The prostaglandins inside inflamed tissues are produced by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), making it an important target for improving anti-inflammatory medications over a long period. Adverse effects have been related to the traditional usage of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the treatment of inflammation, mainly centered around gastrointestinal (GI) complications. The current research involves the creation of a virtual library of innovative molecules showing similar drug properties via a structure-based drug design. A library that includes five novel derivatives of Diclofenac was designed. Subsequently, molecular docking through the Glide module and determining the binding free energy implementing the Prime-MMGBSA module by the Schrödinger software package was used to identify compounds that showed marked specificity towards the COX-2 isoform. In addition, the ligands are subject to evaluation of their drug-like properties and ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) characteristics using the QikProp module. Finally, molecular dynamics simulation has been calculated for the best molecule. The docking results indicated that all compounds own a predictive capability for specific binding to the COX-2 enzyme compared to the standard drug with a docking score range from -10.07 to -10.66 Kcal/mole, thus potentially overcoming the limitations imposed previously by the drugs currently used in clinical use. The ADMET analysis of the virtually active compounds demonstrated an acceptable drug-like profile and desirable pharmacokinetics properties. MM/GBSA calculation revealed that all the suggested compounds exhibited favorable free binding energies (-49.150 to - 60.185 Kcal/mole), indicating their strong potential to fit well into the COX-2 receptor. Finally, the MD simulation study revealed that compound 1 had perfect alignment with COX-2 receptor. The findings indicated that the compounds possess a predictive capability for specific binding to the COX-2 enzyme, thus potentially surmounting the restrictions imposed by the drugs currently employed in clinical use.
Diabetes is one of the increasing chronic diseases, affecting millions of people around the earth. Diabetes diagnosis, its prediction, proper cure, and management are compulsory. Machine learning-based prediction techniques for diabetes data analysis can help in the early detection and prediction of the disease and its consequences such as hypo/hyperglycemia. In this paper, we explored the diabetes dataset collected from the medical records of one thousand Iraqi patients. We applied three classifiers, the multilayer perceptron, the KNN and the Random Forest. We involved two experiments: the first experiment used all 12 features of the dataset. The Random Forest outperforms others with 98.8% accuracy. The second experiment used only five att
... Show MoreThis study aims to calculate the percentage of loss and its causes of the horticultural crops tangerines and Seville oranges in Baghdad governorate for the 2020 agricultural season and estimate the economic impacts of losses both crops tangerines and Seville oranges at the study samples level. The research followed both methods descriptive and the quantitative mathematical in estimating the loss of horticultural crops from tangerines and Seville oranges trees and calculating the economic impact of this loss. The results showed that the percentage of losses of tangerines and Seville oranges crops on the level of wholesalers was about 12% and 13% respectively; causing economic losses estimated at about 3184.41 Euro. The results also displayed
... Show MoreThe Geological modeling has been constructed by using Petrel E&P software to incorporate data, for improved Three-dimensional models of porosity model, water saturation, permeability estimated from core data, well log interpretation, and fault analysis modeling.
Three-dimensional geological models attributed with physical properties constructed from primary geological data. The reservoir contains a huge hydrocarbon accumulation, a unique geological model characterization with faults, high heterogeneity, and a very complex field in nature.
The results of this study show that the Three-dimensional geological model of Khasib reservoir, to build the reservoir model starting with evaluation of reservoir to interpretation o
... Show MoreLandforms on the earth surface are so expensive to map or monitor. Remote Sensing observations from space platforms provide a synoptic view of terrain on images. Satellite multispectral data have an advantage in that the image data in various bands can be subjected to digital enhancement techniques for highlighting contrasts in objects for improving image interpretability. Geomorphological mapping involves the partitioning of the terrain into conceptual spatial entities based upon criteria. This paper illustrates how geomorphometry and mapping approaches can be used to produce geomorphological information related to the land surface, landforms and geomorphic systems. Remote Sensing application at Razzaza–Habbaria area southwest of Razz
... Show MoreIn the present study, five derivatives have been designed to be synthesized as possible mutual prodrugs for 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to selectively deliver the drugs into the cancer cells. The synthesis of the target compounds were accomplished following multistep reaction procedures, the chemical reaction followed up and the purity of the products were checked by TLC. The structure of the final compounds and their intermediates were confirmed by their melting points, infrared spectroscopy and elemental microanalysis, the hydrolysis of compound III was studied using HPLC technique. According to the results mentioned above, compounds (I−V) can be good candidates as possible mutual prod
... Show MoreThis study aims to model the flank wear prediction equation in metal cutting, depending on the workpiece material properties and almost cutting conditions. A new method of energy transferred solution between the cutting tool and workpiece was introduced through the flow stress of chip formation by using the Johnson-Cook model. To investigate this model, an orthogonal cutting test coupled with finite element analysis was carried out to solve this model and finding a wear coefficient of cutting 6061-T6 aluminum and the given carbide tool.
Ball and Plate (B&P) system is a benchmark system in the control engineering field that has been used to verify many control methods. In this paper the design of a sliding mode . controller has been investigated and verified in real-time via implementation on a real ball and plate system hardware. The mathematical model has been derived and the necessary parameters have been measured. The sliding mode controller has been designed based on the obtained mathematical model. The resulting controller has been implemented using the Arduino Mega 2560 and a ball and plate system built completely from scratch. The Arduino has been programmed by the Arduino support target for Simulink. Three test signals has been used for verification purposes
... Show MoreThe current study aims to develop a teaching design in accordance with cluster thinking strategies and explore the effect of this teaching design on students’ achievement in science. To this end, the null hypothesis was adopted: there is no statistically significant difference at the level of (0, 05) between experimental group who adopted the teaching design in learning science and control group who follow the traditional method in learning the same subject. To test the null hypothesis, total of (74) students from Al-Alaama Hussain Mahfooth intermediate school were selected intentionally for the academic year 2016-2017. The sample divided into two equal groups when all the variables (age, prior achievement of science,
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