Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) create imitation photosynthesis by using chemical reactions to produce electricity from sunlight. DSSC has been pursued in numerous studies due to its capability to achieve efficiencies of up to 15% with artificial photosensitizer in diffuse light. However, artificial photosensitizers present a limitation because of the complex processing of metal compound. Therefore, various types of sensitizers were developed and synthesized to surpass the artificial sensitizer performances such as natural sensitizers from bio-based materials including plants, due to simple processing techniques and low environmental impact. Thus, this study examines the potential and properties of natural sensitizers from the was

The current study includes 144 samples were 106 bacterial samples belonging to the clinical sources, 38 bacterial samples belonging to the environmental sources to investigate the presence of bacteria P. aeruginosa. The results of diagnosis clarified that there are 45 bacterial isolates belonging to the bacterium P. aeruginosa The examination of the sensitivity of all bacterial isolates was done for elected 45 isolation towards the 11 antibiotic by spread method on the dishes. The results showed that the resistance ratio toward Cefixim, Cefotaxim, Tetracycline, Amoxicillin, Cloxacillin, Methicillin, Erythromycin and Naldixic acid was 77.7, 73.3, 84.4, 82.2, 80, 77.7, 77.7 and 73.3 respectively, While most isolates were sensitive to all o

Web application protection lies on two levels: the first is the responsibility of the server management, and the second is the responsibility of the programmer of the site (this is the scope of the research). This research suggests developing a secure web application site based on three-tier architecture (client, server, and database). The security of this system described as follows: using multilevel access by authorization, which means allowing access to pages depending on authorized level; password encrypted using Message Digest Five (MD5) and salt. Secure Socket Layer (SSL) protocol authentication used. Writing PHP code according to set of rules to hide source code to ensure that it cannot be stolen, verification of input before it is s

The study aims to explore the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on internet addiction among university students. The experimental method was used. The study population consisted of (100) university students (50 males, 50 females). The Research sample included (13) University students at Baghdad University addicted to the Internet (9 males, 4 females), divided into two groups:  a control group consisting of (6) individuals (4 males, 2 females) and an experimental sample consisting of (6) individuals (4 males, 2 females). The Scale of Internet Addiction by Young (1996), which was translated and modified into the Arabic language by (Moegel and Prism, 2016), was administered to the study sample. The sample was subjected to two sess

Construction of photographed bullying scale of kindergarteners was the aim of this study. The study conducted to answer the raised question, could the bullying among kindergarteners be measured?. A total of (200) boy and girl were selected from city of Baghdad to be the sample of the study. The scale composed of (27) item with colored pictures. It takes about (15) minuets to answer the whole scale items. SPSS tools were used to process the collected data. The result showed that the bullying among kindergarteners could be measured.

The aim of this work is to develop an axi-symmetric two dimensional model based on a coupled simplified computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and Lagrangian method to predict the air flow patterns and drying of particles.  Then using this predictive tool to design more efficient spray dryers. The approach to this is to model what particles experience in the drying chamber with respect to air temperature and humidity. These histories can be obtained by combining the particles trajectories with the air temperature/humidity pattern in the spray dryer. Results are presented and discussed in terms of the air velocity, temperature, and humidity profiles within the chambers and compared for drying of a 42.5% solids solution in a spray chamber

Gumbel distribution was dealt with great care by researchers and statisticians. There are traditional methods to estimate two parameters of Gumbel distribution known as Maximum Likelihood, the Method of Moments and recently the method of re-sampling called (Jackknife). However, these methods suffer from some mathematical difficulties in solving them analytically. Accordingly, there are other non-traditional methods, like the principle of the nearest neighbors, used in computer science especially, artificial intelligence algorithms, including the genetic algorithm, the artificial neural network algorithm, and others that may to be classified as meta-heuristic methods. Moreover, this principle of nearest neighbors has useful statistical featu