Magnetic levitation (Maglev) systems are employed in a wide range of applications and are therefore of significant practical importance, which has led to growing research interest. This paper presents the design of a terminal synergetic control (TSC) and feedback linearization-based proportional-integral-derivative plus second-order derivative (FL-PIDD2) controller for the Maglev system. For developing the control law of both controllers, the mathematical model of the Maglev system is converted into a canonical system where the expression of the nonlinearity is displayed in the last differential dynamic equation of the system. The determination of the TSC and FL-PIDD2 gains for achieving the desired dynamic response is carried out using the

During this article, we have a tendency to show the peristaltic activity of magnetohydrodynamics flow of carreau fluid with heat transfer influence in an inclined tapered asymmetric channel through porous medium by exploitation the influence of non-slip boundary conditions. The tapered asymmetric channel is often created because of the intrauterine fluid flow induced by myometrial contraction and it had been simulated by asymmetric peristaltic fluid flow in an exceedingly two dimensional infinite non uniform channel, this fluid is known as hereby carreau fluid, conjointly we are able to say that one amongst carreau's applications is that the blood flow within the body of human. Industrial field, silicon oil is an example of carreau

The coagulation and flocculation process using coated magnetic nanoparticles is considered one of the effective technologies for turbidity removal. This study investigates an application of magnetic nanoparticles coated with citric acid in the coagulation and flocculation process on Tigris River water in Baghdad, Iraq. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNP1) were synthesized by the co-precipitation method and coated with citric acid (MNP2). The prepared MNP1 and MNP2 were characterized by XRD, FTIR, AFM, FE-SEM, EDS, and zeta potential analysis. For coagulation process, the effect of different types of coagulants (alum, FeCl3, MNP1, MNP2), coagulant dosage (10–110 mg/l), and initial pH (3–9) were examined in this work. The best coagulant was MNP2

The study is about Maxwell , three dimensions of non – Newtonian fluid. Method of th Homotopy applied to analysis mass transfer and heat with thermophoresis effects. (Sc), Impact of therrmophoretic (𝜏), magnetic (M), Biot (γ), radiation (Rd),Schmidt Prandtle (Pr) parameters and ratio parameter(β) on concentration, temperature are offered in the paper.

Elastic magnetic M1 electron scattering form factor has been calculated for the ground state J,T=1/2-,1/2 of 13C. The single-particle model is used with harmonic oscillator wave function. The core-polarization effects are calculated in the first-order perturbation theory including excitations up to 5ħω, using the modified surface delta interaction (MSDI) as a residual interaction. No parameters are introduced in this work. The data are reasonably explained up to q~2.5fm-1 .

Permanent magnets of different intensities were used to investigate the effect of a magnetic field in the process of preventing deposits of calcium carbonate. The magnets were fixed on the water line from the tap outside. Then heating a sample of this water in flasks and measuring the amount of sediment in a manner weighted differences. These experiments comprise to the change of the velocity of water flow, which amounted to (0.5, 0.75, 1) m/sec through the magnetic fields that are of magnetic strength (2200, 6000, 9250, 11000) Gauss, and conduct measurements, tests and compare them with those obtained from the use of ordinary water.The results showed the effectiveness of magnetic treatment in reducing the rate of deposition of calcium carb

A piezoelectric cantilever beam with a tip mass at its free end is a common energy harvester configuration. This article introduces a new principle of designing such a harvester that increases the generated power without changing the resonance frequency of the harvester: the attraction force between two permanent magnets is used to add stiffness to the system. This magnetic stiffening counters the effect of the tip mass on the efficient operation frequency. Five set-ups incorporating piezoelectric bimorph cantilevers of the same type in different mechanical configurations are compared theoretically and experimentally to investigate the feasibility of this principle: theoretical and experimental results show that magnetically stiffened harve

One of the most important problems in concrete production in Iraq and other country is the high sulfate content in sand that led to damage of concrete and hence reduces its compressive strength and may leads to cracking due to internal sulfate attack and delay ettringite formation. The magnetic water treatment process is adopted in this study. Many samples with different SO3 content are treated with magnetic water (12, 8, 4 and 2)L that needed for each 1kg of sand with the magnetic intensity (9000 and 5000) Gaus. The magnetic water needed is reduced with less SO3 content in sand. The ACI 211.1-91 concrete mix design was used in this research with slump range (75- 100) mm and the specified compressive strength (35MPa). The compressive streng