Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have gained much attention as biodegradable polymers, many efforts are being made to minimize the cost of PHAs by finding cheap carbon source depending on the type of microorganism and fermentation conditions. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of different glucose concentrations and other important conditions on the PHA production by Bacillus cereus isolated from soil. Polyhydroxyalkanoates PHAs accumulated by soil microorganisms were examined by screening the isolated bacteria using Sudan B Black and Nile Blue staining process. A Gram positive strain was identified using the 16s rRNA gene, deposited in the NCBI GenBank sequence database. Different growth conditions (favorite glucose concentrations 1-8 % (w/v), temperatures and pH) were tested and the growth parameters (sugar consumption, cell counting and Cell Dry Weight CDW) were studied. The extracted polymers were analyzed and characterized using an FTIR spectrophotometer followed by a GC-MS analysis. The pure bacterial strain isolated from soil was deposited in the NCBI GenBank database B. cereus strain ARY73, which showed significant black colored granules (or dark blue) using Sudan B Black stain, it also showed positive to Nile blue A as a high indicator stain for PHA accumulation. B. cereus ARY73 showed high production of PHA using (w/v): 2% glucose and 1% nitrogen source at 35 °C and pH7 yields 79% per Cell Dry Weight and 96 h of incubation. The extracted polymers were analyzed and characterized using an FTIR spectrophotometer confirming the PHA structure. The FTIR spectrophotometer, followed by a GC-MS analysis indicated the Scl-co-mcl PHA structure. This research demonstrates that the isolated strain B. cereus ARY73 was a good candidate for PHA production with a better quality for use in biomedical and other applications. The use of biopolymer in soil, enhanced the accumulation of the microorganisms (such as bacteria) capable of degrading biopolymer or biodegradation by-products yields by other species which were isolated in this
Abstract
This research deals with studying and analysis of a poetic group under the
title (Trees behind fence) of the great poet Dr. Ahmed Sulaiman AlAhmed
who is the some of the Shek , Sulaiman Al-Ahmed who is the linguist - poet
and famous jurist member in the Arabic scientific assemble in Damascus and
brother of the great poet Badawi Al-Jabal. This poetic group include two big
poetic legends : the first one is (Trees behind fence , ) which include one
hundred and eighty four line and the second one ( AZ-Mebadia ) which is
consists of one hundred and seventy eight line, both of them from the (Al-
Camil ) meter which is free rhyme which bears a many meaning and pictures
and just the great poet composite the
During the educational practices in the Spanish department at the Faculty of Languages , University of Baghdad , we noticed that the personal pronouns in effect replaced by the direct and indirect characterized hardly be expressed , and the difficulty of her education.
Rationale: I chose this topic because the personal pronouns differ between the Spanish language and the Arabic language. We believe that this study may be useful not only for language teachers, but also for students, because it can contribute to a greater awareness of and correct weaknesses.
Objectives: To apply the model from which to address the problems in the use of personal pronouns Spanish , and the difference between effect of direct and indire
... Show MoreThe scholastic view of public religion differed, and this difference was on two extremes. All economic schools agreed that public debt is a monetary liquidity that was unjustly deducted from the income and output cycle as a result of the imbalance in the economic balance and the departure from the conditions of balance between aggregate demand and aggregate supply. Debt is a waste of financial resources allocated to productive accumulation. Except for the Keynesian school, which considers public debt to be an addition to aggregate demand after the decline in the role of the private sector in investment as a result of pessimistic expectations that warn of signs of economic contraction. Public debt is linked to the ex
... Show MoreThe study aimed to know the effect of the use alcoholic ethanol extraction of Boswellia Carterii In prolonging the period of preservation cooled ground meat in 4C for 6 days, it has been mixing ground meat with 150,300,450 mg/ml of alcoholic extract Consecutive, Where (0 was the control sample), All samples were stored separately for 0 , 3 , 6 days in Refrigerator temperature 4 C, Conducted by some microbial tests, Results have shown that mixing the ground meat with Boswellia Carterii extraction Led to prolong the storage of meat for 6 days at 4 C .and the Best result came when adding alcoholic ethanol extract of Boswellia Carterii by 450mg/ml Which Equal 0.9 g ,that reducing microbial load more higher than 150&300 mg/ml. All of thes
... Show MoreThe transition structure is considered as the most important hydraulic structure controlling the w/s transtion, morever it decrease the scouring of outlet structure.
seven experiment samples for transition structure was used in this research at different angles ( 10° - 90° ).
It was shown that froud number has a clear effect on the depth of the scouring, morever the high discharge rates cause an increase of the ratio between the length of the scour and its depth.
In order to select the best flaring angle it was shown that the angle of 40° has the most discharge rate, least structure length and least angle scour depth, with the firmly of t
... Show MoreIncreasing need for day after day to find ways and innovative means of
helping to educate and give children the skills of different kind, has found a
researcher on the subject of hats, six room to give children language skills
through the experience of field reconnaissance conducted on the three
children found that language skills improved, he decided to make these study.
Objectives of the study:
Understand the differences between the experimental group first (the way the
debate) and second (six caps) depending on the test post administration.
to identify the language skills of the second group according to the pre and
post test
Differences between males and females in the second group (Six Hats)
Search T