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Circulating B-cell activating Factor in Multiple Myeloma Patients and Its Correlations with Serum Levels of β2-Microglobulin and Interleukin-6
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Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells within the bone marrow. In most patients, monoclonal immunoglobulin heavy chains or light chains are produced and are associated with organ dysfunction. The growth factor B-cell activating factor (BAFF) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma due to its ability to promote B-cell survival, expansion, and differentiation. Objective:  to measure the circulatory level of B-cell activating factor in multiple myeloma patients in relapsed and remission states and explore its possible correlations with the clinical staging, β2-microglobulin, and interleukin-6. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 60 multiple myeloma patients, with 30 in remission and 30 in relapse, as well as 20 healthy individuals serving as a control group. The study was conducted in the Hematology department of Baghdad Teaching Hospital in the Medical City Complex from January to September 2020. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique was used to measure plasma levels of B-cell activating factor, β2-microglobulin, and interleukin-6.                                                                                                     Results: The B-cell activating factor levels were significantly higher in multiple myeloma patients compared to the control, and in relapsed patients compared to those in remission. The level of B-cell activating factor increased with advanced disease, in both remission and relapse states. There are positive correlations with β2-microglobulin and interleukin-6 levels in both relapsed and remission states. Conclusion: Increased B-cell activating factor level in relapse more than remission states is a useful biomarker of disease activity in multiple myeloma and has positive correlations with β2-microglobulin and interleukin-6 levels.

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 02 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
An Instructional Design According to the Active Learning Model and Its Effect on Students' Achievement in Chemistry for Fifth Intermediate Stage
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The objective of the research is to identify the effect of an instructional design according to the active learning modelsالباحثين in the achievement of the students of the fifth grade, the instructional design was constructed according to the active learning models for the design of education. The research experience was applied for a full academic year (the first & the second term of 2017-2018). The sample consisted of 58 students, 28 students for the experimental group and 30 students for the control group. The experimental design was adopted with partial and post-test, the final achievement test consisted of (50) objectives and essays items on two terms, the validity of the test was verified by the adoption of the Kudoric

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 15 2020
Journal Name
Al-academy
Feminist Lament and its Representations in Contemporary Arab Theatrical Text " Al-Khansaa' Play- A Model": نزار شبيب كريم-زينب نوري هاشم
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  The research addresses the feminist lament and its representations in the contemporary Arab theatrical text as one of the purposes of the Arabic poetry and its images, samples, and reasons developed and its incentives multiplied through different time periods in which a dramatic image and representations have been manifested that harmonized with the art of theatre. In order to shed light on these representations, this study has come to look for the representations of lament phenomenon in the Arab theatre texts.
The study consists of an introduction in which the two researchers put forward the research problem, significance and objectives, and a theoretical framework which tackles a theoretical foundation for the research consi

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 01 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Isolation and Classification of Green Alga Stigeoclonium attenuatum and Evaluation of its Ability to Prepare Zinc Oxide Nanoflakes for Methylene Blue Photodegradation by Sunlight
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           Algae have been used in different applications in various fields such as the pharmaceutical industry, environmental treatments, and biotechnology. Studies show that the preparation of nanoparticles by a green synthesis method is a promising solution to many medical and environmental issues. In the current study, the green alga Stigeoclonium attenuatum (Hazen) F.S. Collins 1909 was isolated and identified from the Al-Hillah River (Governorate of Babylon) in the middle of Iraq. The green synthesis by the aqueous extract of algae was used to prepare the nanoflakes of ZnO. Nanoflakes of ZnO are characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) with flakes shape and dimensions ranging be

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Alloys And Compounds
Conversion of preferred crystalline orientation by annealing and its impacts on the structural, electronic, and optical properties of pulsed laser-deposited CdO thin films
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Computed tomographic measurement of maxillary sinus volume and dimension in correlation to the age and gender (comparative study among individuals with dentate and edentulous maxilla)
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Background : Although development and progress in various diagnostic methods, but still identification of remnants of skeletal and decomposing parts of human is one of the most difficult skills in forensic medicine . Gender and age estimation is also considering an important problem in the identification of unknown skull. The aims of study: To estimate volume and dimension of maxillary sinus in individuals with dentate and edentulous maxillae using CT scan, and to correlate the maxillary sinus volume in relation to gender and age. Materials and Methods : This study included 120 patients ranged from (40-69 years), divided into two groups, dentate group with fully dentate maxilla and edentulous group with complete edentulous maxilla, and e

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 27 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Impact of Gliclazide Modified Release or Glimepiride as Add-on Therapy to Metformin on Glycemic and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
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Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a condition characterized by an elevation of oxidative stress, which has been implicated in diabetic progression and its vascular complications. Aim: Assessing the impact of gliclazide modified release (MR) versus glimepiride on oxidative stress markers, glycemic indices, lipid profile, and estimated glomerular filtration rate in uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients on metformin monotherapy. Methods: This was an observational comparative study conducted in Thi-Qar specialized diabetic, endocrine, and metabolism center. Sixty-six patients were randomized into two groups based on the addition of the sulfonylureas (SUs). Group 1 (33 patients) was on gliclazide MR, whereas Group 2 (33 patients)

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 31 2019
Journal Name
International Journal Of Ambient Energy
Energy generation by membraneless microfluidic fuel cell using acidic wastewater as a fuel
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A simple and novel membraneless paper-based microfluidic fuel cell was presented in this study. The occurrence of laminar flow was employed to ensure no mixing of the fuel and oxidant fluids along the bath of reaction. The acidic wastewater was used as a fuel. It was an air-breathing cell, so air and tab water were used as oxidants. Both the fuel and tab water flowed continuously under gravity. Whatman filter paper was used for preparation of the fuel cell channel and two carbon fibre electrodes were used and firmed on the edges of the cell. The performance of the cell was examined over three consecutive days. The results indicated that the present cell has the potential to generate electric power, but an extensive study is required to harv

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 27 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Materials Science: Materials In Electronics
Areca catechu extracted natural new sensitizer for dye-sensitized solar cell: performance evaluation
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Publication Date
Thu Sep 01 2022
Journal Name
Translational Research In Anatomy
Unusual large central sphenoethmoidal cell separating the two sphenoid sinuses - A case report
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Publication Date
Fri Apr 12 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Transformational leadership and its role in organizational success An analytical study of the views of a sample of employees at the Faculty of Education, Samarra University
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This research aims to know the role of transformational leadership in the organizational success of the College of Education at Samarra University. The researcher adopted the analytical descriptive method in analyzing the research problem. The research included two main hypotheses that resulted in four hypotheses that were subjected to statistical tests. A sample of (54) The researcher used the survey method as a main tool for collecting data and information as well as visits and structured interviews that took place during the period of application. The research reached a set of conclusions and recommendations among the conclusions that there is an art relationship There is a strong and moral impact between transformational lead

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