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Association of the rs1801133 and rs1801131 polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene and the adverse drug reaction of methotrexate treatment in a sample of Iraqi rheumatoid arthritis patients

Background: Methotrexate is one of the mainstays for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with a wide range of adverse drug reactions, however, it’s the relationship between adverse drug reactions and genetic polymorphism remains to be highlighted, and there is a lack of studies concerning Arabic Iraqi population regarding this aspect.

Objective: Evaluate the association between genetic mutations in the MTHFR gene in SNPs (rs1801133G>A and rs1801131T>G) on the adverse drug reaction for RA Iraqi patients.

Methods: An observational study, that involved 95 Iraqi RA patients with established RA. Patients were divided according to the occurrence of adverse drug reactions. A polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was being utilized for MTHFR variants (rs1801133 and rs1801131). The Macrogen Company (Korea) provided the forward and reverse primers in lyophilized form. All PCR procedures are carried out using a PCR thermal cycler (Germany).

Results: The study included 95 patients with RA, with a mean age of 43.1 ± 10.6 years, most of the patients were female (85.3%), about 35.8% were smokers, most of the patients had disease low activity (45.2%), followed by moderate (41.1%), high (9.5%), and remission (4.2%). No significant association between individual genetic polymorphism with adverse drug reactions. AG haplotype for rs1801133 rs1801131 polymorphism is associated with reducing the risk of overall adverse drug reactions, meanwhile, GT haplotype for rs1801133, and rs1801131 polymorphism were marginally associated with increased risk of adverse drug reactions.

Conclusion: In conclusion, we have successfully found a panel of pharmacogenetic indicators that have the potential to be valuable in predicting the response to methotrexate treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Haplotypes for rs1801133 rs1801131 polymorphism are associated with reducing or increasing the risk of MTX adverse drug reactions. It is very important to evaluate patients’ haplotypes before starting the therapy program so that we can expect the treatment outcome with the most suitable dose and most tolerable one at the same time.

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Systematic Reviews In Pharmacy
Impacts of the alcoholic extract and essential oil of Thymus vulgaris L. Against the causative agent of acne formation (Staphylococcus aureus)

Medicinal plant life have performed an integral role in the development of human lifestyle being used as resources for the manufacturing of contemporary medicines, antibiotics. Microorganisms are responsible for many issues in industry and remedy because of biofilm formation. This study aimed to take a look at the results of Thymus vulgaris alcoholic extract on Staphylococcus aureus the causative marketers of acne in human particularly the women. The extract was acquired mixing 25 g of Thyme powder with 350 ml of 80% ethanol for 6 hours at 40°. Antimicrobial activities of the plant extract and integral oil towards the S. aureus were decided using the agar diffusion technique. The consequences proven that special concentrations of alcoholic

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Publication Date
Tue May 15 2018
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Study of the Influence of Annealing Temperature on the Structural and Optical Properties of ZnTe Prepared by Vacuum Thermal Evaporation Technique

   The ZnTe alloy was prepared as  deposited thin films on the glass substrates at a thickness of 400±20 nm using vacuum evaporation technique at pressure (1 × 10-5) mbar and room temperature. Then the thin films under vacuum (2 × 10-3 mbar) were annealing at (RT,100 and 300) °C for one hour. The structural properties were studied by using X-ray diffraction and AFM, the results show that the thin films had approached the single crystalline in the direction (111) as preferred orientation of the structure zinc-blende for cubic type, with small peaks of tellurium (Te) element for all prepared thin films. The calculated crystallite size (Cs) decreased with the increase in the anne

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 20 2023
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
The Effect of the Crude Terpenoids Compounds of Melia Azedrach Leaves and Fruits on Some Biological Aspects of Whitefly Bemisia tabaci

This study was carried out to determine the effects of crude terpenoid compound extracts of Melia azedarach L. leaves and fruits on some biological aspects of whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) under laboratory conditions of 25 ± 2°C and relative humidity of 65-70%. The results indicated a significant effect on eggs and immature stages when treated with 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mg/ml of leaves and fruits. The mortality rate increased with concentration. It reached 98.68, 100, 100, 95.70, 86.30, and 42.68% for eggs, 1st, 2nd, and 3rd nymphal instars, pupa, and adults, respectively, at a concentration of 2 mg/ml for leaves extract. At the same time, it reached 94.86, 100,100, 100, 87.89, and 44.90% for eggs, 1st, 2nd, and 3r

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2012
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
EFFECT OF LAND DEGRADATION DEGREE ON THE LAND COVER TYPE USING GIS TECHNOLOGY IN THE WEST OF BAGHDAD/IRAQ

