This research involves the preparation of new ligands 1,1,2,2- tetrakis (sodium acetate thio)ethylene(L1) and 1,1,2- tris(sodiumacetatethio) ethylene(L2), through the reaction of disodium thioglycolate) with tetra chloro ethylene or tri chloro ethylene in (1:4) or (1:3) moler ratio . Homodinucliar complexes of general formlu [M2(L1)] and [M2(L2)ClH2O] , when M= Co(II), Ni(II), Cu (II) and Zn(II) also mono nuclear complexes of general formula [M(L2)] . The prepared complexes were characterized using spectral method (UV/Visible/ IR) , metal content analysis , magnetic and atomic measurements . The spectral and magnetic measurement indicats that some complexes have tetrahedral or square planar complexes environtment .

Background: The accumulation of the lipid in the vascular smooth muscle cell within the arterial intima is a key process of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a degenerative disease of blood vessels leading to stroke.
Materials & Methods.One hundred and ten patients with acute stroke were included in this study 88 patients with ischaemic or infarction stroke and 22 patients with hemorrhagic type ) as well as thirty apparently normal healthy subjects as controls.
Results.Triglycerides levels and AI only were statistically significant in ischaemic type of stroke (P<0.005) while other lipid fractions were similar to the control values.
Conclusion: Acute stroke patients (infarction type) had significantly

The constitution is considered the supreme law in the state, as it clarifies the form of the state and the existing system of government in it, and defines its general authorities and their relationship to each other on the one hand, and their relationship to individuals on the other hand, and this is what the Iraqi constitutional legislator stipulated according to the constitution (2005).

However, one of the public authorities in the state may sometimes resort to stopping the implementation of some provisions of the constitution without relying on a constitutional text that gives it the authority to do this work, and this is what has been termed the actual suspension of the constitution.

What complicates the matter in Ir

Background: Although Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) is still regarded as a controversial treatment by some people, it is an important and effective treatment. The practice of ECT is different across the world.

Objectives: to obtain an overview of the electroconvulsive therapy   practice in Iraq.

Method: Forty item self administered questionnaire about the attitude and practice of ECT, was sent (by mail or delivered by the researcher) to 73 Iraqi psychiatrists during the period from March to September, 2007.

Results: Half of participants had asked for the patient's consent, and all asked the family for the consent,    72%

For many years it was argued that there may be a gender differences in adverse drug reactions (ADRs). This assumption was based on many possible factors such as hormonal or behavior differences, and it was not clearly identified since the female gender was not preferred to be enrolled in many clinical trials. The primary aim of this study was to assess the extent of possibly relevant gender differences in drug–ADRs regarding causality, severity, preventability, seriousness, expectedness and outcome. While the secondary aim was to assess for which group of drugs and for which ADRs gender differences are identified most often. The study was a retrospective one that depends on processing a specially selected group of data obtained from th

Seeds of the two rice genotypes namely Amber 33 (A33) and Amber Baghdad (AB) were divided into two groups; the first was presoaked in different concentrations of ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) as chemical mutagen for different duration times (3, 6 and 12) hrs, and the other was exposed to different exposure times of ultra violate (UV-B) radiation (280-320 nm) as physical mutagen for different times (20, 40 and 60) min at room temperature. Treated and non-treated seeds were transferred into the callus induction medium containing 2.5 mg/L 2,4- dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.5 mg/L benzyl adenine (BA) under aseptic conditions. Calli were divided into two groups the first was treated with several EMS concentrations (0.0, 0.50. 1.0, 1

Background: Chemotherapeutic medication treatment for cancer is typically used in conjunction with other techniques as part of a routine regimen. It is well established that the capacity of different chemotherapeutic drugs to induce apoptosis is correlated with their anticancer efficacy. Quinazolinone-based drugs have demonstrated excellent responses from several cancer cell types. These substances have a lot of potential for use as building blocks in the creation of apoptosis inducers. Objective: To assess the new quinazolinone derivatives (M1 and M2) that were recently synthesized for their potential to halt wound healing and to use the acridine orange/propidium iodide (AO/PI) double stain to assess their capacity to induce apopto

Background: The relation between insulin resistance ,leptin levels and other hormones in women with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is still controversial.Metformin therapy is proved effective in reducing insulin resistance and also in some studies it was seen to be effective in reducing leptin levels.
Al- Kindy Col Med J 2012 ; Vol .8 No. (2) p: 65
Objective: to study the effect of metformin on reducing leptin levels and enhancing ovulation in PCOS women.
Methods:metformin 500mg 3 times daily for 3 months was was given to 36 women
with proved PCOS, in addition to that, other parameters were included.
Results:28 women out of 36(77.78%) showed an evidence of ovulation ovulation after 3 months of metformin therapy(p<0.01)