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The role of C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, interleukin-6 and neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio as a laboratory biomarker in COVID-19
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Biomarkers such as Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP) and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) have a role in the pathogenesis of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of this study was to explore the differences between serum levels of such biomarkers in severe and non-severe COVID-19 cases and compare them with normal people and to evaluate the sociodemographic variables and chronic diseases effect on the severity of COVID-19. The study included 160 subjects, divided into two groups, a case group of 80 patients, and a control group of 80 normal persons. The case group was divided into two subgroups: 40 severe COVID-19 patients and 40 patients with non-severe disease. Blood IL-6 was assessed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), PCT by an immunoassay, CRP by an immunoturbidimetric assay and NLR from CBC. The levels of IL-6, PCT, CRP, and NLR were significantly higher in the case group than in control group (p= 0.001, for all). However, there was no difference between these biomarkers level in the non-severe COVID-19 subgroup and the control group (p>0.05 for all). The proportion of severe COVID-19 was significantly higher in patients aged >50 years, and in patients with chronic diseases (p=0.046 and p=0.001, respectively). We also found a strong correlation between such biomarkers and old age, and chronic diseases with the disease severity. There was a significant difference in the level of the three biomarkers (IL-6, PCT, CRP, and NLR) between patients’ subgroups and the control group. In conclusion, since the levels of these biomarkers are correlated with the severity of the COVID-19 disease, and there was a difference in the levels between the groups with severe and non-severe symptoms, we suggest a role of these biomarkers in predicting the severity COVID-19 disease and its poor prognosis.

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 24 2022
Journal Name
Plant Archives
USE OF APRICOT KERNELS PROTEIN ISOLATE IN BURGER INDUSTRY
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The current study was conducted with the aim of fortifying meat burger with the protein isolate extracted from defatted sweetened and unsweetened apricot kernels. The antimicrobial activity of defatted apricot kernels and protein isolates of sweetened and unsweetened kernels against some pathogenic microbes was studied, and it was characterized by its effect on gram-positive bacteria more than gram-negative bacteria. As for its effect on yeast, the inhibition diameter was 4.5 mm at a concentration of 200 mg for the unsweetened protein isolate. As for its effect on mold, the inhibition percentage was between 56.05 65.21% for all samples at a concentration of 100 mg. The sweetened and unsweetened protein isolate was used in the manufact

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 02 2017
Journal Name
Al-academy
The semiology of culture and the sign variable in a theatre performance: Iraqi theatre as an example
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The culture of theatre performance has a vital role in the process of reading the linguistic and visual signs of the performance. And the process of transforming a theatre performance from its original context into a new hosting cultural context starts from the actual reading of the text. Directors derives their new signs out of his personal culture, depending on the society where they lives and the culture that forms the social conventions, traditions and beliefs. The text is usually written within its own historical and temporal culture. The process of its production usually takes it away from its original culture, when it interprets the codes of the original writer and their visual and linguistic signs and instils new alternative sign

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 04 2011
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Purification and characterization of Streptococcus pyogenes superantigen (Spe-C)
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From 144 specimens of tonsillitis which were collected from patient, (children of 3 -12 year olds) there were 70 isolates beta hemolytic and 28 isolates were identified as S. pyogenes. Sensitivity of S. pyogenes isolates to antibiotics was tested, all isolates were sensitive to amoxicillin and cephaloxia while higher resistant were to erythromycin. One isolate whiche was 100 A had a stable characteristics and produce pyrogenic toxin was chosen for study and it was purified and characterized from the cell free supernatant of S. pyrogenes strain.

