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Cytotoxic Effect of 6-Ethyl-Chenodeoxycholic Acid and Cabazitaxel on PC-3 Cells
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Introduction. Chemotherapy with Cabazitaxel (CBZ) is a typical first-line treatment option for naïive castration-resistant prostate cancer resistant to docetaxel. On the other hand, Cabazitaxel's therapeutic success is constrained by chemoresistance and side effects.

Aim. To assess whether 6 alpha-ethylchenodeoxycholic acid (6-ECDCA), a selective agonist for bile acid receptors will enhance the efficacy of CBZ in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells.

Materials and methods. The 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) viability assay was used to assess the cytotoxicity of 6-ECDCA and CBZ medicines or their combinations against the human prostate cancer cell line (PC-3). The combination outcome suggested by Chou TC et al. was then evaluated using the combination index (CI) to find out the nature of synergism, antagonism, and additive effect of the drug’s combination. Furthermore, the Dose-Reduction Index (DRI) was determined to measure how many times the dose could be reduced for each drug in a synergistic combination.

Results and discussion. Analysis of the dose-effect curve showed that the treatment of PC-3 cells with CBZ alone or combined with 6-ECDCA for 48 h led to 50 % cytotoxicity of 20.5 nM and 4.7 nM, respectively. 6-ECDCA at 1.77 µM had an additive effect based on the CI value, which was 1.02, while at 21.02 µM, the CI was 0.54 which designates a strong synergistic effect. The combination of CBZ and 6-ECDCA at a submaximal lower dose by 6-folds of each one produced a 95 % cell death than treatment with either agent alone.

Conclusion. The Combination index plot showed CI ≤ l for all combinations used in this study, which indicates additive and synergistic interactions between CBZ and 6-ECDCA. The significant impact of 6-ECDCA in combination with CBZ for treating androgen-independent prostate cancer cells was confirmed by this study to be preferred to the treatment with a single drug.

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Publication Date
Thu May 05 2022
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Evaluation of podophyllin and Trichloroacetic acid for the treatment of genital warts in Iraqi female patients
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Background: human paillomavirus infections (genital warts) are the most frequent sexually transmitted viral infections. a wide range of treatment options is available with different efficacy.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of podophyllin, trichloracetic acid (TCA) in the treatment of genital warts and side effects of them.

Subjects and methods: a total of sixty patients with genital warts were randomly selected, 30 in each group, in the Department of Dermatology, medical city for a Duration of 11 months from January 2009 to December 2009 treated with 35 % podophyllin in the tincture of benzoin or 50%  TCA) .Forty-eight patients were followed up for three months.

Results: wart

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Publication Date
Sat Aug 31 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
The Effect of Laser And Thermal Treatment on the Hardness and Adhesion Force on the Cermet Coating By Thermal Spray Technique
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Ceramic coating compose from a ceramic mixture (MgO, Al2O3) and metall (Al-Ni) were produced by Thermal Spray Technique. The mixed ratio of used materials Al:Ni (50%) and 40% of Al2O3 and 10% MgO. This mixture was spray on a stainless steel substrate of type (316 L) by using thermal spray with flame method and at spraying distances (8, 12, 16 and 20) cm, then the prepared films were treated by laser and thermal treatment. After that performing a hardness and adhesion tests were eximined. The present study shows that the best value of the thermal treatment is 1000 ℃ for 30 mint; the optimum spray distance is 12 cm and most suitable laser is 500 mJ where the microscopic and mechanical character

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 30 2013
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Study on the Effect of the Curvature of Solar Collector on Wind Loading Coefficients and Dynamic Response of Solar Collector
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In the current research, the work concentrated on studying the effect of curvature of solar parabolic trough solar collector on wind loading coefficients and dynamic response of solar collector. The response of collector to the aerodynamic loading was estimated numerically and experimentally. The curvature of most public parabolic trough solar collectors was investigated and compared. The dynamic response of solar collector due to wind loading was investigated by using numerical solution of fluid-structure interaction concept. The experimental work was done to verify the numerical results and shows good agreement with numerical results. The numerical results were obtained by using finite element software package (ANSYS 14). It was found

