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Integrated gallium phosphide-waveguide polarization rotator based on rotating a horizontal slot by 45 degree for 700 nm wavelength
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Abstract<p>Polarization manipulation elements operating at visible wavelengths represent a critical component of quantum communication sub-systems, equivalent to their telecom wavelength counterparts. The method proposed involves rotating the optic axis of the polarized input light by an angle of 45 degree, thereby converting the fundamental transverse electric (TE<sub>0</sub>) mode to the fundamental transverse magnetic (TM<sub>0</sub>) mode. This paper outlines an integrated gallium phosphide-waveguide polarization rotator, which relies on the rotation of a horizontal slot by 45 degree at a wavelength of 700 nm. This will ultimately lead to the conception of a mode hybridization phenomenon in the waveguide. The simulation results demonstrate a polarization conversion efficiency of 99.99% (99.98%) for TE<sub>0</sub>-to-TM<sub>0</sub> (TM<sub>0</sub>-to-TE<sub>0</sub>) mode conversion, with an extinction ratio of 46.14 (39.62) dB and insertion loss below 1.6 dB at the specified wavelength. Additionally, the fabrication tolerance with regard to the width, height, and half-beat length of the proposed structure is investigated.</p>
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Publication Date
Sun Jun 02 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Taxonomical and Comparative morphological study for two wild species of the genus Chaenorhinum (D.C.) Reichb. (Scrophulariaceae) in Iraq.
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Comparative morphological study has been treated for two species of the genus Chaenorhinum (D.C.) Richb., These species were: 1. Chaenorhinum calycinum 2. Chaenorhinum rubrifolium (Robill. & cast. Ex Lam. & DC.) Fourr. The genus belong to the family Scorphulariaceae. Morphological characters has been studies for: root, stem, leaves, flowers (calyx, corolla, androcium including filaments and anthers, gynocium including ovary, style and stigma), fruits and seeds also has been characterized. Key for there two species presented using some quantitative characters. Other characters like shape of fruits and seeds were used too, and they were of a useful taxonomic value

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 30 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Micro-Bubble Flotation for Removing Cadmium Ions from Aqueous Solution: Artificial Neural Network Modeling and Kinetic of Flotation
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In this work, microbubble dispersed air flotation technique was applied for cadmium ions removal from wastewater aqueous solution. Experiments parameters such as pH (3, 4, 5, and 6), initial Cd(II) ions concentration (40, 80, and 120 mg/l)  contact time( 2, 5, 10 , 15, and 20min), and surfactant (10, 20and 40mg/l) were studied in order to optimize the best conditions .The experimental results indicate that microbubbles were quite effective in removing cadmium ions and the anionic surfactant SDS was found to be more efficient than cationic CTAB in flotation process. 92.3% maximum removal efficiency achieved through 15min at pH 5, SDS surfactant concentration 20mg/l, flow rate250 cm3/min and at 40mg/l Cd(II) ions initial co

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Proposed framework for governance of municipal institutions to restrain of fraud: بحث تطبيقي في المؤسسات البلدية لمحافظة بابل
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The past decades have witnessed a development in the concept of corporate governance and the transformation of a concept that is limited to large companies listed in capital markets in major economies to an issue that concerns all business activities in the public and private sectors in both large and small countries. The aim of this research is to propose a guide to the mechanisms and rules of governance in the municipal institutions that contributes to the activation of the internal control system to reduce the fraud and manipulation of this activity. Institutions. The research was based on the hypothesis that the implementation of the principles and rules of governance in municipal institutions lead to the contribution of the activati

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Publication Date
Sat Apr 20 2024
Journal Name
International Journal Of Disabilities Sports And Health Sciences
Analytical Thinking and its Relationship to the Performance of the Simple Response Skill in Foil Weapon for Students
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The purpose of this paper is to identifying the level of analytical thinking and its relationship to the skills of response and simple response to the foil weapon for students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Basra. Achieving the objectives of the research requires the use of a research method, and accordingly, the researchers used the descriptive method using the survey method .The two researchers identified the research community with the students of the third stage - College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Basra / for the academic year (2021-2022). Their number is (45) students and the two researchers chose the entire research community to represent th

