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Downregulation of the Gene Expression of Efflux Pump Gene (acrA) and its Regulator (ramA) in Klebsiella pneumoniae by Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
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Introduction: Biocides are commonly used for disinfection in a variety of contexts. They are generally used to avoid infection by controlling biofilm on medical equipment. However, the literature lacks information on the effect of biocide on efflux pump gene expression. Objective: To determine the influence of biocide on biofilm development and efflux pump acrA and ramA gene expression. Methodology: The microtiter plate method was used to identify biofilm development in 80 isolates of K. pneumoniae. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of three biocides (quaternary ammonium compound (QAC), chlorohexidine digluconate, and chloroxylenol) were estimated. The effect of QAC on the intensity and viability of biofilms was investigated as well. Its influence on biofilm was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. For each isolate, gene expression of the acrA and ramA was evaluated before and after treatment with the biocide (at ½MIC). Results: The study revealed that 60% of isolates formed moderate biofilms. Biofilms of all isolates were inhibited by QAC at high concentrations. Moreover, QAC at ½MIC downregulated the gene expression of the efflux pump gene (acrA) and its regulator (ramA). Conclusion: Biofilms of all isolates were prevented by QAC at high doses. Furthermore, QAC at ½MIC decreased the expression of the efflux pump gene (acrA) and its regulator (ramA).

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 07 2015
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Optimum conditions for Inulinase production by Aspergillus niger using solid state fermentation
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Thirty local fungal isolates according to Aspergillus niger were screened for Inulinase production on synthetic solid medium depending on inulin hydrolysis appear as clear zone around fungal colony. Semi-quantitative screening was performed to select the most efficient isolate for inulinase production. the most efficient isolate was AN20. The optimum condition for enzyme production from A. niger isolate was determined by busing a medium composed of sugar cane moisten with corn steep liquor 5;5 (v/w) at initial pH 5.0 for 96 hours at 30 0C . Enzyme productivity was tested for each of the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus, the fungus A. niger AN20 and for a mixed culture of A. niger and K. marxianus. The productivity of A. niger gave the highest

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Constructing a Software Tool for Detecting Face Mask-wearing by Machine Learning
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       In the pandemic era of COVID19, software engineering and artificial intelligence tools played a major role in monitoring, managing, and predicting the spread of the virus. According to reports released by the World Health Organization, all attempts to prevent any form of infection are highly recommended among people. One side of avoiding infection is requiring people to wear face masks. The problem is that some people do not incline to wear a face mask, and guiding them manually by police is not easy especially in a large or public area to avoid this infection. The purpose of this paper is to construct a software tool called Face Mask Detection (FMD) to detect any face that does not wear a mask in a specific

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 09 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Estimating Electricity Generation from Wind Power by V82 at ThiQar – Iraq
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One of the most demanded studies is wind turbine site assessment. It is difficult to build a simulation program because of the many variables that affect the wind speed and direction. The procedure of this research depend on two approaches, the Wind Atlas Analysis model and the Inverse Distance Wait interpolation. These procedures give the estimated annual energy production for each turbine (V82) with 82m blades diameter at 70m hub heights. The output at this location for each turbine is about (4.3 GWh). The studied area is about 20x20km2 and could be plant at least 600 turbine and have about 2500 GWh of annual energy production.

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 24 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Steganography Based on Arabic Language Texts by Kashida Using STRI As RNG
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One of the primary problems in internet is security, mostly when computer utilization is increasing in all social and business areas. So, the secret communications through public and private channels are the major goal of researchers. Information hiding is one of methods to obtain a security communication medium and protecting the data during transmission.
This research offers in a new method using two levels to hide, the first level is hiding by embedding and addition but the second level is hiding by injection. The first level embeds a secret message in one bit in the LSB in the FFT and the addition of one kashida. Subtraction of two random images (STRI) is RNG to find positions for hiding within the text. The second level is the in

