Abstract The Knights of Labor, the first national industrial union in the United States, was founded in Philadelphia on December 9, 1869, by Uriah Stephens (1821-82) and eight other Philadelphia garment cutters. Intended to overcome the limitations of craft unions, the organization was designed to include all those who toiled with their hands. By mid-1886 nearly one million laborers called themselves Knights, making the organization the largest and most influential labor union in nineteenth century America. Stephens aspired to unite all wage-earners into a single organization regardless of skill, race, or sex. The organization excluded liquor dealers, lawyers, bankers, and professional gamblers. Stephens stressed the importance of solidarity within the ranks of labor in order to meet the power of capital. Between December 1869 and April 1875 the Knights made few gains outside of the city. During that time eighty-five local assemblies were established, seventy within the Philadelphia region. After the Great Railroad Strike of 1877 membership expanded and the first national officers were initiated after a convention in Reading, Pa., in 1878. In 1879 Terence V. Powderly (1849-1924), a native of Carbondale, Pa., replaced Stephens as Grand Master Workman after Stephens resigned the position. Powderly, who also served as the socialist mayor of Scranton from 1878-84, led the Knights until 1893. This study includes an introduction, four chapters and a conclusion, chapter I dealing with The roots of the labor movement in the United States of America until 1866 , This chapter dealt with a number of topics which are as follows: the first topic the labor movement in the colonial era, the second topic the factors crystallization of the labor movement after independence 1783-1840, and the third topic union activity until the end of the American Civil War 1840-1865. As for the second chapter, which was titled: The Emergence of the Workers' Organization and its Role in the Workers' Movement until 1881, it dealt with a number of topics which are as follows: The first topic is the general scene of the labor movement before the formation of the Workers' Organization 1866-1869, and the second topic is the principles and structure of the Workership Organization, the topic The third activity and work position of the Knights of the Economic Crisis 1870-1879, the fourth topic, Terence V. Powderly and his role in the development of the organization 1879-1881. The third chapter came under the title: The Rise and Prosperity of the Workers ’Organization 1881-1886, which dealt with a number of topics, as follows: The first topic: The factors of the rise of the Workers’ Organization, the second topic: the organization’s position on black workers, the third topic the organization’s activity in the southern states, the fourth topic position The organization from the strike of 1885-1886 and its reflection on the increase in membership, Section Five the organization's position on political action. Finally, the fourth chapter came under the title, Factors of Weakness of the Labor Knights Organization and its Decline 1886-1895. A number of topics were discussed as follows: The first topic: Organizational and structural problems within the Labor Knights Organization, the second topic is the repercussions of the failure of strikes on the organization in 1886-1887, the third topic is the position of the Knights on the Haymarket case And its negative repercussions, the fourth topic: internal differences and divisions and its role in the weakness of the organization, the fifth topic: the end of the Terence V. Powderly era and the decline of the organization's role in the labor movement.
Abstract  
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The energy density state are the powerful factor for evaluate the validity of a material in any application. This research focused on examining the electrical properties of the Se6Te4- xSbx glass semiconductor with x=1, 2 and 3, using the thermal evaporation technique. D.C electrical conductivity was used by determine the current, voltage and temperatures, where the electrical conductivity was studied as a function of temperature and the mechanical electrical conduction were determined in the different conduction regions (the extended and localized area and at the Fermi level). In addition, the density of the energy states in these regions is calculated using the mathematical equations. The constants of energy density states are det
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The research Concentrates on modern Variable in the organizations that is 6 sigma. The field study is two of Iraqi industrial organizations, The first is state company of …………… , the other is the state company of ……
The problem of the research determines some questions and hypotheses, The data was Collected by question air, which contains 5 dimensions and (10) critical Successful factories .
The sample contains (42) who Works in that organizations. The points out many conclusions. The main of it, there is significant differences among the two organizations Then The research concluded with a number of important recommendations serve it's objectives .
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Abstract:
Rabi’a tribe lived on the land of Euphrates since the first century of the
Christ. Then that land becomes her homeland. The Persians tried many times
to drive her away from that land, but with out result.
In the course of time Rabi’a become more knowledgeable of Persia.
This tribe proved her love and sanctification to the land of Euphrates, in the
battle of Dhyqar.
Rabi’a converted to Islam quickly and helped the Muslims to conquer
Iraq with a big number of fighters in many battles like al- Qadisyyah. That
influenced the anger of Mudriat Arab tribes who were their old enemies.
Mudriat tribes did their efforts to reduce the importance of Rabi’a because of
some its branches were among of t
The research aims to shed light on the ethics of information systems and their role in achieving banking excellence for a sample of private banks in the province of Baghdad. It is important to focus on studying the ethics of banking information systems, which has become one of the most important basic and strategic resources that banks rely on to achieve outstanding performance. Achieving banking leadership in the Iraqi banking market. The researchers adopted the descriptive analytical approach to the research, and the questionnaire was considered as a main tool for collecting information in addition to personal interviews. The research reached the most important results that there is an acceptable correlation relationship between the ethic
... Show More« The emergence of satellite channels has led to fundamental changes in the supposed role of television, making it a center of culture and an important tributary to social upbringing and influencing the attitudes and values of individuals and in making public opinion regarding various issues, some television programs target ordinary people at home by virtue of the nature of their subjects, where there is a large audience of viewers, who consume and absorb what is offered to them from the cultural production of those satellite channels that play with the aspirations of groups of society to find metaphysical or magic solutions to their social problems or psychological delusions. The media, through its various messages, contributes to brin
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The enemies of religion are still following the approach of undermining the Islamic faith in various ways through the diversity of methods of smear campaigns by raising suspicions to obliterate the Islamic identity and threaten security and stability of social life under the Islamic religion in Islamic societies, as we find that they have employed the doctrine of atheistic thought in order to distance people from the path of truth, distort the features of religion, destabilize psychological security and family stability, and thus destroy societal security by questioning the tolerant faith at times, and by raising suspicions at other times.
Hence, this research came to review the legal duty that requires Islamic scholars to protec
... Show MoreThe research aims to determine the role of green human resource management dimensions of (employment Green, training and development, green, performance evaluation Green, compensation and green bonuses) in the performance leadership of the organization dimensions of (advance planning, efficiency, effectiveness, index pioneering, renovation and modernization), Search of paramount importance because it addresses an important and modern issue in performance leadership, namely green management of human resources, aware of the importance of the subject and expected results of the company under study, an analysis of the data obtained through field visits in
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Research Summary
... Show MoreThe subject of the information technology system ( ITS ) of the important issues And contemporary thought in management, and various types of organizations seeking to apply and try to
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