Abstract The Knights of Labor, the first national industrial union in the United States, was founded in Philadelphia on December 9, 1869, by Uriah Stephens (1821-82) and eight other Philadelphia garment cutters. Intended to overcome the limitations of craft unions, the organization was designed to include all those who toiled with their hands. By mid-1886 nearly one million laborers called themselves Knights, making the organization the largest and most influential labor union in nineteenth century America. Stephens aspired to unite all wage-earners into a single organization regardless of skill, race, or sex. The organization excluded liquor dealers, lawyers, bankers, and professional gamblers. Stephens stressed the importance of solidarity within the ranks of labor in order to meet the power of capital. Between December 1869 and April 1875 the Knights made few gains outside of the city. During that time eighty-five local assemblies were established, seventy within the Philadelphia region. After the Great Railroad Strike of 1877 membership expanded and the first national officers were initiated after a convention in Reading, Pa., in 1878. In 1879 Terence V. Powderly (1849-1924), a native of Carbondale, Pa., replaced Stephens as Grand Master Workman after Stephens resigned the position. Powderly, who also served as the socialist mayor of Scranton from 1878-84, led the Knights until 1893. This study includes an introduction, four chapters and a conclusion, chapter I dealing with The roots of the labor movement in the United States of America until 1866 , This chapter dealt with a number of topics which are as follows: the first topic the labor movement in the colonial era, the second topic the factors crystallization of the labor movement after independence 1783-1840, and the third topic union activity until the end of the American Civil War 1840-1865. As for the second chapter, which was titled: The Emergence of the Workers' Organization and its Role in the Workers' Movement until 1881, it dealt with a number of topics which are as follows: The first topic is the general scene of the labor movement before the formation of the Workers' Organization 1866-1869, and the second topic is the principles and structure of the Workership Organization, the topic The third activity and work position of the Knights of the Economic Crisis 1870-1879, the fourth topic, Terence V. Powderly and his role in the development of the organization 1879-1881. The third chapter came under the title: The Rise and Prosperity of the Workers ’Organization 1881-1886, which dealt with a number of topics, as follows: The first topic: The factors of the rise of the Workers’ Organization, the second topic: the organization’s position on black workers, the third topic the organization’s activity in the southern states, the fourth topic position The organization from the strike of 1885-1886 and its reflection on the increase in membership, Section Five the organization's position on political action. Finally, the fourth chapter came under the title, Factors of Weakness of the Labor Knights Organization and its Decline 1886-1895. A number of topics were discussed as follows: The first topic: Organizational and structural problems within the Labor Knights Organization, the second topic is the repercussions of the failure of strikes on the organization in 1886-1887, the third topic is the position of the Knights on the Haymarket case And its negative repercussions, the fourth topic: internal differences and divisions and its role in the weakness of the organization, the fifth topic: the end of the Terence V. Powderly era and the decline of the organization's role in the labor movement.
United Arab of Emirates made efforts in developing workforce in the field of nuclear energy that it had a chance to attract specialized of this field that it reflect growth in every field of life through which it take special procedures to face casas as fokoshima .the state had started to apply the UAE peaceful nuclear program by opening (Baraka)station in 2010 as to be the first in the Arab world to aim to enhance and diversification energy sources of electricity there in addition to enhance the state’s efforts to achieve economic refreshing and environmental protect.
This research theme of the pressures of work , which is one of the important topics in order to recognize the reality of( influencing the pressures of work in the performance of employees in the General Company for Vegetable Oil Industry in Baghdad )through the statement of the existence of the correlation and influence whether or not the statement of the strength of this relationship and its impact in the case of its existence has been provided as part of my Search for variables and their removal in front of the Sub- scientific aspect has been the distribution of the questionnaire on a sample of( 62) people working in the company Mint distributors on several sections where.
