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Association between self‐reported oral disease/conditions and symptoms of depression among Iraqi individuals
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Abstract<sec><title>Aims

The negative impact of oral diseases on the function, economy, and general health of the population is well‐documented. In the last decades, evidence linking increased expression of depression and oral diseases/conditions has significantly increased. The aim of this study is to assess the association between oral disease/conditions and self‐reported symptoms of depression individuals.

Methods

A specially designed questionnaire was distributed via social media for 1 week. It consisted of two main sections; the first section was dedicated to collect demographic variables and self‐reported symptoms of oral diseases. The second section, Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9), was used to assess the severity of depression via nine questions using a 4‐point Likert scale. Association between depression and oral disease was determined by linear regression analysis.

Results

A total of 1975 participants responded fully to the questionnaire and were included in the final analysis. The majority of participants, about 60%, showed mild to moderate symptoms of depression, while 8.9% expressed severe symptoms. Oral diseases positively associated with depression were caries, missing teeth, gingival bleeding, gingival recession, teeth mobility, and dry mouth (R2 = .155). In contrast, increased esthetic level of teeth/gingiva significantly decreased the feeling of depression.

Conclusions

Results indicated that oral diseases, particularly those adversely affecting function and esthetics, were associated with symptoms of depression in Iraqi individuals. These findings highlighted the importance of maintaining oral health as part of the general psychological wellbeing of the population.

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Sat Jun 15 2024
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Sun Mar 31 2019
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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2022
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Al–bahith Al–a'alami
THE LANGUAGE OF MEDIA BETWEEN THE CLASSICAL LANGUAGE AND THE DIALECT
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Sun Mar 06 2011
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Baghdad Science Journal
The Relationships between Relatively Cancellation Modules and Certain Types of Modules
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Let R be a commutative ring with identity and M be unitary (left) R-module. The principal aim of this paper is to study the relationships between relatively cancellation module and multiplication modules, pure submodules and Noetherian (Artinian) modules.

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 16 2018
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Al-academy
The Formative Truth of the Dramatic Work between Direction and Production
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Most of the theorists and researchers and also those interested in cinema and television attributed the fact of the existence of the dramatic works to the directors may be due to a historical justification. At the same time, the existence of the production world came as a result of the emergence of the production city (Hollywood). This is also a historic fact. The research would tackle all the formative truths to prove the relation and the timeline, i.e., before and after and the synergy that resulted in the existence of the dramatic works that benefited the humanity and those interested in this giving art. The objective of the research is to uncover the formative truth of the dramatic work between direction and production.

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 15 2024
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Investigating the Correlations between Physical Parameters of Elliptical and Lenticular Galaxies
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Thu Feb 26 2026
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The propaganda discourse is the most widely circulated in the media and communication studies, where the interest of scholars and researchers in this field has become clear in the analysis and interpretation of the content of this discourse, to identify the intentions, purposes and objectives of the communicator activity, which exceeded the borders of states in the heated atmosphere of rivalries and political conflicts that characterize The countries of the world as a whole and for many years.

In particular, the economically and militarily developed countries (the Nordic capitalist countries) have exerted special efforts in the production of information and ideas, using advanced methods and means in all details of communication w

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 13 2024
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Disagreement in conscience of the affair between grammarians Basrans and Kufans
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Publication Date
Fri Feb 01 2019
Journal Name
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The Historical effect of Conflict between North and South (1945-1995)
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The Historical effect of Conflict between North and South

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