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A Linguistic Study of Comment Clauses in the American Series “Friends “
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The present study is a linguistic study of comment clauses in the American Series „Friends‟ .Comment clauses refer to those clauses which comment on the content of the main clause or the attitude of the speaker towards the way of speaking .The problem of this study is to answer the following questions ; what types of comment clauses can be used in the face- to –face conversations , for what functions these comment clauses could be used , and how these comment clauses are used by the participants of these conversations . This study is a qualitative one . The study aims to investigate the types of comment clauses used in the American Series “Friends‟. The study also aims to investigate the pragmatic functions of these comment clauses and how they are used by the participants of the conversations in the American Series „Friends‟ .The researcher assumes that comment clauses are highly used in the American Series „Friends‟ and ,due to the variety of the conversations , many types of comment clauses are used in these conversations . The data of the study is conversations of the first episode of seasons ( 1,2,5,6,9,10) of the American Series „Friends‟ .The data of the study has been analyzed by adopting Quirk et al (1985) classification and functions of comment clauses . The analysis of the conversations shows that the type of comment clauses used in these conversations is that which is similar to the matrix of the main clause. Throughout the whole conversations , only the following forms of comment clauses are used : „I mean‟, „you know‟ , and „I know‟. The analysis also shows that these comment clauses occurred in the initial , middle , and final positions of these conversations .The findings reveal that these comment clauses have different pragmatic functions ; to express the speaker‟s certainty of his main statement , to put things right and express the main statement probably ,to attract the listener‟s attention ,to make sure that the listener fully understands the content of communication , and to express the speaker‟s informality and warmth towards the hearer .

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 01 2012
Journal Name
Australian Journal Of Basic And Applied Sciences
Electrochemical interferences of Mn<sup>2+</sup> with Hg<sup>2+</sup>, Cd<sup>2+</sup> and Cu<sup>2+</sup> at different modified GCE
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Glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified with carbon nanotubes CNT and C60 by attachment and solution evaporation techniques, respectively. CNT/Li+/GCE and C60/Li+/GCE were prepared by modifying CNT/GCE and C60/GCE in Li+ solution via cyclic voltammetry (CV) potential cycling. The sensing characteristics of the modified film electrodes, demonstrated in this study for interference of Mn2+ in different heavy metals ion esp. Hg2+, Cd2+ and Cu2+. The interfering effect was investigated that exert positive interference on the redox peaks of Mn2+. The modification of GCE with nano materials and Li+ act an enhancement for the redox current peaks to observe the effect of interference for Mn2+ in 1:1 ratio with different heavy metals ion.

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 30 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Removal Of Dissolved Cadmium Ions from Contaminated Wastewater using Raw Scrap Zero-Valent Iron And Zero Valent Aluminum as Locally Available and Inexpensive Sorbent Wastes
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The current study was to examine the reliability and effectiveness of using most abundant, inexpensive waste in the form of scrap raw zero valent aluminum ZVAI and zero valent iron ZVI for the capture, retard, and removal of one of the most serious and hazardous heavy metals cadmium dissolved in water. Batch tests were conducted to examine contact time (0-250) min, sorbent dose (0.25-1 g ZVAI/100 mL and 2-8 g ZVI/100 mL), initial pH (3-6), pollutant concentration of 50mg/L initially, and speed of agitation (0-250) rpm . Maximum contaminant removal efficiency corresponding to (90 %) for cadmium at 250 min contact time, 1g ZVAI/ 6g ZVI sorbent mass ratio, pH 5.5, pollutant concentration of 50 mg/L initially, and 250 rpm agitation speed wer

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Crossref (11)
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Publication Date
Tue Apr 24 2018
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Synthesis and Antifungal Activity Against of Candida Species for Some New Heterocyclic Compounds Containing Schiff Base , Oxazepine , Indoline or Imidazolo Units and Their Spectral Characterization
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       The objective of this study is to test In Vitro the twenty chemical compounds that contains Schiff base or oxazepine, indoline, imidazolo units in concentrations( 50, 100, 150) mg / dl as antifungal activity, against three pathogenic Candida species  that occur in humans. We tested one isolates of

   ) Candida albicans ,Candida glabrata and Candida krusei). All these species affect human health . The study was carried out in the Laboratory of Public Health , directly of health for the period from May 2016 to April 2017  , Candida spp isolates used in this study were collected from patients admitted at  some private c

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 07 2014
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Mixed Ligand Complexes of quinoline-2-carboxylic acid and 4,4/-dimethyl-2,2/-bipyridyl with V(IV),Cr(III), Rh(III), Cd(II) and Pt(IV)
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A new mixed ligand complexes were prepared by reaction of quinoline -2-carboxylic acid (L1) and 4,4?dimethyl-2,2?-bipyridyl (L2) with V(IV),Cr(III), Rh(III), Cd(II) and Pt(IV) ions. These complexes were isolated and characterized by (FT-IR) and (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, elemental analysis, flame atomic absorption technique, thermogravimetric analysis, in addition to magnetic susceptibility and conductivity measurements. Most complexes were mononuclear and with octahedral geometry, except Cd (II) with tetrahedral geometry, and V (IV) with square pyramidal geometry. A theoretical treatment of the ligands and the prepared complexes in gas phase was done using two programs Hyperchem.8 and Gaussian program (GaussView Currently Available Versions (

