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Simultaneous determination of metronidazole and thiamine using UV-spectroscopy
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The development of analytical techniques is required for the accurate and comprehensive detection and measurement of antibiotic contamination in the environment. Metronidazole is a common antibacterial, antiprotozoal, and antibiotic drug. Thiamine is a vital biological and medicinal ingredient that is involved in the metabolism of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates that produce energy. The study aims to identify the drugs in a mixture without separation to provide more information to confirm if a drug is present in a combination. Metronidazole and thiamine are two examples of pharmaceutical and environmental samples that can be identified using spectrophotometric techniques because of their low cost and simplicity of use. The operating solutions of both drugs were used to scan the UV spectrum between 200 and 400 nm, and the corresponding overlay spectra of the two drugs were recorded. The best absorption peak at 264 nm is exhibited by thiamine, which is observed in the presence of metronidazole with the peak at 320 nm in the suggested method. The working curve for metronidazole and thiamine was set to obey the Beer – Lambert law in the range of (1 – 15) μg/mL for each of them, with molar absorptivity values of 12716.89 and 2053.22 liter/mol/cm for metronidazole and thiamine, respectively. Thiamine and metronidazole showed results in the recovery study that ranged from 99.1 to 100% across three concentrations. For thiamine and metronidazole, the precision study was conducted using estimates of RSD 0.29 and 1.09. The suggested method yielded a relative error of less than 5% when used correctly on pharmaceutical forms. The proposed approach can be used in future research to directly identify the drugs in a mixture without having to separate them.

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 31 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
USE OF CLAY MINERAL IN WESTERN ALANBAR DESERT AND USING FOR CRUDE OIL FRACTIONATION (ALQAYAIRA CRUDE): USE OF CLAY MINERAL IN WESTERN ALANBAR DESERT AND USING FOR CRUDE OIL FRACTIONATION (ALQAYAIRA CRUDE)
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In this research, a number of the western al-Anbar clays (red iron clays, Attapulgite) were modified by treating them thermally with a temperature of 650oC. After that, these clays reflux with sodium hydroxide 5% for 1 hour by using microwave as a power supply. The research included fractionation alqayaira crude oil the fractionation included removing the asphaltene by precipitation from the crude using a simple paraffin solvent (normal hexane) as a non-soluble substance. After that it was filtered using the ash-free filter paper 42, the dissolved part, maltinate, was taken, drying a temperature of 75oC and weight, and to find the percentage of the two parts. Malatine was divided into three main parts (paraf

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 04 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Using Index of Compaction in interpreting the distribution and shapes of soil map units of Lower Diyala project.: Using Index of Compaction in interpreting the distribution and shapes of soil map units of Lower Diyala project.
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Abstract
This study was conducted by using soil map of LD7 project to interpret the
distribution and shapes of map units by using the index of compaction as an
index of map unit shape explanation. Where there were wide and varied
ranges of compaction index of map units, where the maximum value was
0.892 for MF9 map unit and the lower value was 0.010 for same map unit.
MF9 has wide range appearance of index of compaction after those indices
were statistically analyzed by using cluster analysis to group the similar
ranges together to ease using their values, so the unit MF9 was considered as
key map unit that appears in the soils of LD7 project which may be used to
expect another map units existence in area of

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 01 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Psychosocial Rehabilitation,
The Effect of Using Resistance and Medical Ozone Training on Testosterone and Some Physiological Variables in Swimmers
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م.د. فاطمة حميد ،أ.م.د وفاء صباح محمد الخفاجي, International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation,, 2020 - Cited by 1

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Publication Date
Mon May 06 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Pakistan Association Of Dermatologists
Assessment of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukinـ10 in obese psoriatic patients before and after using apremilast
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Background Psoriasis is one of the most prevalent chronic inflammatory skin conditions; its prevalence ranges from 1 to 3%. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a cytokine that enhances inflammation, is overexpressed in synovium and skin plaques in psoriasis. TNF-α plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. IL-10 is the most crucial cytokine for reducing excessive immune responses and decreasing pro-inflammatory reactions in all autoimmune disorders.   Objective To evaluate the effect of Apremilast on ILـ10, TNFـα, and BMI in obese psoriatic patients.   Methods Thirty patients included in this investigative study to measure the concentrations of TNFـα, ILـ10 and BMI, before and after receiving Apremilast. TNFـα and

