<span lang="EN-GB">Transmitting the highest capacity throughput over the longest possible distance without any regeneration stage is an important goal of any long-haul optical network system. Accordingly, Polarization-Multiplexed Quadrature Phase-Shift-Keying (PM-QPSK) was introduced lately to achieve high bit-rate with relatively high spectral efficiency. Unfortunately, the required broad bandwidth of PM-QPSK increases the linear and nonlinear impairments in the physical layer of the optical fiber network. Increased attention has been spent to compensate for these impairments in the last years. In this paper, Single Mode Fiber (SMF), single channel, PM-QPSK transceiver was simulated, with a mix of optical and electrical (Digital Signal Processing (DSP)) compensation stages to minimize the impairments. The behaviour of the proposed system was investigated under four conditions: without compensation, with only optical compensator, with only DSP compensator and finally with both compensators. An evidence improvement was noticed in the case of hybrid compensation, where the transmission distance was multiplied from (720 km) to more than (3000 km) at 40 Gb/s.</span>
Introduction: Breast cancer is a significant global health concern, affecting millions of women worldwide. While advancements in diagnosis and treatment have improved survival rates, the impact of this disease extends beyond physical health. It also significantly influences a woman's lifestyle and overall well-being. Objectives: The current study intends to analyze the lifestyle of breast cancer patients who are receiving therapy or are being followed up at the Oncology Teaching Hospital in Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq. Method: The present study uses a descriptive design with an application of an evaluation approach. A convenience sample of 100 women with breast cancer was selected from the Teaching Oncology Hospital at the Medical C
... Show MoreBlogging is about more than just putting thoughts on a web; it's about connecting with and hearing from anyone who read the work. Many web sites now days help to get a free account to quick post thoughts and photos interact with people, and more. The fastest way to understand blogging is to try it out, but in that case securing the blog is important, by including authentication schemes. In this paper we suggest implications of our research for improving the design and usefulness of blogging systems, and also we divided the blogs depending on the subject and need, which are either to be used in public or only used by small group, so we can suggest different steps for securing the blogs.
The population density of the insect on Alorat and fruits located in the lower part of the tree more than the middle part of the plant and insect in one place and demonstrates that there is a nest there were conducted laboratory and field studies on citrus Hsasahanwaa and the Alvdaúaa distribution of cortical insect yellow ....
Let be an infinite dimensional separable complex Hilbert space and let , where is the Banach algebra of all bounded linear operators on . In this paper we prove the following results. If is a operator, then 1. is a hypercyclic operator if and only if D and for every hyperinvariant subspace of . 2. If is a pure, then is a countably hypercyclic operator if and only if and for every hyperinvariant subspace of . 3. has a bounded set with dense orbit if and only if for every hyperinvariant subspace of , .
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-related progressive and neurodegenerative disorder, which is characterized by loss of memory and cognitive decline. It is the main cause of disability among older people. The rapid increase in the number of people living with AD and other forms of dementia due to the aging population represents a major challenge to health and social care systems worldwide. Degeneration of brain cells due to AD starts many years before the clinical manifestations become clear. Early diagnosis of AD will contribute to the development of effective treatments that could slow, stop, or prevent significant cognitive decline. Consequently, early diagnosis of AD may also be valuable in detecting patients with dementia who have n
... Show MoreBeen Antkhav three isolates of soil classified as follows: Bacillus G3 consists of spores, G12, G27 led Pal NTG treatment to kill part of the cells of the three isolates varying degrees treatment also led to mutations urged resistance to streptomycin and rifampicin and double mutations
ZnO-nanoflowers on a transparent conductive tin-doped In2O3 (ITO) glass substrate have been successfully prepared via a simple and efficient growth approach that is combining of dip coating and hydrothermal processes. One thin layer of ZnO nanoparticles is prepared by dip coating method followed by hydrothermally grown of ZnO nanoflowers at low temperature. The morphology and structure of ZnO-nanoflowers were inspected by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The optical absorption and photoluminescence spectra of ZnO-nanoflowers are also investigated. The ZnO-nanoflowers photoanode sho