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Crossref (1)
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Publication Date
Mon Apr 23 2018
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Comparative Analysis of Various Techniques for Giardia lamblia Detection and Association with E coil and Shigella Among Children Attending AL-Imamin AL-Kadhimin Medical City
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 Diarrhea is an important public health problem worldwide, several causes associated with diarrhea especially in population live under poverty and unsafe water use. Different methods are available and use in diagnosis. This study was carried out to compare of various techniques for Giardia lamblia detection and study the association with  E coil and Shigella in patients with diarrhea.  A total of 100 children with diarrhoea were enrolled into the study, 57 were males and 43 were females, aged from 2 months -16 years were attendant to AL-Imamin AL-Kadhimin Medical City, during the period from May 2014 to February 2015.  Stool samples were collected and analysed for Giardia lamblia

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Publication Date
Sun Aug 13 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Ligand Type N2O2 and it,s Complexes With Cu(п) Co(п), Ni(п), Zn(п), and Cd(п) ions
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The reaction of ethylenediamine with [2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenon] and KOH (Schiff Base) to gives the new tetradentate ligand 2-(1-{2-{1-2,6-Dihydroxy-4-methyl phenyl)ethyliden amino}- ethylimino}-ethyl-benzene- 1,2,5-triol [HCl]. This ligand was reacted with some metal ions (Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II)) in methanol with (1:1) metal :  ligand ratio to give a series of new complexes of the general formula [M(H4L)], where: M= Cu(11), Co(II), Ni(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II).      All compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods [I.R, U.V.-Vis, C.H.N., analysis H.P.L.C, atomic absorption, magnetic susceptibility, (EI-mass for the ligand)], and microanalysis along with conductivity measurements

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 28 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Natural Sciences Research
Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Investigations of (Ag, Cu, Ni, Co, Mn and Hg) Complexes with Schiff Base Derived From PVA and Erythro-Ascorbic Acid Derivative
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The aim of this work is the synthesis of new Schiff base derived from PVA and Erythro-ascorbic acid derivative (pentulosono-ɣ-lactone-2,3-enedianisoate) and its metal complexes of biological significance. All synthesized compounds were characterized by Thin layer chromatography (TLC) and FTIR spectra and aldehyde was also characterized by (U.V-Vis), 1HNMR, 13CNMR and mass spectra. The synthesized Schiff base & its metal complexes were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against five pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Shigella dysentery,Klebsiellapneumonae,Staphylococcusaureus, Staphylococcus Albus) and two fungal (Aspergillus Niger,Yeast).The biological activity ofall complexes is higher than free Schiff base ligand andf

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 30 2025
Journal Name
Samarra Journal Of Pure And Applied Science
Synthesis, Spectral Characterization and Biological Activity of Schiff Base ligand Derived from 5-amino-2-phenyl-2,4-dihydro3H-Pyrazol-3-one and its Metal Complexes
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Eight new complexes with the general formula [M(L)2(H2O)2] were prepared resulting from the reaction of the new Schiff base ligand [(E)-5- ((2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino)-2-phenyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3- one(L)] with metal ions [manganese, cadmium, zinc, copper, nickel, cobalt, Mercury Bivalent and tetravalent platinum. This ligand was derived from the reaction of the amine (5-amino-2-phenyl-2,4-dihydro3H-pyrazol-3-one) with Salicylaldehyde, which is linked to the metal ions via two atoms. The nitrogen is the isomethene group, and the oxygen is the hydroxide group of the pyrazoline ring. The prepared compounds were characterized using infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and ultraviolet spectroscopy, and from the

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 06 2009
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis and Characterization of (Fe(II),Co(II),Ni(II) and Cu(II)) Complexes with Schiff Base derived from [benzoyl hydrazine] with [benzyl mono oxime]
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The reaction of [Benzoyl hydrazine] with [Diphenyl mono oxime] and Glacial acetic acid was carried out in methanol gave a new tridentate ligand [Benzoic acid (2- hydroxyimino- 1, 2-diphyneylethylidene) - hydrazide]. This ligand was reacted with some metal ions (Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II)) in methanol with (1:1) metal : ligand ratio to give a series of new complexes of the general formula [M(L)Cl2.H2O], where M= Fe(11), Co(11), Ni(11) and Cu(11) . All compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods (I.R, UV-Vis), elemental microanalysis (C.H.N), atomic absorption, magnetic susceptibility, and conductivity measurements. From the obtained data the proposed molecular structures were suggested for the complexes of Fe (II), Co (II)

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 15 2023
Journal Name
Bionatura
Estimating genetic parameters of maize hybrids and parents under different plant densities (Combining ability for yield and some other traits for maize Zea mays L.)
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A field experiment was carried out in the fields of the Field Crops Department - Faculty of Agricultural Engineering Sciences. The study included five inbred lines (ZM43W (ZE), ZM60, ZM49W3E, ZM19, CDCN5), given numbers 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) to study the hybrid vigor and both general and special combing ability (GCA, SCA) of the half diallel mating method, for the spring and fall seasons (2016). The genetic analysis shows that all crosses gave a positive hybrid vigor for grain yield per unit area at the two population densities. the highest value is 116.20% for cross (3´5 )at low density, and 89.22% for cross( 1´4 )at high density. The hybrid vigor for all crosses is positive at two densities for dry matter yield, crop growth rate an

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