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Medical Research Archives
Genetic Polymorphism for the Gene Encoding Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase-1 (ERAP-1) in Iraqi Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis
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Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a common, highly heritable inflammatory arthritis affecting primarily the spine and pelvis. This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between the rs27044 polymorphism in Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase-1 (ERAP-1) with the susceptibility and severity of AS correlated with some biochemical markers such as hematological parameter (Erythrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR)) and immunological parameters (C-reactive protein (CRP), Human leukocyte antigen-B27 (HLA-B27), Interlukin-6 (IL-6) and Interlukin-23 (IL-23)), and oxidative stress parameters (Glutathione (GSH) and Malondialdehyde (MDA)) in a sample of Iraqi population. A total of 60 blood samples were collected from AS patients requited Rhe

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Publication Date
Mon Nov 22 2021
Journal Name
Key Engineering Materials
Experimental Evaluation of Moisture Damage and Rutting Resistance for SBS Modified Warm Mix Asphalt Incorporating Recycled Asphalt Concrete
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The efforts embedded in this paper have been devoted to designing, preparing, and testing warm mix asphalt (WMA) mixtures and comparing their behavior against traditional hot mix asphalt mixtures. For WMA preparation, the Sasobit wax additive has been added to a 40/50 asphalt binder with a concentration of 3%. An experimental evaluation has been performed by conducting the Marshall together with volumetric properties, indirect tensile strength, and wheel tracking tests to acquire the tensile strength ratio (TSR), retained stability index (RSI), and rut depth. It was found that the gained benefit of reduction in mixing and compaction temperatures was reversely associated with a noticeable decline in Marshall properties and moisture s

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 02 2014
Journal Name
Basrah Journal Of Science
Extraction and partial purification for fimbriae from Proteus mirabilis and study their role in adhesion to uroepithlial cells
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From 211 urine samples, Gram negative bacteria were isolated from only 61 urine samples with isolation percentage 28.9%. Escherichia coli were isolated percentage 70.49% while Klebsiella pneumoniae and Psendomonas aeruginosa were 8.19% and 6.55%, respectively.Proteus spp. Were isolated from 9 (14.75%), P. mirablis and P. vulgaris were isolates percentage 11.47% and 3.27%, respectively. Uroepithelial Cell Adhesin (UCA) fimbriae expression by P.mirabilis isolates was detected by the high capacity to adhesion to human uroepithetial cells, the isolate p.mirabilis U7 was adhesion to human uroepithelial cells mean no.30.2 bacteria/cell when grown on luria broth at 37C for 24h, but then grown it’s on luria agar at 37C for 24h the adhesion

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 31 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Biotechnology
Reliable Reference Gene for Normalization of RT- qPCR Data in Human Cancer Cell Lines
Subjected to Gene Knockdown
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Quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) has become a valuable molecular technique in biomedical research. The selection of suitable endogenous reference genes is necessary for normalization of target gene expression in RT-qPCR experiments. The aim of this study was to determine the suitability of each 18S rRNA and ACTB as internal control genes for normalization of RT-qPCR data in some human cell lines transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA). Four cancer cell lines including MCF-7, T47D, MDA-MB-231 and Hela cells along with HEK293 representing an embryonic cell line were depleted of E2F6 using siRNA specific for E2F6 compared to negative control cells, which were transfected with siRNA not specific for any gene. Us

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 15 2022
Journal Name
Malaysian Journal Of Science
STUDY THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BREMSSTRAHLUNG DOSE RATE AND THE ENERGY OF BETA RAY FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF SHIELD
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The dose rate for bremsstrahlung radiation from beta particles with energy (1.710) MeV and (2.28) MeV which comes from (32P and 90Y) beta source respectively have been calculated through six materials (polyethylene, wood, aluminum, iron, tungsten and lead) for first shielding material with thickness (x=1) mm which are putting between beta sources and second shield (polyethylene, aluminum and lead) with thickness (1, 2 &4) mm have been calculated. The distance between beta source and second shield is constant (D=1) cm. This dose rate was found by program called Rad Pro Calculator (version 3.26). The results of dose rate of beta particles were plotted as a function to the atomic number (Z) for first shield materials for each

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 18 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Relative intensity distribution in the rotational structure for B1Σ+- A1Π and B1Σ+- X1Σ+ electronic systems of BeO molecule
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Theoretical spectroscopic study of  Beryllium Oxide has been carried out, Boltzmann distribution of P, Q and R branches in the range of (0<J<13) at temperature 4200K for (0-0) band for electronic transitions B1Σ+-A1Π and B1Σ-X1Σ. The Boltzmann distribution of these branches has a maximum values at equal J approximately while the values of relative population are different. For the B1Σ+- X1Σ+ transition the branch's lines extend towards lower wavenumber. This is because (Bv'-Bv") value is negative, i.e  Bv'< Bv" For B1Σ+-A1Π

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