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Enhanced Security Taxonomy for Fog-Enabled VANETs: A Comprehensive Survey on Attacks, Challenges, Applications and Architectures
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Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are integral to Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), enabling real-time communication between vehicles and infrastructure to enhance traffic flow, road safety, and passenger experience. However, the open and dynamic nature of VANETs presents significant privacy and security challenges, including data eavesdropping, message manipulation, and unauthorized access. This study addresses these concerns by leveraging advancements in Fog Computing (FC), which offers lowlatency, distributed data processing near-end devices to enhance the resilience and security of VANET communications. The paper comprehensively analyzes the security frameworks for fog-enabled VANETs, introducing a novel taxonomy that classifies threats, attack vectors, and mitigation strategies across various applications and architectures. Additionally, this study outlines methods for secure data sharing, real-time authentication, and threat mitigation while evaluating emerging security frameworks. By highlighting the advantages of FC—such as localized data privacy management, mobility support, and real-time decision-making—this survey establishes a foundation for future research and innovation in developing secure, scalable, and robust VANET systems. The findings offer practical implications for designing next-generation ITS with enhanced security and operational efficiency.

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 24 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Analytical Study of the Content of Social and National Studies Textbooks of the Middle Stage in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the Light of the Values of Social Peace
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This study aimed to reveal the extent to which the values of social peace are included in the content of social and national studies textbooks of the middle stage in kingdom of Saudi Arabia. To achieve this goal, the researcher used the descriptive analytical approach. The study sample consisted of all developed social and national studies textbooks of the middle stage in kingdom of Saudi Arabia in first and second semester of student books in edition of 1439-1440. The study tool was the analysis card. The study reached the following results: 1-The content of social and national studies textbooks of the middle stage in kingdom of Saudi Arabia as a whole included (38) social peace values of total (40) values, corresponding to the inclusio

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Mustansiriyah Journal Of Sports Science
The use of training methods in accordance with special exercises to develop flexibility and perform the skills of shooting from above the chest (abduction) to wrestlers ages (14-15)"
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Evolution has become a feature of this era because of the speed that makes it open multiple horizons and many to identify everything that is new in different areas and also characterized by the competitive position of emotional attitudes changing depending on the positions of winning and defeat, and the use of training methods are the most important pillars of the game of wrestling, The methods contribute to raising the level of the wrestler and refining his physical and skill potential. The problem of the research is that the shooting exercises from above the chest are very important in Roman wrestling and can be terminated by the player. Through very personal interviews for coaches and concluded that there is a weakness in the level of fl

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 07 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Evaluating the level of readiness to teach science in the light of the information, media, and technology skills among undergraduate students at the Faculty of Education, King Khalid University
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This research aimed to evaluate the level of readiness to teach science in the light of the information, media, and technology skills among undergraduate students at the Faculty of Edu-cation, King Khalid University. To achieve this goal, a descriptive and analytical approach was used. A list of readiness to teach science was prepared in the light of Information, media, and technology skills, and in the light of this list, a cognitive test, observation sheet, and attitude scale were prepared to assess readiness to teach science in its three aspects, cognitive, behavioral, and emotional. The sample of the research consisted of (42) students enrolled in field training courses at the sixth, seventh and eighth levels. Research tools were app

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Tribal separation and its relation to the organization of the community from the point of view of tribal sheikhs Field study in the City of Baghdad Sadr City model))
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One of topics that occupied alarge area  in Iraqi  society  at the moment is the  issue( of tribal  separation and its  relation  to the organization of  the community ) so we see in the civilizations and heritage  of each community aset  of provisions and laws that take the form of status   customary or religious it is indicative of the great interest in Iraqi society in cotrolling the behavior of individuals to comply with values and social laws and become their behavior is consistent with the behavior of the total and adhere to the social values and be productive individuals within  the subject and this can only be  achieved  from the social co

