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The impact of Outward bank transfers on exchange rates in Iraq
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The depreciation of the Iraqi dinar against the US dollar, reaching low levels and causing disruptions in the local markets, has had detrimental effects on individuals and companies, particularly those with limited income and the poor. The local currency approached around 1600 dinars per dollar, after the official exchange rate had stabilized at around 1450 dinars per US dollar. This depreciation in the value of the Iraqi dinar can be attributed to financial speculation among currency traders, which directly affected exchange rates and illicit dollar smuggling operations. Bank transfers are also important alongside financial transactions, especially in light of current economic developments in the 21st century. To prevent currency smuggling, financial corruption, and money laundering, the Central Bank of Iraq suspended four Iraqi banks, which used to receive half of the central bank's daily sales, based on a recommendation from the US Department of Treasury. Additionally, there has been increased scrutiny on the participating banks in the currency auction, with approximately 35 banks involved. These measures have significantly impacted dollar sales and led to a shortage in the market, resulting in the depreciation of the Iraqi dinar.The significance of this research lies in the impact of bank transfers in the context of fluctuations in exchange rates in the local financial markets in Iraq. The Iraqi economy faces various challenges, including structural imbalances in economic sectors and increased reliance on foreign currency to cover high import demands. The research hypothesis asserts that bank transfers are used as a means to regulate banking operations and achieve monetary stability, which the Central Bank of Iraq seeks amidst exchange rate fluctuations. The aim of the research is to highlight the importance of bank transfers as a study of exchange rate fluctuations in Iraq and to elucidate the role of bank transfers in implementing the new electronic platform program.

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Publication Date
Wed May 19 2010
Journal Name
College Of Science – University Of Babylon
Synthesis and Characterisation of Cu(II) ,Co(II) ,Ni(II) and Zn(II) Complexes Derived from Acetylacetone and P–Amino benzoic acid
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Publication Date
Thu Aug 01 2019
Journal Name
International Journal Of Research - Granthaalayah
MULTIPLE MIXING RATIOS OF GAMMA RAY TRANSITIONS FROM πŸ”πŸŽππ πŸπŸ’πŸβˆ’ πŸπŸ“πŸŽ (𝐧, 𝐧 ΛŠπ›„) πŸ”πŸŽππ πŸπŸ’πŸβˆ’ πŸπŸ“πŸŽ REACTION USING π’‚πŸ- RATIO METHOD
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In the current work, the mixing ratios ( 𝛿 ) of gamma transitions were calculated from energy levels in the isotopes neodymium 60𝑁𝑎 142−150 populated in the 60Nd 142− 150 (n, n ˊγ) 60Nd 142− 150 using the 𝑎2 ratio method. We used the experimental coefficient (𝑎2 ) for two γ-transitions from the initial state itself, the statistical tensor 𝜌2(𝐽𝑖), associated with factor 𝑎2 , would be the same for the two transitions. The results obtained are in good agreement or within the experimental error with -those previously published. And existing contradictions resulting from inaccuracies in the empirical results of previous work. The current results confirm that the , 𝑎2 − method is used to calculate th

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 07 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Education And Scientific Studies
Synthesis and Characterization of Schiff Base Metal Complexes Derived from Trimethoprim and mixed ligands with 8-hydroxy quinolone and study biologically activity
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Schiff base obtained from the reaction (Trimethoprim) with (sodiumpyruvate ) to produce the ligand [NaL], the reaction was carried out in methanol as a solvent under reflux. The prepared ligand [NaL] was characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, 1H,13C-NMR spectra, mass spectra, and melting point.A new mixed ligand complexes have been prepared between ( 8- hydroxyquinolone) and the ligand [NaL] withMn(II).Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II), (Zn(II) ,(Cd(II)and Pd(II). All the complexes were characterized by spectroscopic methods (FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy), chloride content and melting point ,molar conductance and magnetic susceptibility.These measure- ments showed octahedral geometry around(,Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+) ions and square pla

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Rsc Advances
Capacitive performance of vertically aligned reduced titania nanotubes coated with Mn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> by reverse pulse electrodeposition
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Mn2O3 was coated onto reduced titania nanotubes by reverse pulse electrodeposition, showing smooth and homogenous deposits without covering the opening of the nanotubes.