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 31 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Study and Analysis of Concentric Shell and Double Tube Heat Exchanger Using - Al 2 O 3 Nanofluid
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    Heat exchanger is an important device in the industry for cooling or heating process. To increase the efficiency of heat exchanger, nanofluids are used to enhance the convective heat . transfer relative to the base fluid. - Al2O3/water nanofluid is used as cold stream in the shell and double concentric tube heat exchanger counter current to the hot stream basis oil. These nanoparticles were of particle size of 40 nm and it was mixed with a base fluid (water) at volume
concentrations of 0.002% and 0.004%. The results showed that each of Nusselt number and overall heat transfer coefficient increased as nanofluid concentrations increased. The pressure drop of nanofluid increased slightly than the base fluid because

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2019
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Removing of Hexavalent Chromium from Aqueous Solutions Using Dried Yogurt, and Studying Isotherm, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Parameters
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     In this study, Yogurt was dried and milled, then shaked with distilled water to remove the soluble materials, then again dried and milled. Batch experiments were carried out to remove hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions. Different parameters were optimized such as amount of adsorbent, treatment time, pH and concentration of adsorbate. The concentrations of Cr6+ in solutions are determined by UV-Visible spectrophotometer.  Maximum percentage removal of Cr6+ was 82% at pH 2. Two equilibrium adsorption isotherms mechanisms are tested Langmuir and Freundlich, the results showed that the isotherm obeyed to Freundlich isotherm. Kinetic models were applied to the adsorption of Cr6+ ions on the adsorbents, ps

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Numerical and experimental investigation on the performance of the capillary tube using R-134a and R-600a
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In this paper, isobutane (R-600a) is used as a suitable substitute for (R-134a) when changing the length of capillary tube. And the experimental data on capillary tube are obtained under different conditions such as (subcooling and ambient temperatures) on domestic refrigerator (9ft3 size), this data shows that (R-600a) a suitable substitute for (R134a) .The test presented a model for a steady state, two-phase flow in capillary tube for vapour compression system .The numerical model depends on conservation equations (mass, energy and momentum) as wall as the equation of state for refrigerant. The solution methodology was implemented by using finite difference techniques. The system results indicate that it is possible to change the refri

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 15 2018
Journal Name
Strojniški Vestnik - Journal Of Mechanical Engineering
Comparative Experimental and Numerical Investigation on Electrical Discharge Drilling of AISI 304 using Circular and Elliptical Electrodes
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This work introduces a new electrode geometry for making holes with high aspect ratios on AISI 304 using an electrical discharge drilling (EDD) process. In addition to commercially available cylindrical hollow electrodes, an elliptical electrode geometry has been designed, manufactured, and implemented. The principal aim was to improve the removal of debris formed during the erosion process that adversely affects the aspect ratio, dimensional accuracy, and surface integrity. The results were compared and discussed to evaluate the effectiveness of electrode geometry on the machining performance of EDD process with respect to the material removal rate (MRR,) the electrode wear rate (EWR), and the tool wear ratio (TWR). Dimensional features an

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 17 2018
Journal Name
International Journal Of Civil Engineering And Technology (ijciet)
ESTIMATION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE GENERATION AND LANDFILL VOLUME GENERATION AND LANDFILL VOLUME USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2018
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Natural Sciences
Geology and Structure Analysis of Shaqlawa – Merawa Area, Northern Iraq Using Remote Sensing, GIS and Field Observations
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This study appears GIS techniqueand remote sensing data are matching with the field observation to identify the structural features such as fault segments in the urban area such as the Merawa and Shaqlawa Cities. The use of different types of data such as fault systems, drainage patterns (previously mapped), lineament, and lithological contacts with spatial resolution of 30m was combined through a process of integration and index overlay modeling technique for producing the susceptibility map of fault segments in the study area. GIS spatial overlay technique was used to determine the spatial relationships of all the criteria (factors) and subcriteria (classes) within layers (maps) to classify and map the potential ar

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