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 19 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Elements of Promotion Mix and Their Effect in Insurance Service Marketing by Using Factor Analysis Approach: An Exploratory Research foe views of works Sample at the National Insurance Company
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The insurance is considered as one of the sectors that is impact is vital to the national economy and development programs, Insurance companies as financial institutions have an effect an aspects of social, economic as well as the participation of enterprises in compensation for the risk potential losses and individuals, Insurance sector provides insurance service insurance which should be characterized by quality and satisfy  needs and desires of the customer , so the  raise insurance awareness in the community its members and institutions will help in  maintaining the movement of production and service delivery standards, quality sought by the insured to obtain, as well as the development of promotional programs, and use

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Crossref
Publication Date
Thu Dec 29 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
The morphological structure of nouns and verbs in the novel "Astonishment" by the novelist Aharon Applefield, Morphological study.: מבנה שמות עצם והפעלים ברומן תימהון לסופר אהרון אפלפלד עיון מורפולוגי
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This research sheds light on the morphological structure of nouns and verbs in the novel "ASTONISHMENT" by the novelist Aharon Applefield by analysing selected models from the novel in a morphological analysis in order to identify the most important morphological features of this structure according to a statistical analytical approach.

 The morphological structure is the main pillar of the linguistic structure of the literary text. Morphology is the science that studies the word, by which its structure and original letters are known, and the change that has occurred to it.  The aesthetics of the fictional text is reflected in this structure, through which the writer conveys his ideas and narrations to the reader.  The research

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Jun 06 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Geographical Distribution of Power Plants in Iraq in 2015 Using Geographic Information Systems
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The study aims to study the geographical distribution of electricpower plants in Iraq, except the governorates of Kurdistan Region (Dohuk, Erbil, Sulaymaniyah) due to lack of data.

In order to reach the goal of the research was based on some mathematical equations and statistical methods to determine how the geographical distribution of these stations (gas, hydropower, steam, diesel) within the provinces and the concentration of them as well as the possibility of the classification of power plants in Iraq to facilitate understanding of distribution in a scientific manner is characterized by objectively.

The most important results of the research are that there are a number of factors that led to the irregular distribution

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Development an Anomaly Network Intrusion Detection System Using Neural Network
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Most intrusion detection systems are signature based that work similar to anti-virus but they are unable to detect the zero-day attacks. The importance of the anomaly based IDS has raised because of its ability to deal with the unknown attacks. However smart attacks are appeared to compromise the detection ability of the anomaly based IDS. By considering these weak points the proposed
system is developed to overcome them. The proposed system is a development to the well-known payload anomaly detector (PAYL). By
combining two stages with the PAYL detector, it gives good detection ability and acceptable ratio of false positive. The proposed system improve the models recognition ability in the PAYL detector, for a filtered unencrypt

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Crossref
Publication Date
Wed May 29 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
Elements of Public Transportation Systems Operating in City Center
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The traffic congestion caused by the increase in the number of vehicles in the cities as a result of the increase in the population and the density of construction requires the provision of appropriate infrastructure and the provision of transport systems and logistics services that meet the needs of the population to meet the many challenges now and in the future by introducing various modes of transport , In accordance with integrated plans such as the use of (pedestrian friendly environments, bicycles and their own paths, light rail, metro, express bus, as well as public transport buses and others), through the development of Projects High-level roads, such as the annual and major roads, etc., and integrated with the urban planning of

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 28 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
The effect of preventive exercises using the (isometric) method and aids to help develop the strength of the thigh muscles of the first-class referees of the Iraqi Premier League
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The aim of the research is to identify the values of the level of muscular strength of the thighs, as well as to identify the significance of the differences between the pre-tests and the post-tests for the first-class football referees in the Iraqi Premier League. The researchers used the one-group experimental approach for its suitability to the nature of the study problem, and the research sample was from first-class referees in the Iraqi Premier League for the sports season (2022/2023), and their number was (15) referees. They took the comprehensive enumeration method, and special tests were conducted on them in the stadium and the private hall at the Ministry of Youth and Sports Center. After analyzing and discussing the result

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