In this study is the phenomenon of desertification risk assessment in the Abu Ghraib area west of Baghdad/Iraq, which has an area of about (384.168 km 2), that the annual mean temperature is more than (22 C). Rainfall was low, ranging from the (200 mm) per year for Iraq and (2.82) mm per year of the study area* temperature is high and evaporation is also high (mm 7.73) per year*, so the climate in general of the dry type and the system of soil moisture is the kind of Aridic (Torric). To this study was to identify three indicators to monitor for the period from 2001-2005 using GIS and these indicators are (soil, groundwater and the nature of land use), using ArcGIS 9.1. The results showed that the risk of desertification was part of the leve

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 05 2021
Journal Name
Turkish Journal Of Computer And Mathematics Education (turcomat)
Availability of the Common Core State Standard for Mathematics (CCSSM) in Mathematics Textbook of the 5th Bio-Scientific Grade

The aim of the research is to: Analyzing the content of the mathematics textbook of the 5th bio-scientific grade according to the Common Core State Standard for mathematics (CCSSM), and to identify the extent of their inclusion of these standards. To achieve this goal, the researcher built the CCSSM after reviewing the literature that dealt with those standards, and its validity was verified by presenting it to a group of referees specialized in the field of methods of teaching mathematics. Thus, the criteria in their final form consisted of six main criteria which are:(numbers and quantities, algebra, conjugations, modeling, geometry, statistics and probability) and included (47) sub-indicators, Then the researcher analyzed the content of

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 24 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
The effect of triggering on the output performance of diode direct face pumping for disc laser in pulse mode

The triggering effect for the face pumping of Nd:YVO4 disc medium of 4×5×0.5 mm was investigated using bulk diode laser at different resonator cavity length in pulse mode and at repetition rate of 1.3kHz. The maximum emitted peak power was found to be 100, 82, and 66 mW for resonator lengths of 10, 13.5, and 17.5 cm respectively, while the threshold pumping power was found to be 41mW. The maximum emitted peak power obtained was 300 mW when using external triggering and 10cm length, with repetition of 3Hz.

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 01 2016
Journal Name
Injury Prevention
The effectiveness of injury prevention program on reducing the incidence of lower limb injuries in adolescent male soccer players

The highest incidence of injury is seen in adolescent playing pivoting sports such as soccer, basketball, and handball. Objective: To examine the effectiveness of a neuromuscular prevention program in reducing knee and ankle injuries in adolescent male soccer players.

Publication Date
Sun May 10 2015
Journal Name
Al-academy
Outstanding aesthetic decoration in the doors of the holy shrines (shrine of Imam Hussein, model): ماهر حسين علي الحبوبي

The problem of the search (how to employ own aesthetic values sculpture prominent decorations doors in the holy shrines) as research aims to detect these formulas employed in relief sculpture in accordance with the aesthetic values of the decorations that add structure in the form of doors shrines dimensions of functional and aesthetic and expressive By selecting the general system configurations spaces for doors and select the components of the structural configurations decorative prominent types (geometric and floral and linear and composite) as well as identify the techniques adopted in the executive configurations doors at the level of raw materials and processors show. Find and define the beauty of decorative formations prominent of

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Publication Date
Fri Jul 01 2022
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
The Response of Bitter Orange Citrus Aurantium Trees to the Infestation of Oriental Yellow Scale Aonidiella Orientalis in Iraq
Abstract<p>Laboratory studies were carried out to investigate the differences between uninfested and infested bitter orange <italic>Citrus aurantium</italic> leaves with oriental yellow scale <italic>Aonidiella orientalis</italic> in Iraq. From this experiment, it is reasonable to determine that releases of volatile organic compounds from both uninfested and infested bitter orange <italic>C. aurantium</italic> as a response to the infestation of the oriental yellow scale <italic>A. orientalis</italic>. Some volatile organic compounds were found in uninfested leaves, while GC-MS did not detect others. Infested leaves by oriental yellow scale insects emitted</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Mon Oct 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Econometrics analysis of the impact of external shocks on foreign direct investment in Iraq for the period (1995-2016)

The external shocks are one of the phenomena that the Iraqi economy is exposed to over a period of time. It is referred to as changes and events that come from outside the economic system and extends to many economic variables. However, foreign direct investment may be severely affected due to the extreme sensitivity to changes and local and international developments. This type of trauma and its characteristics to help manage and cope with external shocks, and in order to avoid the standard problems experienced by some models of simple linear regression, multi-linear regression models were used with variables Scientific and other dummy variables .

        The study foun

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