Formed resolution of two sets
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The current study aimed to review previous scholarly efforts to understand the concept of sustainable development, its practices, and its significance for public institutions. The study focuses on the dimensions of sustainable development—environmental, social, and economic—within public institutions. Sustainable development allows these institutions to balance environmental protection, economic growth, and social justice, ensuring the prosperity of both current and future generations. Furthermore, sustainable development is crucial for maintaining organizational performance. The review bridges knowledge gaps related to sustainable development and utilizes an analytical approach, surveying previous studies on the topic. The sele
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This research examines the future of television work in light of the challenges posed by artificial intelligence (AI). The study aims to explore the impact of AI on the form and content of television messages and identify areas where AI can be employed in television production. This study adopts a future-oriented exploratory approach, utilizing survey methodology. As the research focuses on foresight, the researcher gathers the opinions of AI experts and media specialists through in-depth interviews to obtain data and insights. The researcher selected 30 experts, with 15 experts in AI and 15 experts in media. The study reveals several findings, including the potential use of machine learning, deep learning, and na
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Organizations adopt a number of procedures and instructions in their field of activities in order to aid their resources development and energies to serve their entrepreneurial orientations. This calls for preparing a range of mechanisms to mitigate the strictness and complexity of procedures. The ambiguity and severe complexity of procedures means acknowledging the loss in energy and this in turn impedes the hopes while in the same time weakens the enthusiasm in these organizations and an impedes the possibility to achieve continues innovation, thereby losing opportunities to the level of surrender to the risks and assuming them to be unconquered obstacles.
There
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The need for an intellectual understanding of the context from many aspects' dictates understanding the ways through which the graphic designer walks in simulating the intent of the design process and elevating it to levels of communicative perception that leads to communicating the idea to the recipient, and it is thus a need closely related to the context, if it is historical. Culturally or socially, and between the mechanisms of selecting and operating the elements and units of the graphic and design achievement. On this basis, the role of context in graphic design can be studied.
The research included four chapters, the first chapter of the research problem and the need for it, and the aim of the research was (discovering the
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The Economist opinion (views) gathered on the great Importance’s of small enterprise on the production sectors at Developed or in developing countries, statistics indicate that these enterprise represent almost 90% of the total enterprises in most economies in the world.
Many of these enterprises have originated in Iraq since the beginning of last century and the question of financing these enterprises remained an issue facing the most of workers in this sector, because of the peculiarty of which are characterized by which as a lack of financial abilities and the difficulty of obtain the sources of financing in Iraq and considered the enterprise as the guarantor of fulfilling Financial obligations. Afte
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As the child is growing up, he goes through different phases which will be accompanied by physical and psychological changes. These changes set the basis for processes of designing and making children's clothes which in turn give its required benefits and meet the physiological, psychological and community needs. That will help provide the child with healthy physical and psychological growth.
The aim of this research is to recognize the decoration of clothes by colors and drawings and its role in clothes' richness and children's education. The research limits are objective, The limits are for female (3-5) years old. The research was done in teaching kindergarten in the college of education for women in 2016. The researchers found many
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There are many aspects of inference in the Holy Qur’an, whether it is evidence, evidence, argument, authority, or proof.
These expressions or expressions are close in meaning to each other in appearance, but the Qur’an used them all in their exact place, so every word in the Qur’an has its own use that was set for it, and no other word can replace it even if it is close in meaning to it. And these aspects that the Qur’an mentioned as evidence for the aspects of inference in it may come to be mental, textual, or tactile evidence.
The Qur’an exalted the importance of evidence and proof in its religion, and entrusted it with confirming and rejecting the plaintiff’s claim, regardless of its subject matter
The performance measures and traditional methods used in management accounting is no longer able to provide convenient to evaluate the performance of economic units in the modern manufacturing environment information، and so this information is more important and feasibility must be Mistohat of all the company's activities and functions، and it is a problem Find the inadequacy of information management accounting that contribute to meet the needs of the upper levels of management to cope with the problems resulting from the increased size and complexity of the business، and lack of management accounting information and methods used in the performance evaluation، which reflected negatively on the value chain activities and then on the
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