Results: The results summarized two goals, the first goal stipulates (to identify the degree of cyberbullying among academically outstanding students in the middle school stage). To achieve this goal, the researchers applied the research tool (electronic bullying scale) and then extracted the arithmetic mean for the sample of the current research, which amounted to (6.28) with a standard deviation of (4.03). Then the researchers applied the t-test for one sample to identify the significance of the differences between the means. The arithmetic mean for the sample and the hypothetical (theoretical) mean, which amounted to (11.5) degrees, and after applying the T-test for one sample, it was found that the calculated T-value, which amounted to (10.02), is greater than the tabulated T-value of (2) at the significance level (0.05) and a degree of freedom (149), which is statistically significant, which indicates the significance of the differences between the arithmetic mean and the theoretical (hypothetical) mean, and in favor of the arithmetic mean for the sample of academically excellent students, which indicates that there is a statistically significant difference in favor of the hypothetical mean in the sample of the current research. The second goal stipulates (to identify the degree of cyberbullying among academically outstanding students according to gender (males – females). The researchers extracted the arithmetic means and standard deviations for both males and females. The arithmetic mean for males was (6.43) with a standard deviation of (4.87) and the arithmetic mean for females was (6.13) with a standard deviation of (3.03). After applying the T-test for two independent samples, it was found that the calculated T-value of (0.286) is smaller than the tabulated T-value of (2) at a significance level of (0.05) and a degree of freedom (148), which indicates that there are no statistically significant differences between Males and females. This is due to the nature of bullying behavior and its availability in both gender (males and females).
KE Sharquie, MM Al-Waiz, AA Noaimi, Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal, 2008 - Cited by 1
Writing plays an effective role in developing one's thinking and
enhancing Learning. It is, in fact, a means of widening one's own views about
the world for the numerous uses that it can serve (Samuel, 1988:28).
In regard to the unquestionable significance of writing in the teaching –
Learning process, the traditional approach seems to be far from being able to
put such significance into practice. Traditionalists give priority to formulating
students' ideas before using prescribed rhetorical framework and then
submitting the written product for grading. Emphasis is, therefore, limited to the
prewriting stage where a certain topic is explored, and the role of the teacher is
confined to assigning the topic and
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The problem of the study is centered around cognitive conception anxiety of the university students.
The university students have their special importance in society and nation development, therefore many studies search in their personality and the effect of anxiety on them to fi
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Abstract
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