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 02 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Optical properties for TiO2 / PMMA nanocomposite thin films prepared by plasma jet
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PMMA/TiO2 homogeneous thin films were deposited by using plasma jet system under normal atmospheric pressure and room temperature. PMMA/TiO2 nanocomposite thin film synthesized by plasma polymerization. Titanium oxide was mixed with Methyl Methacrylate Monomer (MMA) with specific weight ratios (1, 3 and 5 grams of TiO2 per 100 ml of MMA). Optical properties of PMMA/TiO2 nanocomposite thin films were characterized by UV-Visible absorption spectra using a double beam UV-Vis-NIR Spectrophotometer. The thin films surface morphological analysis is carried out by employing SEM. The structure analysis are achieved by X-ray diffraction. UV-Visible absorption spectra shows that the increasing the concentration of titanium oxide added to the polym

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 31 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
On Sandwich Theorems Results for Certain Univalent Functions Defined by Generalized Operators
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In this present paper, we obtain some differential subordination and superordination results, by using generalized operators for certain subclass of analytic functions in the open unit disk. Also, we derive some sandwich results.

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 01 2023
Journal Name
Indonesian Journal Of Electrical Engineering And Computer Science
Diagnose COVID-19 by using hybrid CNN-RNN for Chest X-ray
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<p>Combating the COVID-19 epidemic has emerged as one of the most promising healthcare the world's challenges have ever seen. COVID-19 cases must be accurately and quickly diagnosed to receive proper medical treatment and limit the pandemic. Imaging approaches for chest radiography have been proven in order to be more successful in detecting coronavirus than the (RT-PCR) approach. Transfer knowledge is more suited to categorize patterns in medical pictures since the number of available medical images is limited. This paper illustrates a convolutional neural network (CNN) and recurrent neural network (RNN) hybrid architecture for the diagnosis of COVID-19 from chest X-rays. The deep transfer methods used were VGG19, DenseNet121

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 29 2016
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Preparation and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles and Study Their effect on the Electrical Conductivity of ÙŠ the Polymer Blend(Poly vinyle acitet. Pectin ,poly Aniline)
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 In research we prepared electrical conductive polymer mixture wich consisted of three polymers [pectin, poly vinyl acetate and poly Aniline] was prepared then doping silver nanoparticles. Meaning it was conducting research on the three stages the first is  Preparing triple polymer blend , Preparing silver nanoparticles and Tchoub mix triple Article nanoparticles in different proportions to get (Nanopolymer composites), and Preparing and making chips complexes in (casting method) for the purpose of measuring electrical conductivity her. Also we examined samples spectrum infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction), SEM microscope and atomic force microscopy AFM. Electrical conductivity of the device chips have been measured (LCR) resul

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 01 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Effect of pH on the Structural and Optical Properties of Cadmium oxide Thin Films Prepared Using the Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) Method
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Cadmium oxide (CdO) thin films were deposited using the sequencing ion layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method. In this study, the effect of the pH value of an aqueous solution of cadmium acetate at a concentration of 0.2 mol of the cadmium oxide film was determined. The solution source for the cadmium oxide film was cadmium ions and an aqueous ammonia solution. The CdO films were deposited on glass substrates at a temperature of 90 ℃. The cadmium oxide film thickness was determined by the weight difference method at pH values ​​(7.2, 8.2). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the size of the crystals increased with the increase in the solution (pH). While the UV-visible spectra of the fil

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 17 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The Faculty Of Medicine Baghdad
Measurement of the serum level of Elabela for the early detection of acute kidney injury in hospitalized Iraqi COVID-19 patients
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Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is caused coronavirus disease
2019 (COVID-19) affecting people worldwide. The angiotensin converting enzyme2 (ACE2) represents a
receptor of SARS-CoV-2 on the infected host cell. Apelin or its receptor agonists suppress the production of
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensin II (Ang-II) and is characterized by a protective effect
against SARS-CoV-2.
Objective: The study aims to assess the serum level of Elabela biomarker as an early detector for Acute
Kidney Injury (AKI) in patients with COVID-19.
Cases and Methods: This is a case-control study which included 45 hospitalized adult patients in multiple
centers (pu

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