Dysmenorrhea is a common menstrual disorder among young women and is frequently associated with physical discomfort, emotional distress, and functional limitations. Among medical students, the demanding academic environment may further exacerbate its impact. However, data from Iraqi medical students remain limited, despite the potential academic and quality-of-life consequences. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of dysmenorrhea, its impact on academic performance and quality of life, and associated coping strategies and health-seeking behaviors among female medical students.
A cross-sectional pilot study was conducted among female medical students at Al-Kindy College of Medicine, Baghdad, Iraq, during the 2024–2025 academic year. Data were collected using a structured, self-administered online questionnaire assessing menstrual characteristics, pain severity, academic functioning, quality-of-life domains, coping strategies, and healthcare utilization. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were performed using SPSS version 28. Statistical significance was set at
Among 100 participants, 89% reported experiencing dysmenorrhea, of whom 72% described their pain as severe. More than half of the students reported difficulty attending classes and reduced concentration during lectures due to menstrual pain. Dysmenorrhea was also associated with negative effects on daily activities, emotional wellbeing, and sleep quality. Severe dysmenorrhea was significantly associated with reduced concentration (
Dysmenorrhea is highly prevalent among Iraqi female medical students and has a substantial negative impact on academic performance and quality of life. These findings highlight the need for institution-based menstrual health promotion initiatives, increased awareness, and supportive academic policies to improve student wellbeing and educational outcomes.