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 01 2013
Journal Name
Ijbpas
ALTERATION OF IMMUNE MEDIATORS IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATITIS B AND C VIRUS INFECTION
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HBV and HCV are the major causes of chronic liver diseases throughout the world, and constitute a major global health risk. There is accumulated evidence that the imbalance of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine production may play an important role in the pathogenesis of viral hepatic infections and may influence the clinical outcome and disease progression. This study was undertaken to analyze the circulating levels of Tumor Necrotic Factor (TNF-α) and Th2 cytokine IL-10 in patients infected with Hepatitis B and C virus. The study population consisted of 30 patients with chronic HBV, in addition to other 30 patients with chronic HCV infection were recruited on their first examination at the Al-Kindy General Hospital in Baghdad

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 09 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Phenol Removal Using Granular Dead Anaerobic Sludge Permeable Reactive Barrier in a Simulated Groundwater Pilot Plant
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This study investigates the performance of granular dead anaerobic sludge (GDAS) bio-sorbent as permeable reactive barrier in removing phenol from a simulated contaminated shallow groundwater. Batch tests have been performed to characterize the equilibrium sorption properties of the GDAS and sandy soil in phenol-containing aqueous solutions. The results of GDAS tests proved that the best values of operating parameters, which achieve the maximum removal efficiency of phenol (=85%), at equilibrium contact time (=3 hr), initial pH of the solution (=5), initial phenol concentration (=50 mg/l), GDAS dosage (=0.5 g/100 ml), and agitation speed (=250 rpm). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis proved that the carboxylic acid, aromatic, alk

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 30 2023
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The Role of Website Users in the Consumption of Notifications: A Field Study of Websites
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This research seeks to explore the impact of notifications on enhancing user engagement with websites, primarily through user subscriptions and their interaction with notifications on these websites. The significance of this study lies in its implications for crafting compelling headlines that capture users' attention, streamline their access to journalistic content, and align with the objectives and editorial policies of news websites. It sheds light on the factors influencing users' preferences for specific notifications and their engagement with content based on their individual interests, motivations, and the satisfaction derived from such interactions.
The researcher has reached several key findings, inc

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Publication Date
Fri Apr 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Colistin as A Good Monotherapy to Restrain the Pathogenicity of Acinetobacter baumannii In vivo and In vitro
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        Acinetobacter baumannii  (A. baumannii) is a major opportunistic nosocomial pathogen, mostly resistant to several groups of antibiotics. Colistin is now used as a last-line treatment for isolates that are highly resistant. The purpose of this study is to identify the importance of LptD; which is involved in the translocation of LPS from the inner membrane to the outer membrane in compartment with LptA and LptC of A. baumannii and its indispensable role as a virulence factor, and the efficiency of colistin as a monotherapy. In the current research, two isolates of A.baumannii were used, the local isolate HHR1 isolated from urine sample and the global strain ATCC 17904, and three antibiot

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Corporate And Business Strategy Review
The role of governance mechanisms in trust-building strategies: A comparative analytical study in public and private banks
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The study aims to build a model that enhances trust-building for public and private banks to compare and determine the significant differences between public and private banks, by testing the impact of governance mechanisms (transparency, accountability, justice, independence, and social responsibility) (Agere, 2000) on trust-building strategies (trust and trust building, people management, work relations, training and development, leadership practices, and communications) (Ngalo, 2011; Stone et al., 2005), to indicate the level of employees’ awareness of the theoretical contents of the two variables and their importance to banking work, with the aim of improving performance. The main question is the role of governance mechanisms

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Using financial ratio to compare performance of the commercial and the Islamic banks Listed on Palestine Exchange
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        The research aimed to compare the performance of the commercial and the  Islamic banks listed in the Palestinian's Stock Exchange .To achieve the objectives of the study we selected all  the commercial and the Islamic banks listed in the Palestinian Stock Exchange  to obtain the necessary data for the analysis process during the period of (2009-2013) .the comparison based on the performance indicators ( liquidity rate, profitability rate ,the activity rate and the market rate).

        a statistical method was used to analyze the date to find the performance differences between the commercial banks,

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 30 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Role of Quality of Work Life in Reinforcing Core Competencies: A Descriptive and analytical research in the Ministry of Health
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The research aims to diagnose the shortcomings and weaknesses in applying the dimensions of the quality of work life and the extent of their impact on employees’ attitudes and behaviors, and thus their relationship to enhancing their core competencies. The scientific value of the research stems from highlighting the importance of the dimensions of the quality of professional life in improving the productive efficiency of workers in the public sector and raising the level of organizational performance. Because the quality of working life plays an important role in enhancing the core competencies of employees in the public sector, it can also be an incentive or a disincentive for any employee by adapting to the economic and social condit

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