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 30 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Evaluation for New Esters Derivatives Containing Two 1, 3, 4-Oxadiazole Units
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     This work includes the synthesis of new ester compounds containing two 1,3,4-oxadiazole rings, 15a-c and 16a-c. This was done over seven steps, starting with p-acetamido-phenol 1 and 2-mercaptobenzoimidazole 2. The structure of the products was determined using FT-IR, 1H NMR, and mass spectroscopy. The evaluation of the antimicrobial activities of some prepared compounds was achieved against four types of bacteria (two types of gram-positive bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, and two types of gram-negative bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E. Coli), as well as against one types of fungus (C. albino). The results show moderate activit against the study bacteria, and the theoretical analysis of the toxi

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 09 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Ovonic Research
Effect of dopant of aluminum on the structural and optical properties of NiTsPc thin films
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The (NiTsPc) thin films operating by vacuum evaporation technique are high recital and good desirable for number of applications, were dumped on glass substrates at room temperature with (200±20nm) thickness and doped with Al at different percentage (0.01,0.03) besides annealing the sample with 200˚C for 1 hours . The stimuluses of aluminum dopant percentage on characterization of the dropped (Ni Ts Pc) thin films were studied through X-ray diffraction in addition from the attained results, were all the films have polycrystalline in nature, as well the fallouts of XRD aimed at film illustrations polycrystalline, depending on the Al ratio doping, the results, SEM exposed the surface is regularly homogeneous. Utilizing first-ideolog

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Effect of irrigation type and method on the cost of producing dunum of wheat crop
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Abstract :  This research is concerned with studying the best type and method of  irrigation as well as the best cultivated area to reduce the cost of producing  dunums of wheat crop in Iraq , and was based on data taken from the Ministry of Planning / Central Statistical Organization About cost of wheat crop production for (12) Iraqi governorates except Kurdistan, Nineveh, Salah al-Din, Anbar) and the sample size (554) according to the cost survey carried out by the Ministry of Planning / Central Statistical Organization for 2017, The results of the research showed that there are significant statistical differences between production costs when using t

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Ovonic Research
Effect of dopant of aluminum on the structural and optical properties of NiTsPc thin films
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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2016
Journal Name
Ama, Agricultural Mechanization In Asia, Africa And Latin America
Effect of three honeycomb interplant distances on growth and flowering of two cultivars of bean
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A factorial experiment (2× 3) in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was conducted to examine the effect of honeycomb selection method using three interplant distances on the vegetative growth, flowering, and fruit set of two cultivars of bean, Bronco and Strike. Interplant distances used were 75× 65 cm, 90× 78 cm, and 105× 91 cm (row× plant) represent short (high plant density), intermediate (intermediate plant density), and wide (low plant density) distance, respectively. Parameters used for selection were number of days from planting to the initiation of first flower, number of nodes formed prior to the onset of first flower, and number of main branches. Results showed significant superiority of the Strik

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 02 2013
Journal Name
Al-nahrain Journal Of Science
Effect of Magnetized Water on Histological Structure of Heart, Lung and Spleen of Albino Rats
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The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of magnetized water on the histological structure of heart, lung and spleen. For this purpose, twenty five albino rats were divided into five equal groups, the first group was considered as control group. The other groups were given magnetized water with intensity of 250, 750, 1000, 1500 gause every day for 30 days. Then the animals were sacrificed and the histological change on heart, lung and spleen was studied. Histopathology of heart in rats treated with magnetic water with intensity of 250, 750, 1000, 1500 gause showed no clear pathological lesion. Lung section of rats treated with 250 gause of magnetic water showed no pathological lesion, while lung section belongs to rats group given

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2015
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
Evaluation the fermentation capacity of commercial Baker′s yeast and effect of the salt concentration on breadLeavening.: Evaluation the fermentation capacity of commercial Baker′s yeast and effect of the salt concentration on breadLeavening.
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This qualitative study was conducted on eight types of commercial baking yeast which available in local markets to estimate their fermentation activity as affecting the Bread industry and the impact of the salt added to DoughLeavening, The results showed a great variation in the fermentation capacity of yeast samples (their role in swelling the dough), most notably the sample value Y3 and least sample Y7 and reached 80% and 20% respectively, and the value of Leavening by using the two types of yeast with addition of three levels of salt (0 , 1 and 2%) have 20.0 , 19.7 and 15.7 of the sample Y3, compared with 10.5 , 10.3 and 8.8 of the sample Y7 for each of the levels of salt respectively, reflect

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