can achieve ambitious steps in this trend. In this research, the synergic effects of mineral admixtures in ternary blended cement and its effects on concrete fresh properties, strength, durability, and efficiency factors of mineral admixture in ternary blended cement, were reviewed. The main conclusion reached after reviewing many literature pieces is that the concrete with ternary blended cement
... Show MoreFetal growth restriction is a significant contributor to fetal morbidity and mortality. In addition, there are heightened maternal risks associated with surgical operations and their accompanying dangers. Monitoring fetal development is a crucial objective of prenatal care and effective methods for early diagnosis of Fetal growth restriction, allowing prompt management and timely intervention to improve the outcomes. Screening for Fetal growth restriction can be achieved via many modalities; it can be medical, biochemical, or radiological. Some recommended combining more than one for better outcomes. Currently, there is inconsistency about the best method of Fetal growth restriction screening. In this review, a comprehensive
... Show MoreSensibly highlighting the hidden structures of many real-world networks has attracted growing interest and triggered a vast array of techniques on what is called nowadays community detection (CD) problem. Non-deterministic metaheuristics are proved to competitively transcending the limits of the counterpart deterministic heuristics in solving community detection problem. Despite the increasing interest, most of the existing metaheuristic based community detection (MCD) algorithms reflect one traditional language. Generally, they tend to explicitly project some features of real communities into different definitions of single or multi-objective optimization functions. The design of other operators, however, remains canonical lacking any inte
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