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Are Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxies a special class of Active Galactic Nuclei?
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No. Due to their apparently extreme optical to X-ray properties, Narrow Line Seyfert 1s (NLSy1s) have been considered a special class of active galactic nuclei (AGN). Here, we summarize observational results from different groups to conclude that none of the characteristics that are typically used to define the NLSy1s as a distinct group – from the, nowadays called, Broad Line Seyfert 1s (BLSy1s) – is unique, nor ubiquitous of these particular sources, but shared by the whole Type 1 AGN. Historically, the NLSy1s have been distinguished from the BLSy1s by the narrow width of the broad Hb emission line. The upper limit on the full width at half maximum of this line is 2000kms−1 for NLSy1s, while in BLSy1s it can be of several thousands of kms−1. However, this border has been arbitrarily set and does not correspond to the change of any physical property. All observed parameters in Type 1 AGN cover continues ranges of values, which does not allow to infer the existence of two different kind of populations with FWHMHb,broad = 2000kms−1 as dividing point. We argue that the usage of this velocity limit to define samples of NLSy1s galaxies – as it is usually done in comparative studies –, together with the well known observational biases, naturally favors the selection of sources with low black hole masses and high Eddington ratios that are hosted by blue spiral galaxies. Therefore selection biases might be responsible for the reported differences between NLSy1 and BLSy1 sources.

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 01 2021
Journal Name
Annals Of The Romanian Society For Cell Biology
Evaluation of Nesfatin – 1 and Other Biochemical Markers in diabetic Neuropathy Iraqi patients before and after treatment with tegretol
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Diabetic neuropathy is a form of nerve damage that can occur in people who have diabetes. High blood sugar (glucose) induced nerve damage in every part of the body. The nerves in the legs and feet were the most frequently affected. The extent to which a diabetic patient's body is impaired is calculated by the degree of nervosa harm.The purpose of this present study is estimation BMI,IL-10 , nesfatin-1 and HS-CRP in Iraqi DN patients before and after treatment via tegretol as well as it is the first study sheds light on the relationship between Nesfatin -1 and other parameters ( BMI,IL-10 and HS-CRP) also predication of Nesfatin-1 as a newly biomarker in patients with diabetic neuropathy. The present study consist of from 30 cohort G1 as hea

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 28 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Lead acetate deteriorates the improvement effect of L-arginine and tetrahydrobiopterin on endothelin-1 receptors activity in rat aorta
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Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor hormone that has been identified as an important factor
responsible for the development of cardiovascular dysfunctions. ET-1 exerts its vasoconstrictor activity
through two pharmacologically distinct receptors, ETA and ETB that are found in vascular smooth muscle
cells (VSMCs) and the vasodilator activity through an ETB receptor located on endothelial cells. This study
aimed to show the impact of 1µM L-arginine (LA), 100µM tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), and their combined
effect on ET-1 activity in both lead-treated and lead-untreated rat aortic rings. This means, investigating how
endothelial dysfunction reverses the role of nitric oxide precursor and cofa

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 04 2018
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activates Studies of some New Derivatives From 2-aminoo-5-mercapto-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole
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In this work, thiadiazole derivatives were prepared by taking advantage of active sites in (2-amino-5-mercapto-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole) as a starting material base. The main heterocyclic compounds (1, 3, 4-thiadiazole, oxazole) etc, 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole compound (1) was prepared by cyclic closure of thiosemicarbazide compound with anhydrous sodium carbonate and carbon disulfide. Oxidation of (1) via hydrogen peroxide, to have (2) which was treated with chloro acetyl chloride to get (3). Preparation of thiazole ring (4) was from reacting of (3) with thiourea. Synthesis of diazonium salts (5) from compound (4) using sodium nitrite and HCl. Compound (5) reacted with different ester compounds to prepare a new azo compounds (6–8).C

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
ESTIMATION OF COEFFICIENTS AND SCALE PARAMETER FOR LINEAR (TYPE 1) EXTREME VALUE REGRESSION MODEL FOR LARGEST VALUES WITH APPLICATIONS
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In this paper we estimate the coefficients and scale parameter in linear regression model depending on the residuals are of type 1 of extreme  value distribution for the largest values . This can be regard as an improvement for the studies with the smallest values . We study two estimation methods ( OLS  & MLE ) where we resort to Newton – Raphson (NR) and Fisher Scoring methods to get MLE estimate because the difficulty of using the usual approach with MLE . The relative efficiency criterion is considered beside to the statistical inference procedures for the extreme value regression model of type 1 for largest values . Confidence interval , hypothesis testing for both scale parameter and regression coefficients

