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RAPD Fingerprinting and Genetic Diversity of Salmonella Spp. Isolated from Broiler and Layer Flocks in Karbala, Iraq
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Salmonellosis in poultry is one of the most significant bacterial infections causing mortality, reduced production, and serious economic losses. This study aimed to study the molecular diversity among Salmonella isolates and investigate the epidemiological spread of these bacteria in broiler and layer chicken flocks in five different farms in Karbala, Iraq, using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In total, 217 cloac a swabs were collected from the farms, out of which 129 and 88 swabs were taken from broiler and layer chickens. The samples were screened by PCR for S. enterica subsp. enterica using primers specific for the invA gene. Afterward, RAPD-PCR with uniplex or multiplex octamer primers was applied to genotype the isolates. The incidence rate of Salmonella infections in broilers and layers was estimated to be 27.9% and 12.5%. The uniplex primers P2 and P3, along with the multiplex primers yielded discriminatory patterns. Moreover, the RAPD typing showed a diverse range of banding patterns of Salmonella spp. Dendrograms created through GelJ software revealed various Salmonella genotypes in broilers and layers. The RAPD-PCR could be used as an accurate and fast tool to identify genetic relatedness among Salmonella spp. The obtained results would assist researchers in epidemiological studies and controlling salmonellosis in poultry fields.

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 15 2022
Journal Name
Al-academy
The functional diversity of the directorial vision in the political theater cinema as a model
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It is very necessary for the political theater to be within the space of every theatrical performance, so that the theater carries the diverse and enlightened values and cultures of this world. political theatre. In the first chapter, the researcher dealt with (the methodological framework), which includes the research problem identified by the researcher with the following question (the functional diversity of the directorial vision in the political theater)
Importance, purpose, limits and seal by defining terminology.
In the second chapter, the researcher dealt with the theoretical framework on two topics, the first (transformations of directorial vision in theatrical performance) and the second topic (aesthetic experiences i

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 10 2007
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
Combination Effect of Laser, Antibiotics and Different Temperature on Locally Isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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In humans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the second most frequent gram negative nosocomial pathogen in hospitals and has the highest case-fatality rate of all hospital-acquired bacteremia because of the hardy resistance of these bacteria to mechanical cleansing as well as to disinfectant, and many antibiotics. The susceptibility of bacteria against the antibiotics is modulated by several local factors such as temperature which modified drug efficacy, so this study was carried out to evaluate the effect of different temperature (20,42,45)Ċon the susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the antimicrobial agents before and after irradiation. The samples collected from 150 persons suffering from

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
Wuhaib, K.m. , Hadi, B.h. , Hassan, W.a. Iraqi Journal Of Agricultural Sciences, 2016, 47(5), Pp. 1151–1165
Some genetic parameter in maize using full diallel crosses
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Publication Date
Sun Apr 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Measurement of emotional disorders in young people Who suffer from unemployment in Iraq?
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Generally, there are many problems that people run into; unemployment is one of these common diseases which usually hits the whole communities leaving crucial effects (economic, social, and psychological) that are difficult to handle them. The current study aims to identify the level of emotional disorders among Iraqi unemployed alumni for the academic years (2013-2016). To this end, the researchers have prepared a questionnaire to measure (anxiety, depression, and anger): these criteria distributed over (30) item. As for sample, it limited to (50) male and female student. The findings of study have revealed that the whole sample showed a high level of emotional disorders, and anger disorder showed higher level than the level of (depress

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 12 2024
Journal Name
Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics And Optoelectronics
Numerical study of single-layer and interlayer grating polarizers based on metasurface structures for quantum key distribution systems
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Polarization is an important property of light, which refers to the direction of electric field oscillations. Polarization modulation plays an essential role for polarization encoding quantum key distribution (QKD). Polarization is used to encode photons in the QKD systems. In this work, visible-range polarizers with optimal dimensions based on resonance grating waveguides have been numerically designed and investigated using the COMSOL Multiphysics Software. Two structures have been designed, namely a singlelayer metasurface grating (SLMG) polarizer and an interlayer metasurface grating (ILMG) polarizer. Both structures have demonstrated high extinction ratios, ~1.8·103 and 8.68·104 , and the bandwidths equal to 45 and 55 nm for th

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 01 2021
Journal Name
Meta Gene
Genetic polymorphism of IL-17A (rs2275913) in Iraqi women with recurrent abortion and its relationship with susceptibility to toxoplasmosis
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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Plant Archives
A novel finding of il-9 genetic polymorphism (rs17317275) and serum level in rheumatoid arthritis patients infected with CMV
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RA is a complex chronic disease, primarily affects the lining of the synovial joints and can cause progressive disability, premature death, and socioeconomic burdens. The clinical manifestations of symmetrical joint involvement include arthralgia, swelling, redness, and even limiting the range of motion. The pathogenesis is not known therefore the study included Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of systemic inflammatory diseases that characterized by a progressive disabling course. The study included patients suffering from RA and as healthy controls. immunological and genetic factor were evaluated in each subject by using serum level of cytokine and genetic factor. The etiopathology of the disease is not well known for this reason the study

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Scopus
Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Research Journal Of Pharmacy And Technology
Molecular Genetic variability in the D-loop region for females with Breast Cancer and the effect of the Chemotherapy
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Publication Date
Mon Aug 29 2016
Journal Name
World Journal Of Experimental Biosciences (issn: 2313-3937)
Effect of lead on biofilm formation by environmental isolates of Bacillus spp.
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Biofilm formation is one of the biggest challenges of scientists. Role of heavy metals in forming biofilm is not clear enough. Here, the effect of lead on biofilm formation by Bacillus spp. isolated from soil in terms of biofilm formation and remove was studied. In present study, 10 isolates of Bacillus spp were isolated from soil. The ability of all isolates to form biofilm was evaluated. The effect of lead on biofilm formation was studied by adding lead (pb) before forming biofilm. In another experiment the lead was added after biofilm formation to study the effect of lead on biofilm remove. The current study, showed the ability of all studied isolates to form biofilm. Maximum biofilm formation by Bacillus spp isolate number 8 (B8) follow

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 29 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Measuring the efficiency of quality health services in the province of Karbala: Models using the Data envelopment analysis (DEA)
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  The research aims to measure  the efficiency of health services Quality  in the province of Karbala, using the Data Envelopment analysis Models in ( 2006). According to these models the degree of efficiency ranging between zero and unity. We estimate Scale efficiency  for two types of orientation direction, which are input and output oriented direction.

  The results showed, according Input-oriented efficiency that the levels of Scale efficiency on average is ( 0.975), in the province of Karbala. While the index of Output-oriented efficiency on average is (o.946).

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