The levels of lead (pb), copper (cu), cobalt (co) and cadmium (cd) were determined in different kinds of milk and the health risks were evaluated. The mean levels were 0.73±0.21, 0.06±0.01, 0.12±0.01 and 0.14±0.01 ppm for these metals respectively. The levels of pb and cu were found to be insignificant differences (p<0.05), whereas the levels of co and cd, were no significant differences (p>0.05). The dry and liquid kinds of milk were different significantly (p<0.05), whereas the original, was no significant differences (p>0.05). The values for all metals were more than one. The metals pb and cd were detected at highest concentrations in most dry and liquid milk samples.

In the present study, a total of 245 flour samples were collected from 49 mills on both sides of Baghdad city (Al- Karkh and Al- Resafa), during the period from 1/6 - 1/12/ 2015 to detect the prolportion of iron added to the flour samples. It is found that only 45% of mills produced flour contain the prescribed percentage of iron (30-60 ppm) while 51.9% of the mills produced flour at rate is less or much more than the prescribed percentage, while only 4.1% of the mills were not added iron to the flour.

This study is designed to isolate and molecular identification of C. neoformans, C. neoformans is pathogenic yeast and effect immunocompromised and immunocompetent. Methods: collect 50 samples from pigeon dropping and 50 samples from pigeon fanciers (sputum). The collection time was extended from November 2021 to February 2022, then culture at SDA, BSA, Cryptococcus Differential agar, esculin agar, Eucalyptus leaves agar media and Brain heart infusion agar with methyldopa, biochemical test including urease test and methyldopa, and then confirm identification by molecular identification by PCR technique sequencing and genetic analysis. The results showed that 3 swaps taken from sputum of human included cryptococcus neoformans and 6 s

Pregnant women who have rubella may potentially pass the infection on to their unborn offspring. A congenital rubella infection can result in a miscarriage, stillbirth, and congenital rubella syndrome. The only member of the Togaviridae family’s Rubivirus genus, the Rubella virus (RV) is a positive-polarity, single-stranded RNA virus genome surrounded by a lipoprotein envelope with spike-like, hemagglutinin-containing surface projections.The objective: to determine the Rubella virus (1E genotype) in pregnant woman and its relation to spontaneous miscarriage.Materials and methods. A total of 174 women which visited Al-Elweya Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, were screened according to the following criteria: women with a history of

Abstract. Healthy skin is an important layer that gives appearance and self-confidence. The skin is affected by internal and external factors that surrounding the body. The problem of skin diseases is considered as one of the widespread diseases. The occurrence of these diseases varies from place to place depending on the nature of climate, the culture of the people, and their economic condition. A cross-sectional study of skin diseases was conducted at the dermatology centre for outpatient clinic of Baghdad hospital. The study is based on 7555 patients of all ages who are attended to this hospital in order to determine the prevalence of skin diseases. The study shows that the most prevalence skin diseases were infectious diseases with

Background: Diabetes mellitus type 2 has been known for many years as the most common endocrine metabolic disorder that affect the oral cavity and cause many oral diseases including candidiasis. In this study, the incidence of Candida spp. in the saliva of controlled and uncontrolled diabetic patients were determined and compared with non diabetic group. Material and method: The sample consists of 200 subjects: 100 diabetic patients [57 (28.5%) uncontrolled diabetes, 43 (21.5%) controlled diabetes] and 100 (50%) non diabetic groups. Saliva samples was obtained from the subjects and cultured on selective media using appropriate microbiological method to observe the presence of Candida spp. Results: The results revealed a significant associat