Numerous drilling additives and materials are used continuously because they are necessary to support and give the required properties of the drilling fluid so that to ensure the stability of the borehole. This paper aspires to evaluate the rheological properties of bentonite (montmorillonite) Trefawey as an alternative to using commercial bentonite. Monitoring and evaluating of the rheological and filtration properties were prepared. This exertion aims to focus on the effect of hematite, and barite on the rheological properties of the three aforementioned bentonite types. An improvement in the rheological properties of bentonite (montmorillonite). Trefawey was observed after adding the previous heavy materials. Hematite has by some means better ability to improve rheological properties compared to other heavy materials. The emulsifying agent used was Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose (HOCH2COONA), as it has provided excellent results parallel to the lignite. The rheological properties of bentonite (montmorillonite) Trefawey are enhanced by doubling the amount of carboxyl methyl cellulose (HOCH2COONA). The results have proved that the use of weighting materials and emulsifying agent affected the rheological properties of bentonite (montmorillonite) Trefawey in a direct emulsion. The results have shown that it is more appropriate to use carboxyl methyl cellulose as an emulsifying agent to prepare a direct emulsion than bentonite (montmorillonite) Trefawey due to its excellent effect in improving the rheological properties of bentonite (montmorillonite) Trefawey. And it can be said that this effort has succeeded in studying two effects simultaneously. In other words, both heavy substances and emulsifying agent have effects on bentonite (montmorillonite) Trefawey, in order to obtain a stable emulsion and a clearer view of the behavior of Iraqi bentonite. The above effort has focused on making bentonite (montmorillonite) Trefawey suitable for the nature of geological layers such as oil shale, limestone and sandstone. This means preparing drilling fluid using bentonite (montmorillonite) Trefawey to drill the above structures. The study has concluded that it is better to use bentonite (montmorillonite) Trefawey in preparing direct oil emulsions as a stable and successful alternative of imported bentonite.
This study is one of the descriptive studies, where the researcher used the survey method, which seeks to provide an accurate and appropriate description of the main and sub-categories of the content of the research for television documentaries on the Iraqi satellite channel, relying on the research questions and objectives to analyze the content of the documentaries according to the approach referred to above. The objectives of the research were summarized to identify the function of the documentary programs in Al-Iraqiya channel to detect the crimes of the former regime, to know the frameworks highlighted by the documentary programs in Al-Iraqiya channel to reveal the crimes of the former regime, to identify the extent of the circ
... Show MoreIn light of the limited sources of funding suffered by the Iraqi economy, it highlights the importance of enhancing the efficiency of public expenditure, and if the measurement of the efficiency of public expenditure and identify benchmarks first step of promoting efficiency, the adoption of scientific methods of analysis imperative in promoting the efficiency. Under this framework, the focus was on the methodologies used to measure the efficiency of public spending and supply analysis with trying statement strengths and weaknesses, and make use of it in the measurement of the efficiency of public spending in the Iraqi economy. As well as devise measurable indicators take into account the specificity of the Iraqi economy and the
... Show MoreBackground: Esthetic correction represents one of the clinical conditions that required the use of laminate veneers in premolars region. Aim of the study: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture strength of the laminate veneers in maxillary first premolars, fabricated from either composite (direct and indirect techniques) or ceramic CAD/CAM blocks. Materials and Methods: Fifty sound human maxillary premolar teeth were used in this in vitro study. Teeth were divided randomly into one control group and four experimental groups of ten teeth each; Group A: Restored with direct composite veneer (Filtek Z250 XT), Group B: Restored with indirect composite veneers (Filtek Z250 XT), Group C: Restored with lithium disilicate ceramic CA
... Show MoreEquilibrium and rate of mixing of free flowing solid materials are found using gas fluidized bed. The solid materials were sand (size 0.7 mm), sugar (size0.7 mm) and 15% cast iron used as a tracer. The fluidizing gas was air with velocity ranged from 0.45-0.65 m/s while the mixing time was up to 10 minutes. The mixing index for each experiment was calculated by averaging the results of 10 samples taken from different radial and axial positions in fluidized QVF column 150 mm ID and 900 mm height.
The experimental results were used in solving a mathematical model of mixing rate and mixing index at an equilibrium proposed by Rose. The results show that mixing index increases with inc
... Show MoreBackground: Stress urinary incontinence is a frequent urological disease in women; it has a great influence on an individual’s wellbeing and places a significant economic strain on any health service. The placement of urodynamic diagnostic tests in the evaluation route is an important clinical research concern in this field.
Objective: to find out whether the duration of stress urinary incontinence is associated with the finding of bladder outlet obstruction in urodynamic study or not.
Subjects and Methods: A descriptive study. With enrolled female patients had symptomatic Stress urinary incontinence as their primary complain. All the included patients w
... Show MoreThis study included effect of polyherbs mixture treatment of diabetic patients type II for two months. The polyherbs mixture contains Nigella sativa seeds, Boswellia carterri gum, Citrus aurantifolia fruits, Elettaria cardamomum fruits. Also this study included estimation of some biochemical parameters in the serum Diabetes Mellitus (D.M.) patients-type II and knowing the relationship of these parameters with this disease. The parameters are glucose, cholesterol ,High density , Low density lipoproteins( HDL-C, LDL-C) respectively , Triglycerides TG, urea, total protein , albumin , Alkaline phosphatase ALP,Transaminase GOT, GPT enzymes . Take (77) samples of diabetic patients serum type II which included (47) samples for group one: herbs
... Show Morehe effect of different cultural conditions on production of bioemulsifier from Serratia marcescens S10 was determined; different carbon and nitrogen sources were used such as: different oils include: edible (vegetable) oils (olive oil, sesame oil, sun flower oil and corn oil) and heavy oils (oil 150, oil 60, oil 40) as carbon sources and (NH4Cl, casein, (NH4)2SO4, peptone, tryptone, gelatin and yeast extract) as nitrogen sources were added to production media. Bioemulsifier was estimated by measuring the surface tension (S.T), emulsification activity (E.A) and emulsification index (E24%). The best results of bioemulsifier production from Serratia marcescens S10 were obtained at pH8 and incubated at 37ºC for 5days, using sesame oil
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