Background: Geographic variations in the incidence of different congenital coronary anomalies are well known, but infrequently studied in the Iraqi population.
Recognition of coronary anomalies is important in patients undergoing coronary arteriogrphy; coronary interventions and cardiac surgery .Variation in the frequency of primary congenital coronary anomalies may possibly have a genetic background. 
Patients and methods: Three thousands adult patients underwent diagnostic coronary angiography at two cardiac centers in Baghdad between January 2003 to March 2006. Their angiographic films were reviewed by at least two experts in coronary angiographic study.
Results: Among 3000 adult patients wh

Background: Cervical spondylosis is a degenerative disease of the cervical spine and can occur at any age but mostly after 5th decade.

Objectives:  is to focus a light on the clinical features, radiological findings and the result of the surgical treatment with comparison to the global results in the same field.

Patients and method: This is a prospective study of 50 patients with cervical spondylosis managed with surgery at surgical specialty hospital in the medical city, Baghdad, from the period from Jun. 2011 till Jan. 2012. The clinical, radiological, neurophysiological studies together with surgical outcome were all reviewed and included in the study.

Background: The prevalence of congenital anomalies at birth is underestimated in developing countries due to the unavailability of perinatal diagnostic tests or accurate medical records.  The prevalence of congenital defects may help to establish a baseline, track changes over time, and uncover etiological clues.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and types of major congenital anomalies in one of the main referral tertiary centers in Baghdad, highlighting the parent and neonatal characteristics and assessing the mortality rate in this group of patients.

Patients and Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in Baghdad Teaching Hospital dur

Background: Congenital pouch colon is an usual abnormality associated with anorectal malformation in which the colon is partially or totally replaced by a pouch like dilatation connected to the genitourinary tract by a fistula(colovesical).The condition varies from complete absence of normal colon with the ileum opening into colonic pouch to the presence of nearly normal colon with only the rectum or recto sigmoid being attached to a pouch which in turn connected to bladder by a band or fistula.
Objective: is to evaluate the methods of diagnosis and management of(C.P.C) with studying environmental factors especially pesticides and its prevalence.
Patients and Methods: A total number of seven cases of(C.P.C) associated with high typ

Background:

The relationship between the clinical singes and some of the hematological and biochemical values in 126 cases of local breed and Shammi breed goats (from both sexes) diagnosed as cases of malnutrition from 230 goats examined .The clinical examination include (beside the general inspection and case history) body temperature, respiratory and pulse rates, mucus membranes skin and coat. Examination of the blood samples included RBCs count, Hb concentration, PCV % and values of cupper, magnesium, phosphorus, and potassium. The results showed that the mean body temperature of these goats was lower than in normal goats, while the respiratory and pulse rates were higher .Examination of blood revealed decrease in the means of RBCs counts ,Hb con

Background: Shunt operations are performed for different reasons mainly hydrocephalus congenital or acquired. It’s associated with certain morbidity and mortality.
Patients and method: A prospective study from Jan 2004 to Jan 2006, 226 patients under went shunt operation in the specialized surgical hospital in Baghdad. The patients were divided into two groups according to the way of applying the upper end catheter. In group A49 patients where posterior parietal approach was used, and group (B) 174 where parietal or temproprietal approach was used.
Results and discussions: different complications were recorded, but the most frequent was upper end obstruction by choroids plexus or by debris. In group

With the emergence of globalization,‎ international and diplomatic relations have developed among countries and led to the creation of new words, concepts and diplomatic terminology. The purpose of this thesis is to study and analyze the types of written, oral and nonverbal diplomatic language and to shed light on the types of diplomatic translation/interpretation. In addition to that, the thesis investigates the role of translator/interpreter when translating diplomatic texts and interpreting diplomatic speeches in international conferences, organizations, etc. It also tackles the difficulties faced during translation/interpretation and how to overcome these problems and find appropriate solutions for them. The main purpose of this thesi

Background: