Background Alloys with the addition of zirconium and niobium eliminate the adverse effects of aluminum and vanadium on the nervous system, the possibility of metallosis and the initiation of diseases (including cancers or Alzheimer›s disease). In addition, they have better corrosion resistance, and a Young›s modulus value similar to longitudinal bone tissue. Therefore, only choosing appropriate materials does not guarantee proper functioning of the implants, the surfaces of the implants also have to be suitable to meet the requirements. The laser surface hardening process modifies the surface properties by imparting microstructural changes, whereas surface remelting induces changes in the surface topography, roughness, wettability and wear and corrosion resistance, influencing the biocompatibility of the surface. Such changes are brought in essentially because of the characteristic melting, evaporation and rapid solidification during laser surface remelting processes. Objectives This study was aimed at evaluating the electrochemical corrosion of commercial pure Titanium disks (CP Ti) and the Ti13Zr13Nb (Alloy) with a zigzag pattern of laser surface treatment. Materials and Methods a total of 40 discs of Cp Ti & 40 of Ti13Zr13Nb were fabricated. The surfaces of the test groups were treated with unique zigzag patterns using CNC Laser treatment on the texturing surfaces, the samples then are analyzed by using XRD, microhardness and electrochemical corrosion tests. Results The study revealed a proper increase in the surface hardness and corrosion resistance without crack formation or a dramatic change of the core substance of the CP Ti and Alloy disks. Conclusion The CNC laser is considered an effective and suitable method for surface texturing of CP Ti and Alloy for dental implantology.
Semiotics has been through wide experiences in various human sciences, especially in the fields of poetry, novel and myths. But its interest in the theatre and drama was much less and unique despite the richness of the theatrical connection as it is a probable field for the semiotic investigation which may require the semiotic approach in dealing with the theatrical and dramatic show during the two processes of: structural construction and deconstruction starting from a set of overlapping and interconnected texts inside the show, which can be limited in the text, then it would be difficult to semiotically cover all these complex and tricky texts. The theatre in its structural and aesthetic construction is c
... Show MoreTo avoid the negative effects due to inflexibility of the domestic production inresponse to the increase in government consumption expenditure leads to more imports to meet the increase in domestic demand resulting from the increase in government consumption expenditure. Since the Iraqi economy economy yield unilateral depends on oil revenues to finance spending, and the fact government consumer spending is a progressive high flexibility the increase in overall revenues, while being a regressive flexibility is very low in the event of reduced public revenues, and therefore lead to a deficit in the current account position. And that caused the deficit for imbalance are the disruption of the
... Show MoreThis research aims at the possibility of rationalizing business organizations according to the strategic planning directions which have been developed to deal with many problems faced by business organizations, including the General Company for Automobile and Machinery Trade which was chosen as a research society, and several research problems were diagnosed, including an increase in the numbers of employees who constitute hidden unemployment, lack of work in the system of job specialization, and the organizational structure which is the non-application of the company to a modern administrative model. The importance of the research is that the company being investigated is a pioneer in its field of work and seeks to achieve custo
... Show MoreThis study aimed to measure the accounting conservatism and the lemited factors which affected on it in the annual financial reports of insurance companies which listed on the Amman Stock Exchange during the period from 2005 to 2016, these factors were represented by firm age, firm debt and firm size.
Using the market value model (MV) To book value ( BV) Beaver and Ryan (2000) The level of the accounting conservatism was measured. The study found that the insurance companies which are listed on the ASE exercise the accounting conservatism when they were preparing financial reports. And when conducting a process of the test of the affected of the factors (The age of the
... Show MoreThe problem of present study is determined by answering the following questions:
1) What is the effect of using the oral open- ended questions on Students' achievement in the third-stage of Arabic department in the college of Education? 2) What is the effect of the oral open-ended questions on developing the creative thinking of students in
... Show MoreThe study aims to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral counseling in reducing symptoms of social anxiety and improving social skills among a sample of intermediate school students in the city of Souq Al-Shuyukh at Dhi Qar Governorate. The sample consisted of (40) female students, their ages ranged (14-15). They were selected based on their high scores on the social anxiety scale. The sample was divided into two groups: an experimental group, and a control group, equal in number (20) students in each group. The researcher used the social anxiety scale and the social skills scale. In addition, he used the cognitive-behavioral counseling program, consisting of (11) counseling sessions, with a rate of (45) minutes per sessio
... Show MoreNew metal complexes of the ligands 2-benzamido benzothiazole(B1), and 2-actamido benzothiazole(B2) with metal ions Ni(II),and Co(II) were prepared in alcoholic medium. The prepared complexes were characterized by FT-IR and electronic spectroscopy, Magnetic susceptibility, Flame Atomic Absorption technique as well as elemental analysis and conductivity measurement. From the spectral studies, an octahedral monomer structure proposed for Ni(II) complexes, and a tetrahedral monomer structure for Co(II)complexes.Semi-empirical methods (PM3,and ZINDO/1)were carried out to evaluate the heat formation( ?H?f)binding energy(?Eb) and dipole moment(µ)for all metal complexes. Also vibration frequencies, Electrostatic potential, HOMO and LUMO
... Show MoreMixed ligand complexes of bivalent metal ions, viz; Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) of the composition [M(A)2((PBu3)2]in(1:2:2)(M:A:(PBu3). molar ratio, (where A- Anthranilate ion ,(PBu3)= tributylphosphine. M= Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II) and Zn(II). The prepared complexes were characterized using flame atomic absorption, by FT-IR, UV/visible spectra methods as well as magnetic susceptibility and conductivity measurements. The metal complexes were tested in vitro against three types of pathogenic bacteria microorganisms: (Staphylococcus, Klebsiella SPP .and Bacillas)to assess their antimicrobial properties. Results. The study shows that all complexes have octahedral geometry; in addition, it has high activity against tested bacteria. Based on th
... Show MoreMixed ligand of Co and Ni (II) complexes were prepared from [5-(p-nitrophenyl)-4/-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-dithiocarbamato hydrazide](TRZ.DTC) as primary ligand and 2,2'-bipyridyl (bipy) as a co-ligand with metal salts. These complexes were analytically and spectroscopically characterized in solid state by elemental analyses, flame atomic absorption, magnetic susceptibility and molar conductance measurements, as well as by UV–Vis and FTIR spectroscopy. Infrared, ultra violet spectra reveal a bidentate coordination of the two ligands with metal ions 1:1:1 mole ratio. Room temperature magnetic moments and solid reflectance spectra data indicate paramagnetic complexes with five-coordinate square pyramidal geometry for nickel (II) comple
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