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A Review of TCP Congestion Control Using Artificial Intelligence in 4G and 5G Networks
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In recent years, the field of research around the congestion problem of 4G and 5G networks has grown, especially those based on artificial intelligence (AI). Although 4G with LTE is seen as a mature technology, there is a continuous improvement in the infrastructure that led to the emergence of 5G networks. As a result of the large services provided in industries, Internet of Things (IoT) applications and smart cities, which have a large amount of exchanged data, a large number of connected devices per area, and high data rates, have brought their own problems and challenges, especially the problem of congestion. In this context, artificial intelligence (AI) models can be considered as one of the main techniques that can be used to solve network congestion problems. Since AI technologies are able to extract relevant features from data and deal with huge amounts of data, the integration of communication networks with AI to solve the congestion problem appears promising, and the research requires exploration. This paper provides a review of how AI technologies can be used to solve the congestion problem in 4G and 5G networks. We examined previous studies addressing the problem of congestion in networks, such as congestion prediction, congestion control, congestion avoidance, and TCP development for congestion control. Finally, we discuss the future vision of using AI technologies in 4G and 5G networks to solve congestion problems and identify research issues that need further study.

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Publication Date
Fri Jul 01 2016
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The Color and its Semiotic Reflections in Iraqi Newspapers.
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The Colour is one of important aspect of human activity, especially in General arts and press, and also is one of the essential elements to achieve and build the idea of design technology in the appropriate places, according to the space of designs work.
In a view of the colour and its relationship with the Semiotics, we can find that the objectives goals at the point of visual formats that’s «oral or written”. In last years, the intellectual concerns of Semiotics through eye contact methods, that’s meaning contact methods for get messages of sense of sight.
The semiotics term Can be defined into: (the sequential feature or network system has relations according agreed language rules, in a particular environment, also is a g

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 19 2019
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
Diplomatic work and its importance in foreign policy planning
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That the diplomatic work and its importance in foreign policy planning assumes the following points: 1. Choosing the tool in the sense of choosing the most correct tool that reflects the reality of the situation on the one hand and the disposal of strong energy to reach the implementation of the political decision. The declaration of war and entering into a resolution that uses force merely to face insulting ambassadors does not mean Power of the State concerned. But an imbalance in its foreign policy. 2. The coordination of the tools, that the foreign policy scheme must be such a role, and on the external style, diplomatic work, military action and propaganda must complement each other, to the extent that each of them is the first attac

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 15 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Innovation, Creativity And Change
Sublimation and the New Culture in August Wilson's Fences
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August Wilson’s major concern is to communicate the African American cultural awareness; to establish a counter-culture based on self-confidence and assertiveness. He advocates an encouraging attitude to elevate the African Americans’ spiritual consciousness and to teach them how to sublimate their aims in life. He aspires to win the everlasting battle against racial discrimination, oppression, injustice, and identity confusion. Sublimation, as a defense mechanism, will be Wilson’s new ammunition to re-read and to re-interpret the psychic constitution of his people, to help them get out of their self-imposed fences and this is the core of Wilson’s new culture. Sublimation is the process in which the psyche directs the negative drive

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 09 2022
Journal Name
مجلة كلية الاداب جامعة بغداد
Khadija Al-Hadith and her scientific role in Iraq
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Khadija Al-Hadithi was known for her love of the Arabic language. She was a distinguished and serious phenomenon in Arabic science and culture. She was born in Basra Governorate, one of the ancient and important cities in the history of Arabic grammar and one of the centers of the intellectual and scientific movement. The Basra Grammar School emerged there and made numerous achievements in the field of Arabic linguistics that remain an important source for students of the specialty.

Publication Date
Tue Apr 22 2025
Journal Name
Passer Journal Of Basic And Applied Sciences
Searching Elastic and Inelastic Coulomb Transitions in Chromium-54
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Publication Date
Wed Nov 13 2024
Journal Name
Aip Conference Proceedings
On Sδ.derived and Sδ.isolated sets in supra topological spaces
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The topic of supra.topological.spaces considered one of the important topics because it is a generalization to topological.spaces. Many researchers have presented generalizations to supra open sets such as supra semi.open and supra pre.open sets and others. In this paper, the concept of δ∼open sets was employed and introduced in to the concept of supra topology and a new type of open set was extracted, which was named S∼δ∼open. Our research entails the utilization of this category of sets to form a new concepts in these spaces, namely S∼δ∼limit points and S∼δ∼derive points, and examining its relationship with S∼open and S∼reg∼open. Based on this class of sets, we have introduced other new concepts such as S∼isolate

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 17 2016
Journal Name
Al-academy
Stability and periphery in Graphic design: دينا محمد عناد
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Graphic design art depends on changeable cognitive systems which their relation and items relying on the accumulation of humane knowledge and thong and the humane look to the venality and his explanation to the relation between him and the venality , then the graphic design art becomes an important item of this accumulation knowledge besides , it is on kind of knowledge kinds . The technological advancement in communication lauds to increasing in communication media and design methods , where the computer and its application in graphic design promotes the design process because of it's capalebities which lead to in creasing in production process , minimizing the cost and time and achieving creative and aesthetic aspect because of it's fe

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Crossref
Publication Date
Wed Mar 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
Decorative aesthetic aspects and their use in Islamic architecture
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The architecture of the richly decorated mosques demonstrated that the Islamic culture is one of the most significant and greatest civilizations in the history of humanity. The plant decorative units are one of the key areas in which the Muslim artist excelled. As a result, he created various plant forms that he took from nature, which led him to invent the arabesque art consisting of plant motifs with curved and rounded lines or wrapped between them. These shapes with curved borders include leaves, twigs, and flowers. Buildings and artefacts from the nineteenth century AD have this shape. they achieved their objectives during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. There was another kind of vegetable decorative unit, made up of stems and

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
Academy Of Accounting And Financial Studies Journal
Organizational performance in Iraqi SMEs: Validity and reliability questionnaire
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Scopus (8)
Scopus
Publication Date
Tue Mar 15 2022
Journal Name
Al-academy
Symbolic significance and its effectiveness in industrial product design
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The current research dealt with the symbolic significance and its effectiveness in the design of the industrial product, the aesthetic communicative discourse that embodies the imagination and human conscience. Whether according to what has been termed custom or what has been approved by traditions long ago, symbolism may be the main actor in linking the identifying components of the product. In addition, symbolism provides the user with the key to accessing a direct awareness of the product’s shape and function, as an identification of the product by stimulating the symbolic form of the consumer’s imagination and inviting him to To meditate in order to realize the implicit meaning behind these forms and thus achieve the symbolism of

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