Fractal image compression depends on representing an image using affine transformations. The main concern for researches in the discipline of fractal image compression (FIC) algorithm is to decrease encoding time needed to compress image data. The basic technique is that each portion of the image is similar to other portions of the same image. In this process, there are many models that were developed. The presence of fractals was initially noticed and handled using Iterated Function System (IFS); that is used for encoding images. In this paper, a review of fractal image compression is discussed with its variants along with other techniques. A summarized review of contributions is achieved to determine the fulfillment of fractal image compression, specifically for the block indexing methods based on the moment descriptor. Block indexing method depends on classifying the domain and range blocks using moments to generate an invariant descriptor that reduces the long encoding time. A comparison is performed between the blocked indexing technology and other fractal image techniques to determine the importance of block indexing in saving encoding time and achieving better compression ratio while maintaining image quality on Lena image.
This paper presents the matrix completion problem for image denoising. Three problems based on matrix norm are performing: Spectral norm minimization problem (SNP), Nuclear norm minimization problem (NNP), and Weighted nuclear norm minimization problem (WNNP). In general, images representing by a matrix this matrix contains the information of the image, some information is irrelevant or unfavorable, so to overcome this unwanted information in the image matrix, information completion is used to comperes the matrix and remove this unwanted information. The unwanted information is handled by defining {0,1}-operator under some threshold. Applying this operator on a given ma
... Show MoreIdentifying the total number of fruits on trees has long been of interest in agricultural crop estimation work. Yield prediction of fruits in practical environment is one of the hard and significant tasks to obtain better results in crop management system to achieve more productivity with regard to moderate cost. Utilized color vision in machine vision system to identify citrus fruits, and estimated yield information of the citrus grove in-real time. Fruit recognition algorithms based on color features to estimate the number of fruit. In the current research work, some low complexity and efficient image analysis approach was proposed to count yield fruits image in the natural scene. Semi automatic segmentation and yield calculation of fruit
... Show MoreAn image retrieval system is a computer system for browsing, looking and recovering pictures from a huge database of advanced pictures. The objective of Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) methods is essentially to extract, from large (image) databases, a specified number of images similar in visual and semantic content to a so-called query image. The researchers were developing a new mechanism to retrieval systems which is mainly based on two procedures. The first procedure relies on extract the statistical feature of both original, traditional image by using the histogram and statistical characteristics (mean, standard deviation). The second procedure relies on the T-
... Show MoreHM Al-Dabbas, RA Azeez, AE Ali, Iraqi Journal of Science, 2023
Around 65 million individuals suffer from epilepsy worldwide, and when it is not properly treated, it is linked to higher rates of physical harm and mortality. Due to the requirement for long‐term therapy and the side effects of many medications, medication compliance is a significant issue. The purpose of this review was to summarize the findings of previous studies examining the quality of life (QOL), adherence, patient education, and medication knowledge, as well as the impact of a pharmacist‐led educational intervention. Additionally, to find out if these studies benefit epileptic patients, to find the appropriate method used to help them in all aspects of their lives, and to use these in future studies. A systematic and comprehensi
... Show MoreHealth and safety problem can be described by statistics it can only be understood by knowing and feeling the pain, suffering, and depression. Health and safety has a legal responsibility to protect it for everyone who can affect in the workplace. This includes manufacturers, suppliers, designers and controllers of work places and employees. Work injury is one of the major problems in manufacturing and production systems industries; it is reduced production efficiency and affects the cost. To gain flexibility from a traditional manufacturing system and production efficiency, this paper is about the application of estimating technology to preview and synthesis of Lost Time of Work Injuries in industry systems aims to provide a safe workin
... Show MoreA new approach for baud time (or baud rate) estimation of a random binary signal is presented. This approach utilizes the spectrum of the signal after nonlinear processing in a way that the estimation error can be reduced by simply increasing the number of the processed samples instead of increasing the sampling rate. The spectrum of the new signal is shown to give an accurate estimate about the baud time when there is no apriory information or any restricting preassumptions. The performance of the estimator for random binary square waves perturbed by white Gaussian noise and ISI is evaluated and compared with that of the conventional estimator of the zero crossing detector.
This paper proposes a new password generation technique on the basis of mouse motion and a special case location recognized by the number of clicks to protect sensitive data for different companies. Two, three special locations click points for the users has been proposed to increase password complexity. Unlike other currently available random password generators, the path and number of clicks will be added by admin, and authorized users have to be training on it.
This method aims to increase combinations for the graphical password generation using mouse motion for a limited number of users. A mathematical model is developed to calculate the performance