A field experiment was conducted on the form of the Dept. of Field Crop Sci. / College of Agriculture / University of Baghdad in spring and fall seasons of 2009 and 2010 . Ten inbreds of maize were planted and crossed to each other to produce single crosses . In the second season, single crosses were planted along with thin parent to produce three – way and double crosses . In the third seasons panet and crosses were planted . Crosses were selfed to produce F2 seeds and increase seeds of inbreds . In the fourth season, all grin types were planted , and their agronomic traits were evaluated . Values of P of inbreds , F1 and F2 were calculated for agronomic traits . The new formula to predict inbreeding depression ( ID ) F2 plant without growing them relied on : relative constant ( χ ) , P and F1 of traits . It was set up as : ID % = [ ( 1 – χ ) – χP / F1 ] × 100 . The inbreeding depression obtained was compared to that reported by Ouapadissakoon and Wernswam . The to values were just fit for all traits tested ; plant grain yield , kernel weight , kernel / ear , rows / ear , leaf area / plant , and plant total dry matter . However ,the F2 populations used were of three – way and double crosses . the F2 of single crosses if used ,the formula will stand right . This formula is very useful to predict inbreeding depression without the need to grow F2 seeds . whereas , other three formulas were set up to predict means of agronomic traits for inbreds ( parents ) ( P ) , F1 and F2 means P = [ ( 1 – χ ) – ( ID % ) ] × F1 / χ , for predicting : F1 = χP / ( 1 – χ ) – ID% , and for predicting values of F2 = ( 1 – ID % ) F1 . Results show very high fit for all traits estimated . Hence, we recommend using these formulas to predict any value mean of any trait of P , F1 , and F2 populations .
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The evaluation of the Nfayil limestones in Bahr Al-Najaf Depression as construction materials was done on 15 sites distributed over a region. The study included field and laboratory aspects. The field side included collecting information about the study area and samples. As for the laboratory side, laboratory tests were conducted to study the thermal conductivity of samples by a device called Lee’s disc in the Tikri University. The thermal conductivity results ranged between 2.34 and 0.27. The rocks are of high thermal insulation at low temperatures and low insulation at high temperatures according to the specifications of the suitability of limestone for thermal conductivity standards (ASTM C 1057-03-2010).
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The life on earth is driven by energy, supplied by the tiny organelles of the cell called mitochondria and they are usually stated as the powerhouses of the cell. In population genetics, Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is used extensively to categorize individuals or populations. The mutation sites observed in human mtDNA by comparing with the reference sequence (rCRS) are termed into definite human mtDNA haplogroups. Previous studies showed that mtDNA specific haplogroups and polymorphisms were established to be linked with various human diseases, including cancer in numerous populations. Furthermore, it is also known that several mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms are implicated in enhanced production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS
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In this work, some of numerical methods for solving first order linear Volterra IntegroDifferential Equations are presented. The numerical solution of these equations is obtained by using Open Newton Cotes formula. The Open Newton Cotes formula is applied to find the optimum solution for this equation. The computer program is written in (MATLAB) language (version 6)
This study deals with the Spatial and Periodical Variation of the Economical Activities for the
Population of Al – Anbar Province on the level of districts , according to the Population
Computation for the period 1987 and 1997 and the results of determinations and numberings
for the year of 2011 .
This study depends on the Details Classifications of the 17th Activities for 1997 and 2011
beside the Triple Classification of the Economical Activities for the three study years .
The study proves that there is a spatial and periodical variation on the level of study area , and
that’s because of many factors , one of the most important of them was the distribution of
economical siege, as well as the weakness of the
In this study, the harvest of maize silage with the cross double row sowing method were tested with a single row disc silage machine in two different PTO applications (540 and 540E min-1) and at two different working speeds v1, v2 (1.8 and 2.5 km h-1). The possibilities of harvesting with a single row machine were revealed, and performance characteristics such as hourly fuel consumption, field-product fuel consumption and PTO power consumption were determined in the trials. The best results in terms of hourly fuel consumption and PTO power consumption were determined in the 540E PTO application and V1 working speed. When the fuel consumption of the field-product is evaluated, it is obtained with V2 working speed and 540E PTO application. As
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The study population growth of the most important demographic phenomena upon which planners to meet changes in the size of the population increase is through knowledge of the requirements of population growth can be planned for the future. On this basis, Tuz District was chosen for the study of population growth, which set her period (1977-2012), and compared with the growth of the population of the province and the extent of the variation in population growth, according to the administrative units, has touched search numerical and proportional distribution of the population according to the administrative aspects of the judiciary, as well as environmental distribution.
The elimination of the study population growth dramatically
... Show MoreAflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a mycotoxin produced mainly by fungi Aspergillus flavus in food and animals feed. It is considered as a carcinogenic toxin for human and animals. The current study is designed to investigate the incidence of mycoflora in twenty four samples of local stored maize collected from Iraqi governorates; investigate the presence of aflatoxin B1 on these samples using TLC and ELISA techniques. The fungi recovered from maize samples were Aspergillus flavus (18.57 % ), Fusarium spp. (12.8 % ), A. ocraceus (9.96 % ) , A. terrus (9.07 % ), A. fumigatus (8.46 % ) , Alternaria spp. (6.40 % ) Rhizopus spp. (4.98 % ), A. niger spp., A. oryzae spp. (4.80 % ), Penicillium spp. (4.53 %) A. versicolor spp., Rhizoctonia spp. (4.27 %), A
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