Serial tendering is better than other types of tendering when it comes to cost reduction, where civil infrastructure projects need a significant increase in the amount of tough planning, financial expenditures, engineering work, and resources of a different character than other types of construction projects. The effects of a lack of funding cause decrease in the completion speed of the project on time. The need to reduce the cost of bidding on recurrent civil infrastructure projects is critical. To achieve the desired goals of this research, this article will provide an overview of the type of bids used in the construction of schools implemented in the current financial perspective in Iraq, the extent of benefit, and the amount of possible reduction if continuous and serial tendering are used.
Conducting polyaniline / ZnO nano composites are synthesized
using a simplified cheap method with one step in –situ chemical
polymerization, and AC conductivity (σac) of the prepared samples is
studied in the range of frequency from 50 Hz to 15MHz.). The
presence of polarons in the conjugated polymer chain are responsible
for the ac conductivity is reliance on the frequency in these
composites. The effect of increasing the ZnO nano particle
concentration irradiation and gamma radiation on the electric
conductivity was analyzed. The result showed that the
nanocomposite prepared has the highest conductivity, from pure
polyaniline and the exponential factor S was found increasing with
ZnO content it was 0
This study deals with the petrology of the lower succession of the Injana Formation in the Shorr Shareen area, Wasit Governorate, Eastern Iraq. The study revealed that the sandstone is litharenite consists of 45.56% rock fragments, 22.13% quartz and 8.5% feldspars. The matrix is about 8.39%, consisting of silt and clay particles. The cement is variable (carbonates 8.42%, evaporites 1.78% and iron oxides 0.96%). The grain assemblage infers that the source of the rock fragments is nearby. The petrographic analyses indicate that the studied Injana sandstones are immature mineralogically because of their content of unstable constituents, such as lithic fragments and feldspars. In addition, the presence of such fresh feldspars indica
... Show MoreDetermination of the level of adipokines (obestatin, vaspin, tumor necrosis factor-? and interleukin-6)in hypo-and hyperthyroid patients from Educational Baghdad Hospital in Baghdad City was investigated. Fifty patients with hypothyroidism and Fifty patients with hyperthyroidism were selected. A control group of thirty euthyroid persons was included. Blood was collected by vein puncture and serum was separated and stored at –20C. Adipokines (obestatin, vaspin, tumor necrosis factor-? and interleukin-6) were estimated using ELISA method. The findings show a significant (p<0.05) increase in obestatin level in hypothyroid patients, while there is no significant difference in hyperthyroid patientsas compared with the euthyroid subjects.
... Show MoreIrinotecan induced-mucositis is an inflammatory event of intestine caused by an increase in concentration of active metabolite 7ethyl10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38) in the intestine. Irinotecan must first be converted by a carboxylesterase (CES) to the active metabolite (SN38), which is subsequently glucuronidated by the hepatic enzyme to SN38G. The SN-38G is deconjugated in the intestine to SN-38 via ?-glucuronidase produced by the intestinal bacterial flora, which accounts for SN-38 delayed intestinal mucositis of irinotecan. To study the protective effect of mentha in irinotecan-induced mucositis, intestinal mucositis induced by I.P injection of irinotecan (75mg/Kg/day) for 4 days. Mentha ethanolic extract orally administered to
... Show MoreThe effect of thermal annealing on some structural and optical properties of ZnSe thin films was studied which prepared by thermal evaporation method with (550±20) nm thickness and annealing at (373,473)K for (2h), By using X-ray diffraction technique structural properties studied and showed that the films are crystalline nature and have ( cubic structure ) .From the observed results after heating treatment, We found that the annealing to perform decreases in grain size and increases in dislocation and observed the optical properties increase in absorption and decrease in transmission. From absorption spectra optical energy gap calculated about (2.66,2.68)eV which decreases value after heating treatment
The present study investigates the application of a combined electrocoagulation-electrooxidation (EC-EO) process for the treatment of wastewater generated from Al-Dewaniya petroleum refinery plant in Iraq. The EC-EO process was examined in terms of its ability to simultaneously produce coagulant and oxidant agents by using a parallel plate configuration system composed of stainless steel plates as cathode and pair of aluminum and graphite plates as anode at two different current concentrations (1.92A/l and 0.96A/l). The results showed that the best conditions for treatment of Al-Dewaniya petroleum refinery wastewater using the combined approach were current concentration of (0.96A/l), current density
It is widely accepted that early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) makes it possible for patients to gain access to appropriate health care services and would facilitate the development of new therapies. AD starts many years before its clinical manifestations and a biomarker that provides a measure of changes in the brain in this period would be useful for early diagnosis of AD. Given the rapid increase in the number of older people suffering from AD, there is a need for an accurate, low-cost and easy to use biomarkers that could be used to detect AD in its early stages. Potentially, the electroencephalogram (EEG) can play a vital role in this but at present, no reliable EEG biomarker exists for early diagnosis of AD. The gradual s
... Show MoreThe makers of strife exist in every era and time. They differ in how these temptations are created and the methods used in doing so. In our modern era, they are more; This is due to the presence of information technology and its easy availability at their fingertips, as well as the spread of social networking sites, which are rapidly spreading among ignorant groups and groups that are deficient in their use. Which led the makers of sedition to exploit these matters and create various temptations and spread them among peoples and societies. Today, we cannot predict the future of humanity in light of this huge amount of temptation. What the Holy Qur’an mentioned about the types of temptations in its noble verses and their embodiment in seve
... Show MoreFluoxetine (FX) is an antidepressant drug administered only orally in humans. Despite the wide use of FX, until now, there is only limited literature concerning the pharmacokinetics (PK) of FX and the effect of food on its PK. Thus, the objective of this investigation was to study the PK of FX in Arabic healthy male adult volunteers under fasting and fed conditions. In the fasting study, FX 20 mg capsules (Prozac®, Eli Lilly, Canada) were administered to 41 volunteers after overnight fasting of 12 hours, followed by blood sampling from each volunteer immediately before dosing (zero time) and then at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 96, 120, and eventually at 144 hours after FX dosing. The fed study was conduct
... Show MoreHistorically, medicinal herbs have been utilized as an important origin of chemicals with particular therapeutic potentials, and they continue to be a great place to find new medication candidates. Parthenocissus quinquefolia L. is a member of the grape-growing family Vitaceae. It is indigenous to Central and North America. It is widely dispersed in Iraqi gardens and plant houses from north to south. Traditionally, it has many uses, like relieving constipation, treating jaundice, expectorant, emetic, and others. At the same time, its proven activities include antioxidant activity, antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, thrombin inhibitor effect, and medicine for treating eyelid eczema. Parthenocissus quinquefolia contains valuable phytochemicals lik
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