Primary productivity and chlorophyll-a were used in this study to monitor the restoration process of southern Iraqi marshes (Al-Hewaizeh, central marshes, and Al-Hammar). The phytoplankton primary productivity was based on oxygen light/dark bottle method. Two different depths samples were taken monthly from six studied marshes stations (two stations for each marsh) during November 2005 to October 2006, while chlorophyll-a samples taken from surface water. The phytoplankton primary productivity values ranged 9.38 – 249.79 mg C/m3.hr for all marshes, its values for surface water sample ranged 11.71 – 256.24 mg C/m3.hr, while for 1m depth ranged 9.38 – 142.5 mg C/m3.hr. Chlorophyll-a values ranged between (1.1 – 21.26) µg/l indicating

Abstract: In this work we demonstrate and investigate the optical pulse propagation in a photonic band gap fiber Bragg grating (FBG). The light propagates in opposite direction in FBG is explained and discussed by a Coupled Mode Theory (CMT). The photonic band gap (stop band gap) is created by fabricated, a Bragg grating in optical fiber. The results show the pulse spectrum falls entirely within the stop band gap, the entire pulse is reflected by the grating, while when the pulse spectrum is outside the stop band gap the pulses will transmitted through the grating. The group velocity (VG) becomes zero at the edges of the stop band and group velocity dispersion β2 is anomalous on the shorter side of stop band gap whereas β2 for uniform fi

Nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate is important for high yield and good quality of potato tubers. In this dissertation, I seek to study the response of different potato cultivars under different N fertilizer rates and how that can impact tuber quality, examine the performance of active optical sensors in improving a potato yield prediction algorithm, and evaluate the ability of active optical sensors (GreenSeeker (GS) and Crop Circle (CC)) to optimize a N recommendation algorithm that can be used by potato growers in Maine. This research was conducted at 11 sites over a period of two years (2018–2019) in Aroostook County, Maine; all sites depended on a rainfed system. Three potato cultivars, Russet Burbank, Superior, and Shepody, were planted u

Collective C2 transitions in 32S are discussed for higher
energy configurations by comparing the calculations of transition
strength B(CJ  )with the experimental data. These configurations
are taken into account through a microscopic theory including
excitations from the core orbits and the model space orbits with nħω
excitations.
Excitations up to n=10 are considered. However n=6 seems to
be large enough for a sufficient convergence. The calculations
include the lowest seven 2+0 states of 32S.

A recurrent condition that affects up to 10% of people worldwide is gastric ulceration illness. The existence of gastric juice pH with the lowering of mucous defences is prerequisites for the development of chronic ulcers. The main variables affecting the mucosa susceptibility to damage include Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs). Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) including histamine-2 (H2) receptor inhibitors, two common therapies for peptic ulcers, have been linked to side impacts, recurrence or a variety of pharmacological combinations. Conversely, therapeutic herbs or the chemicals they contain may be used to cure or eliminate a wide range of illnesses. Therefore, prominent pharma

Many undergraduate learners at English departments who study English as a foreign language are unable to speak and use language correctly in their post -graduate careers.  This problem can be attributed to certain difficulties, which they faced throughout their education years that hinder their endeavors to learn. Therefore, this study aims to discover the main difficulties faced by EFL students in language learning and test the difficulty variable according to gender and college variables then find suitable solutions for enhancing learning.  A questionnaire with 15 items and 5 scales were used to help in discovering the difficulties. The questionnaire was distributed to the selected sample of study wh

Image segmentation can be defined as a cutting or segmenting process of the digital image into many useful points which are called segmentation, that includes image elements contribute with certain attributes different form Pixel that constitute other parts. Two phases were followed in image processing by the researcher in this paper. At the beginning, pre-processing image on images was made before the segmentation process through statistical confidence intervals that can be used for estimate of unknown remarks suggested by Acho & Buenestado in 2018. Then, the second phase includes image segmentation process by using "Bernsen's Thresholding Technique" in the first phase. The researcher drew a conclusion that in case of utilizing

This paper presents a minimum delay congestion control in differentiated Service communication networks. The premium and ordinary passage services based fluid flow theory is used to build the suggested structure in high efficient manage. The established system is capable to adeptly manage both the physical network resource limitations and indefinite time delay related to networking system structure.