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Performance analysis of optical communication networks utilizing optical fibers and OFDM technology
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This document provides an examination of research, on combining orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and optical fibers in communication networks. With the increasing need for data speeds and efficient use of bandwidth experts have been exploring the connection between OFDM, valued for its ability to handle multipath interference and optimize spectral usage and optical fiber technology which provides superior data transmission capabilities with low signal loss and strong protection, against electromagnetic disturbances. The review summarizes discoveries from studies examining the pros and cons of using OFDM, in optical communication networks. It discusses obstacles like fiber nonlinearity, chromatic dispersion and the effects of phase noise while also assessing solutions suggested in research. Furthermore, the paper contrasts performance measures such as bit error rate signal, to noise ratio and usage to show how OFDM can improve the efficiency and dependability of optical fiber systems. Through combining findings from theoretical and simulation driven studies this analysis showcases the progress and existing hurdles in merging OFDM with optical fiber technologies. It serves as a reference, for endeavors, in cutting edge communication networks.

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 28 2025
Journal Name
Series On Biomechanics
Design and fabrication of bidirectional soft actuator for prosthetic hand applications
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Objective: In this work we design and evaluate a bidirectional pneumatic soft actuator made from silicone rubber (RTV2 C10) for the use in prosthetic hand. The actuator aimed to enhance flexibility and provide motion in two directions that mimic the actions of the human fingers. Materials and Methods: Two parallel air chambers are used in the actuator design where each chamber is divided into smaller internal cavities. These chambers are linked through a narrow connecting channel. The fabrication process relied on a molding technique based on 3D printed molds. Three separate mold components were designed and printed to allow accurate casting of silicone rubber into the desired shape. The completed actuators were then tested using an experim

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 04 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Temptation and Intimidation in the Holy Quran and the Sunna And their Teaching – learning Perspectives
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Methods of teaching plays an important vole in the educational process
because is the link between the teacher and the learner. The process of
teaching doesut fulfill the desirable results unless the methods of guiding and
teaching are provided and through a qualified educationalist capable of
communicating the syllabus to the students in an easy and clear way. In spite
of the diversity of the methods of teaching ,there is no one way suitable for all
the educational purposes , all the sciences ,all the subjects ,all the levels of
growth ,levels of teaching, maturity and intelligences ,all teachers and
educationalists and all the circum stances surrounding the teaching processes
.The teacher is the one who choos

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Rsc Advances
Acyclic and cyclic imines and their metal complexes: recent progress in biomaterials and corrosion applications
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The contemporary development applications on scientific areas of acyclic and cyclic Schiff bases and their complexes.

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Some Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Magnetic Reactive Powder Concrete Containing Nano Silica
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         This study involves the design of 24 mixtures of fiber reinforced magnetic reactive powder concrete containing nano silica. Tap water was used for 12 of these mixtures, while magnetic water was used for the others. The nano silica (NS) with ratios (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3) % by weight of cement, were used for all the mixtures. The results have shown that the mixture containing 2.5% NS gives the highest compressive strength at age 7 days. Many different other tests were carried out, the results have shown that the carbon fiber reinforced magnetic reactive powder concrete containing 2.5% NS (CFRMRPCCNS) had higher compressive strength, modulus of rupture, splitting tension, str

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Publication Date
Sun Nov 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences And Applications
A Comparative Study of Topical Azailic Acid Cream 20% and Active Lotion Containing Triethyl Citrate and Ethyl Linoleate in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Acne Vulgaris
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HR Al-Hamamy, AA Noaimi, IA Al-Turfy, AI Rajab, Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications, 2015

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Aip Conference Proceedings
Plasma levels and diagnostic utility of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in the diagnosis of Iraqi women with breast tumor: A comparative study with Ca 15-3
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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Aip Conference Proceedings
Plasma levels and diagnostic utility of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in the diagnosis of Iraqi women with breast tumor: A comparative study with Ca 15-3
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Publication Date
Sun Jun 06 2010
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Study the effect of Grave's disease on the different tissues and organs of the body by using Wayne Thyrotoxicosis Diagnostic Index(WTDI) and Basel Metabolic Index(BMI)
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The present work aimed to study the effect of Grave's disease on the different tissues and organs of the body by using Wayne Thyrotoxicosis Diagnostic Index (WTDI) and Basel Metabolic Index (BMI). To reach such aim, (35) patients were involved (25 females and 10 males). A control group of (15) healthy individuals (10 females and 5 males) was selected for comparison , as well as , the following: 1- Wayne Thyrotoxicosis Diagnostic Index (WTDI) applied on patient group and control group under the supervision of specialist medical team , this index include (19) sign and symptom , the appearance of one of them may be lead to the others. The sings and symptoms of the index appear only on the patients. There is no Significant di

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 07 2014
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Study the effect of a new nikel (II) Complex and anticancer drug (cp) on Liver enzyme activity (GPT,GOT) and Creatinine level in Kidney of femal mice
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This study involved the effect of anew nickel (II) complexs with formla [NiL2(H2O)2].2.5ETOH where L=Bis[5-(p-nitrophenyL)-4-phenyL-1,2,4-traizole-3-dithocarbamato hydrazide] diaqua. nickel(II). Ethanol(2.5).and anti-cancer drug cyclophosphamide on specific actifity of two Liver enzymes (GOT,GPT) in the (Liver,kidney) tissues and on the creatinine Level in the kidney byUtilizing an invivosystem in femalmice.The result showed that inhibition in the activity of GPT and GOT enzymes in theLiver and in both nickel (II) complex and cyclophosphamide drug (CP) . mice weretreated with three doses (90,180,320) µg/mouse for three days for each group.The Liver show's the highest rate of GPT inhibition was about 97.43% at180µg/mouse regarding the ki

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 20 2019
Journal Name
Open Access Macedonian Journal Of Medical Sciences
Prevalence of Montelukast Use as an Add-On Therapy among Iraqi Asthmatics on Treatment Attending Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital and Al-Zahraa Center of Asthma and Allergy
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BACKGROUND: Montelukast (Singulair) is a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist, used for the maintenance treatment of asthma and to relieve symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis and asthma, also used for exercise-induced bronchospasm. AIM: This study was performed to determine the prevalence of Montelukast use as an add-on therapy among Iraqi asthmatic patients on treatment. Comparing the effectiveness of regimens with and without montelukast. METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on 73 Iraqi asthmatic patients on treatment of both sexes with age range (18-60) years old, attending Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital and Al-Zahraa Centre of Asthma and Allergy, Baghdad, for the period between February

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