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 28 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Global Pharma Technology
Synthesis, Characterization, Thermal Study, Biological Activity and Corrosion Inhibition of New Ligand Derived from Butanedioyl Dichloride and Some Selective Transition Metal Complexes
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The new ligand [N1,N4-bis((1H-benzo[d]Glyoxalin-2-yl)carbamothioyl)Butanedi amide] (NCB) derived from Butanedioyl diisothiocyanate with 2-aminobenz imidazole was used to prepare a chain of new metal complexes of Cr(III), Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Pd(II), Ag(I), Cd(II) by general formula [M(NCB)]Xn ,Where M= Cr(III), n=3, X=Cl; Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Pd(II), Cd(II) ,n=2 , X=Cl; Ag(I), n=1, X=NO3. Characterized compounds on the basis of 1H, 13CNMR (for (NCB), FT-IR and U.V spectrum, melting point, molar conduct, %C, %H, %N and %S, the percentage of the metal in complexes %M, Magnetic susceptibility, thermal studies (TGA),while its corrosion inhibition for mild steel in Ca(OH)2 solution is studied by weight loss. These measureme

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 22 2019
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Geometry, and Normal Modes of Vibration (3N-6) for Di and Tetra-Rings Layer (6, 0) Linear (Zigzag) SWCNTs; A DFT Treatment
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            Density Functional Theory (DFT) method of the type (B3LYP) and a Gaussian basis set (6-311G) were applied for calculating the vibration frequencies and absorption intensities for normal coordinates (3N-6) at the equilibrium geometry of the Di and Tetra-rings layer (6, 0) zigzag single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) by using Gaussian-09 program. Both were found to have the same symmetry of D6d point group with C--C bond alternation in all tube rings (for axial bonds, which are the vertical C--Ca bonds in rings layer and for circumferential bonds C—Cc in the outer and mid rings bonds). Assignments of the modes of vibration IR active and inactive vibration frequ

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 01 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis, characterization, molecular docking, ADMET prediction, and anti-inflammatory activity of some Schiff bases derived from salicylaldehyde as a potential cyclooxygenase inhibitor
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A series of Schiff base-bearing salicylaldehyde moiety compounds (1-4) had been designed, synthesized, subjected to insilico ADMET prediction, molecular docking, characterization by FT-IR, and CHNS analysis techniques, and finally to their Anti-inflammatory profile using cyclooxygenase fluorescence inhibitor screening assay methods along with standard drugs, celecoxib, and diclofenac. The ADMET studies were used to predict which compounds would be suitable for oral administration, as well as absorption sites, bioavailability, TPSA, and drug likeness. According to the results of ADME data, all of the produced chemicals can be absorbed through the GIT and have passed Lipinski’s rule of five. Through molecular docking with PyRx 0.8, these

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Publication Date
Sun May 10 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Prevalence of Quinolones Resistance Proteins Encoding Genes (qnr genes) and Co-Resistance with Ξ²-lactams among Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates from Iraqi Patients
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This study investigated the prevalence of quinolones resistance proteins encoding genes (qnr genes) and co-resistance for fluoroquinolones and β-lactams among clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.  Out of 150 clinical samples, 50 isolates of K. pneumoniae were identified according to morphological and biochemical properties. These isolates were collected from different clinical samples, including 15 (30%) urine, 12 (24%) blood, 9 (18%) sputum, 9 (18%) wound, and 5 (10%) burn. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) assay revealed that 15 (30%) of isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin (≥4µg/ml), 11 (22%) of isolates were resistant to levofloxacin (≥8 µg/ml), 21 (42%) of isolates were re

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 04 2020
Journal Name
Frontiers In Plant Science
Suppression of Arabidopsis Mediator Subunit-Encoding MED18 Confers Broad Resistance Against DNA and RNA Viruses While MED25 Is Required for Virus Defense
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Publication Date
Thu Aug 08 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Inorganic And Organometallic Polymers And Materials
Schiff-Base System of Glutaraldehyde Crosslinked Chitosan-Algae-Montmorillonite Clay K10 Biocomposite: Adsorption Mechanism and Optimized Removal for Methyl Violet 2B Dye
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