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
Real estate acquisition barrier and its impact on urban development projects" Study Area: Infrastructure project in the capital Baghdad (North East Sewage Line project AL khansaa)
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The increase the rates of natural growth, urbanization and continuous migration, this has generated constant pressure and, as a result, the capital city of Baghdad faces a number of challenges related to its urban environment, including the challenge of acquiring real estate.

 

 and this research examines the impact of these holdings, representing the main base from which the various projects originate Urban in all areas (economic, social, and recreational).

 

this leads us to the research problem of the obstacles that arise during the process of acquiring real estate to carry out development projects, and to achieve the objectives of research, namely (work to create a regulatory methodology

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 15 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Analysis of 21 cases of Traumatic Ulcerative Granuloma with Stromal Eosinophilia Using CD30, CD68 and TGF-β1
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Background: Traumatic ulcerative granuloma with stromal eosinophilia is an impressive benign chronic ulcerative lesion of the oral mucosa with vague etiopathogenesis. It was supposed to represent an oral counterpart of primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorder. Histopathologically, it is characterized by mixed inflammatory infiltrate predominated by histiocytes, lymphocytes and eosinophils along with presence of scattered large atypical mononuclear cells. It has worrisome clinical presentation. It may heal spontaneously, but in most occasions it persists and never heal unless removed surgically (incisional or excisional biopsy). A rare subset may show worrisome immunohistochemical features. Follow up is highly recommended. Mat

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 14 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Assessment of Salivary α-amylase and Flow Rate Levels and Their Correlation with Gingivitis and Severity of Chronic Periodontitis (Part: 1)
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Background: Periodontal diseases are bacterial infections of the gingiva, bone and attachment fibers that support the teeth and hold them in the jaw. α-amylase is an enzyme, produced mainly by parotid gland and it seems to play a role in maintaining mucosal immunity. Aims of the study: Determine the salivary levels of α-Amylase and flow rate and their correlations with clinical periodontal parameters(Plaque Index , Gingival Index , Bleeding on Probing , Probing Pocket Depth , and Clinical Attachment Level ) and the correlation between α-Amylase with flow rate of study groups that consist of ( patients had gingivitis and patients had chronic periodontitis with different severities(mild ,moderate ,severe) and control group . Ma

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Use of lower squares and restricted boxes In the estimation of the first-order self-regression parameter AR (1) (simulation study)
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Use of lower squares and restricted boxes
In the estimation of the first-order self-regression parameter
AR (1) (simulation study)

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 30 2012
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
The Detection of Silent Celiac Disease In patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus by the use of Anti Tissue Transglutaminase Antibodies
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Objective: Detection the presumptive prevalence of silent celiac disease in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus with determination of which gender more likely to be affected.
Methods: One hundred twenty asymptomatic patients [75 male , 45 female] with type 1 diabetes mellitus with mean age ± SD of 11.25 ± 2.85 year where included in the study . All subjects were serologically screened for the presence of anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA antibodies (anti-tTG antibodies) by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) & total IgA was also measured for all using radial immunodiffusion plate . Anti-tissue transglutaminase IgG was selectively done for patients who were expressing negative anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA with low tot

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 30 2012
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
The Detection of Silent Celiac Disease In patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus by the use of Anti Tissue Transglutaminase Antibodies
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Objective: Detection the presumptive prevalence of
silent celiac disease in patients with type 1 diabetes
mellitus with determination of which gender more
likely to be affected.
Methods: One hundred twenty asymptomatic patients
[75 male , 45 female] with type 1 diabetes mellitus
with mean age ± SD of 11.25 ± 2.85 year where
included in the study . All subjects were serologically
screened for the presence of anti-tissue transglutaminase
IgA antibodies (anti-tTG antibodies) by Enzyme-
Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) & total IgA
was also measured for all using radial
immunodiffusion plate . Anti-tissue transglutaminase
IgG was selectively done for patients who were
expressing negative anti-

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